Stories of a planned German invasion rose to increasing political prominence from 1906. Taking their inspiration from the stories of Le Queux and Childers, hundreds of ordinary citizens began to notice foreigners behaving suspiciously. This trend was accentuated by Le Queux, who collected 'sightings' brought to his attention by readers and raised them through his association with the Daily Mail. Subsequent research has since shown that no significant German espionage network existed in Britain at this time. Claims about the scale of German i ...

See also:

Invasion literature, Invasion literature - Invasion literature, Invasion literature - Political impact, Invasion literature - Before and after the Dorking era, Invasion literature - Influences, Invasion literature - Notable invasion literature

Read more here: » Invasion literature: Encyclopedia II - Invasion literature - Political impact

The invasion genre has persisted to this day in popular culture because it continues to appeal to the anxieties of the moment. Current invasion scenarios include terrorism, pandemics, and ecological and environmental catastrophe. After the Second World War fears of Communist invasion became pronounced in films like Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956), and more explicitly in the 1980s with Red Dawn and Amerika. American TV and movies in the period following the 9/11 terr ...

See also:

Invasion literature, Invasion literature - Invasion literature, Invasion literature - Political impact, Invasion literature - Before and after the Dorking era, Invasion literature - Influences, Invasion literature - Notable invasion literature

Read more here: » Invasion literature: Encyclopedia II - Invasion literature - Before and after the Dorking era

A main theme in invasion literature is a fear of and fascination with technology. The invasions are made possible by a technological leap that gives the invader a supra-human advantage. I.F. Clarke, a British literary scholar, is recognized as the primary expert on the genre. ...

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Invasion literature, Invasion literature - Invasion literature, Invasion literature - Political impact, Invasion literature - Before and after the Dorking era, Invasion literature - Influences, Invasion literature - Notable invasion literature

Read more here: » Invasion literature: Encyclopedia II - Invasion literature - Influences

Greys made their first significant fictional appearance in the 1977 motion picture Close Encounters of the Third Kind, wherein the director, Steven Spielberg, used childlike aliens as a creative metaphor. However, Close Encounters of the Third Kind was not the first appearance of Greys. "Bug-eyed" humanoid creatures, often with large heads and slender bodies, were common as science fiction villains well before Close Encounters. See, for ex ...

See also:

Greys, Greys - Aspect and Origin, Greys - Descriptions, Greys - Skeptical Perspectives, Greys - Explanations, Greys - Fictional appearances, Greys - Supposedly genuine appearances, Greys - Disputed depictions

Read more here: » Greys: Encyclopedia II - Greys - Fictional appearances

The Hill Abduction incident also involved creatures vaguely similar to Greys, and probably represents the prototypical story of alleged human encounters with these beings. Harvard Medical School professor Dr. John Edward Mack claims that many of his clients have had encounters with the greys. His books Abduction and Passport to the Cosmos describe his patients' spiritual transformations and awakening o ...

See also:

Greys, Greys - Aspect and Origin, Greys - Descriptions, Greys - Skeptical Perspectives, Greys - Explanations, Greys - Fictional appearances, Greys - Supposedly genuine appearances, Greys - Disputed depictions

Read more here: » Greys: Encyclopedia II - Greys - Supposedly genuine appearances

In popular culture, such as movies and comics, "aliens" are often depicted as somewhat humanoid in their appearance (See Greys, Little green men). There are several reasons for this humanoid depiction in popular culture. It makes it easier for an alien in a movie scene to simply be a disguised human actor. Aliens in movies, in order to catch our attention, must trigger instantaneous emotional reaction; this requires a design based on recognizable human facial features and expressions. It is easier to relate to an alien with features w ...

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Extraterrestrial life in popular culture, Extraterrestrial life in popular culture - Typical characteristics, Extraterrestrial life in popular culture - Extraterrestrial life in fiction, Extraterrestrial life in popular culture - Silicon based life

Read more here: » Extraterrestrial life in popular culture: Encyclopedia II - Extraterrestrial life in popular culture - Typical characteristics

In popular culture, such as movies and comics, "aliens" are often depicted as somewhat humanoid in their appearance (See Greys, Little green men, Star Trek). There are several reasons for this humanoid depiction in popular culture. It makes it easier for an alien in a movie scene to simply be a disguised human actor. Aliens in movies, in order to catch our attention, must trigger instantaneous emotional reaction; this requires a design based on recognizable human facial features and expressions. It is easier to relate to an ali ...

