The main economic activity in Makuria was agriculture, with farmers growing several crops a year of barley, millet, and dates. The methods used were generally the same that had been used for millennia. Small plots of well irrigated land were lined along the banks of the Nile, which would be fertilized by the river's annual flooding. One important technological advance was the saqiya, an oxen-powered water wheel, that was introduced in the Roman period and helped increase yields and population density.^{See also:}

Makuria, Makuria - Sources, Makuria - History, Makuria - Origins, Makuria - Height, Makuria - Decline, Makuria - Economy, Makuria - Government, Makuria - Religion, Makuria - Culture, Makuria - Rulers, Makuria - Notes

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By location Shinano soba – named after the town in Nagano Shinshu soba – named after the southern region of Nagano Izumo soba – named after the city in Shimane By ingredients Jinenjo soba – flavored with wild yam flour Cha soba – flavored with green tea powder Mugi soba – flavored with mugwort Ni-hachi soba – soba containing 20% wheat and 80% buckwheat 100% buckwheat sobaSee also:

Soba, Soba - Varieties of Soba, Soba - Common Soba Dishes

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