See also:

Extraterrestrial life in popular culture, Extraterrestrial life in popular culture - Typical characteristics, Extraterrestrial life in popular culture - Extraterrestrial life in fiction, Extraterrestrial life in popular culture - Silicon based life

Read more here: » Extraterrestrial life in popular culture: Encyclopedia II - Extraterrestrial life in popular culture - Typical characteristics

Many bodies in the Solar System have been suggested as being likely to contain life. The most commonly suggested ones are listed below; of these, four of the five are moons thought to have large bodies of underground liquid, and life may have evolved there in a similar fashion to deep sea vents. Mars - The best known of the other planets and moons in the Solar system. There was liquid water on Mars in the past and there may be liquid water beneath the surface. Recently, methane was found in the atmosphere of Mars. Titan ...

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Extraterrestrial life, Extraterrestrial life - Possible basis of extraterrestrial life, Extraterrestrial life - Biochemistry, Extraterrestrial life - Theoretical Evolution and Morphology, Extraterrestrial life - Beliefs in extraterrestrial life, Extraterrestrial life - Ancient and Early Modern ideas, Extraterrestrial life - Extraterrestrials and the Modern era, Extraterrestrial life - Scientific search for extraterrestrial life, Extraterrestrial life - Direct search, Extraterrestrial life - Indirect search, Extraterrestrial life - Extraterrestrial life in the Solar System, Extraterrestrial life - Dealing with extraterrestrial life, Extraterrestrial life - Related books and media

Read more here: » Extraterrestrial life: Encyclopedia II - Extraterrestrial life - Extraterrestrial life in the Solar System

For the most part, most western literature and cinema on the apocalypse or in a post-apocalyptic setting tend to follow American mores, with the exception of British apocalyptic fiction. While American and Western apocalyptic and postapocalyptic fiction tend to emphasize the fantastic, with the possiblity of world-ending meteor collisions, mutants, and jury-rigged vehicles roaming a desolate countryside, British fiction is more pessimistic in tone. Post-apocalyptic literature was not as widespread in Communist countries as the governm ...

See also:

Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Cultural views on apocalyptic fiction, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Criticism, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Examples listed by nature of the catastrophe, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - World War III nuclear, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Pandemic, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Astronomic impact meteorites, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Alien invasion, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Ecological catastrophe, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Cybernetic revolt, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - The decline and fall of the human race, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - After the fall of space-based civilization, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - The Sun's expansion, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Religious and supernatural apocalypse Eschatological fiction, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Various, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - To be categorized

Read more here: » Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction: Encyclopedia II - Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Cultural views on apocalyptic fiction

Anarchy Online - The Notum Wars. Anarchy Online received its first major upgrade, labeled a "booster pack", by Funcom in late November 2002. This expansion introduced one of the major components of the game's PvP system, the towers. In this expansion, players and their organizations (AO's name for player guilds) became capable of building towers on specific land areas across Rubi-Ka, for the purposes of mining notum. These towers included a central controller and a vast array of defensive towers, which typically ...

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Anarchy Online, Anarchy Online - The Story, Anarchy Online - Content, Anarchy Online - Release, Anarchy Online - Expansions, Anarchy Online - The Notum Wars, Anarchy Online - The Shadowlands, Anarchy Online - Alien Invasion, Anarchy Online - Lost Eden, Anarchy Online - Other Notes

Read more here: » Anarchy Online: Encyclopedia II - Anarchy Online - Expansions

The use of post-apocalyptic contexts in movies and the typical accompanying imagery, such as endless deserts or damaged cityscapes, clothing made of leather and animal skin, and marauding gangs of bandits, is now common and the subject of frequent parody. The number of apocalyptic-themed B-movies in the 1980s and 1990s has been attributed to film producers on post-apocalyptic films working around their low production budgets by renting scrapyards, unused factories, and abandoned buildings, saving them the cost of constructing sets. As ...

See also:

Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Cultural views on apocalyptic fiction, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Criticism, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Examples listed by nature of the catastrophe, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - World War III nuclear, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Pandemic, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Astronomic impact meteorites, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Alien invasion, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Ecological catastrophe, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Cybernetic revolt, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - The decline and fall of the human race, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - After the fall of space-based civilization, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - The Sun's expansion, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Religious and supernatural apocalypse Eschatological fiction, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Various, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - To be categorized

Read more here: » Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction: Encyclopedia II - Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Criticism

Fitzmaurice was son of Maurice Fitzjohn a Totane, brother of the 13th Earl of Desmond, and Julia O'Mulryan of County Tipperary, making him nephew of the 14th Earl and cousin of Gerald Fitzgerald, 15th Earl of Desmond. Upon the death of the 13th Earl his father had been granted the barony of Kerricurrihy by the earl's successor, but the 15th Earl fell out with Totane and wars were fought between the families. Following his defeat by Sir Thomas Butler, 3rd Earl of Ormonde, at the Battle of Affane in 1565, the 15th Earl and his brother, ...

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James FitzMaurice FitzGerald, James FitzMaurice FitzGerald - Early Life, James FitzMaurice FitzGerald - Alienation from Desmond, James FitzMaurice FitzGerald - Continental Intrigue, James FitzMaurice FitzGerald - Invasion of Ireland, James FitzMaurice FitzGerald - Legacy

Read more here: » James FitzMaurice FitzGerald: Encyclopedia II - James FitzMaurice FitzGerald - Early Life

At the end of 1568 the absent Earl of Desmond granted Sir Warham St Leger a lease of the barony of Kerricurrihy, which cast Fitzmaurice's inheritance into confusion. In 1569 the lord deputy of Ireland, Sir Henry Sidney, was informed by Fitzmaurice that he had assembled the people of Desmond to tell them that the lord deputy was unable to procure the release of the captive earl, who would be executed or perpetually imprisoned, and that the people should proclaim a new earl or captain: with one voice, the people were said to have cried out for ...

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James FitzMaurice FitzGerald, James FitzMaurice FitzGerald - Early Life, James FitzMaurice FitzGerald - Alienation from Desmond, James FitzMaurice FitzGerald - Continental Intrigue, James FitzMaurice FitzGerald - Invasion of Ireland, James FitzMaurice FitzGerald - Legacy

Read more here: » James FitzMaurice FitzGerald: Encyclopedia II - James FitzMaurice FitzGerald - Alienation from Desmond

For the most part, western literature and cinema on the apocalypse or in a post-apocalyptic setting tend to follow American mores, with the exception of British apocalyptic fiction. While American and Western apocalyptic and postapocalyptic fiction tend to emphasize the fantastic, with the possiblity of world-ending meteor collisions, mutants, and jury-rigged vehicles roaming a desolate countryside, British fiction is more pessimistic in tone. Post-apocalyptic literature was not as widespread in Communist countries as the government p ...

See also:

Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Cultural views on apocalyptic fiction, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Criticism, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Examples listed by nature of the catastrophe, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - World War III nuclear, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Pandemic, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Astronomic impact meteorites, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Alien invasion, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Ecological catastrophe, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Cybernetic revolt, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - The decline and fall of the human race, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - After the fall of space-based civilization, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - The Sun's expansion, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Religious and supernatural apocalypse Eschatological fiction, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Various, Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - To be categorized

Read more here: » Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction: Encyclopedia II - Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - Cultural views on apocalyptic fiction

Players must choose whether they wish to join either the Clans, Omni-Tek corporation or the Neutrals. In addition, a breed and profession must be chosen. The available breeds include Solitus, Opifex, Nano (also known as Nanomage) and Atrox, while the professions include Adventurer, Agent, Bureaucrat, Doctor, Enforcer, Engineer, Fixer, Keeper, Martial Artist, Meta Physicist, Nano Technician, Shade, Soldier and Trader. Each breed and profession has its own strengths and weaknesses which combine to create a unique character with its own special abilities and short-comings. A player must decide what type of character is des ...

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Anarchy Online, Anarchy Online - The Story, Anarchy Online - Content, Anarchy Online - Release, Anarchy Online - Expansions, Anarchy Online - The Notum Wars, Anarchy Online - The Shadowlands, Anarchy Online - Alien Invasion, Anarchy Online - Lost Eden, Anarchy Online - Other Notes

Read more here: » Anarchy Online: Encyclopedia II - Anarchy Online - Content

Alien species can sometimes wreak havoc on their new ecosystem, since, in many cases, the local predators do not hunt them and so they will have no natural enemy. In some cases, people deliberately introduce the matching predator, with equally disastrous effects. The introduction of alien species must therefore be prevented as much as possible. This can be difficult. For example, many marine species travel thousands of kilometers in the ballast water of ocean vessels, which are emptied at the destination port, leaving alienSee also:

Alien biology, Alien biology - Definition, Alien biology - Problems

Read more here: » Alien biology: Encyclopedia II - Alien biology - Problems

Seven official Commander Keen games were released for the PC under MS-DOS. Many are considered "episodes" that were available separately. Under the shareware model, usually the first episode was available at no charge. Commander Keen - Commander Keen in Invasion of the Vorticons. 1. "Marooned on Mars" (first released as shareware on December 14, 1990) While Commander Keen is exploring Mars, the Vorticons steal four vital components of his ship and hide them in Martian cities, e ...

See also:

Commander Keen, Commander Keen - History, Commander Keen - The story, Commander Keen - The Keen games, Commander Keen - Commander Keen in Invasion of the Vorticons, Commander Keen - Interlude, Commander Keen - Commander Keen in Goodbye Galaxy!, Commander Keen - Commander Keen in Aliens Ate My Babysitter, Commander Keen - Commander Keen GBC, Commander Keen - Cancelled games, Commander Keen - Keen in other games, Commander Keen - Fan-made Keen games

Read more here: » Commander Keen: Encyclopedia II - Commander Keen - The Keen games

John Carmack, a game programmer at Softdisk, found a trick that would allow smooth-scrolling graphics in PC games, but only with the 16-color EGA graphics card. Softdisk rejected the technology because they wanted to continue to support customers who only had 4-color CGA cards. Carmack and his Softdisk colleague Tom Hall used their own time to put together a clone of the first level of Super Mario Bros. 3, except for the hero, which they replaced with Dangerous Dave, a character from some of their games for Softdisk. The ...

See also:

Commander Keen, Commander Keen - History, Commander Keen - The story, Commander Keen - The Keen games, Commander Keen - Commander Keen in Invasion of the Vorticons, Commander Keen - Interlude, Commander Keen - Commander Keen in Goodbye Galaxy!, Commander Keen - Commander Keen in Aliens Ate My Babysitter, Commander Keen - Commander Keen GBC, Commander Keen - Cancelled games, Commander Keen - Keen in other games, Commander Keen - Fan-made Keen games

Read more here: » Commander Keen: Encyclopedia II - Commander Keen - History

Commander Keen made a cameo appearance in level 32 (a secret level) of Doom II, a later id game. He was displayed as hanged with a noose and the player could shoot him, making him explode in blood. This has been interpreted as id pronouncing Keen "dead": in other words, it is presumed that they do not intend to continue producing Keen games. Keen also appeared as a hostage in Apogee's Bio Menace. Other elements from Keen can be found in the Apogee games Paganitzu, Crystal Caves, Cosmo's Cosmic Adventure< ...

See also:

Commander Keen, Commander Keen - History, Commander Keen - The story, Commander Keen - The Keen games, Commander Keen - Commander Keen in Invasion of the Vorticons, Commander Keen - Interlude, Commander Keen - Commander Keen in Goodbye Galaxy!, Commander Keen - Commander Keen in Aliens Ate My Babysitter, Commander Keen - Commander Keen GBC, Commander Keen - Cancelled games, Commander Keen - Keen in other games, Commander Keen - Fan-made Keen games

Read more here: » Commander Keen: Encyclopedia II - Commander Keen - Keen in other games

Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction - World War III nuclear. The Japanese manga and 1988 anime film Akira by Katsuhiro Otomo Alas, Babylon, a 1959 novel about the aftermath of nuclear war The Amtrak Wars epic novel series by Patrick Tilley Ape and Essence, a screenplay-novel by Aldous Huxley Apokalipsa wedlug Pana Jana - Robert J. Szmidt's novel Autobahn nach Poznan - Andrzej Ziemianski's short story

Commander Keen made a cameo appearance in level 32 (a secret level) of Doom II, a later id game. He was displayed as hanged with a noose and the player could shoot him, making him explode in blood and authentic PC speaker sound effects. This has been interpreted as id pronouncing Keen "dead": in other words, it is presumed that they do not intend to continue producing Keen games. Keen also appeared as a hostage in Apogee's Bio Menace. Other elements from Keen can be found in the Apogee games Paganitzu, Crystal ...

See also:

Commander Keen, Commander Keen - History, Commander Keen - The story, Commander Keen - The Keen games, Commander Keen - Commander Keen in Invasion of the Vorticons, Commander Keen - Interlude, Commander Keen - Commander Keen in Goodbye Galaxy!, Commander Keen - Commander Keen in Aliens Ate My Babysitter, Commander Keen - Commander Keen GBC, Commander Keen - Cancelled games, Commander Keen - Keen in other games, Commander Keen - Fan-made Keen games

Read more here: » Commander Keen: Encyclopedia II - Commander Keen - Keen in other games