Alexandru cel Bun

Alexandru cel Bun expanded the bureaucratical system by creating the "Council of the Voivod", the Chancellory and by adding the institution of Logofăt - Chancellor of the official Chancellery (in 1403). During his reign, he introduced new fiscal laws, by adding commercial privileges to the traders of Lviv (1408) and Krakow (1409), improved the situation of the trading routes (especially the one linking the port of Cetatea Albă to Poland), strengthened the forts guarding them, and expanded th ...

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Alexandru cel Bun, Alexandru cel Bun - Internal Politics, Alexandru cel Bun - External Affairs, Alexandru cel Bun - Life, Alexandru cel Bun - External link

Read more here: » Alexandru cel Bun: Encyclopedia II - Alexandru cel Bun - Internal Politics

Chernivtsi (Ukrainian: Чернівці; Romanian: Cernăuţi; German: Czernowitz or Tschernowitz; Polish: Czerniowce; Hungarian: Csernovic; Yiddish: Tshernovits; Russian: Черновцы́, Chernovtsy) is a city in Northern Bukovina, Ukraine, capital of the Chernivtsi Oblast. Chernivtsi - History. See also Bukovina#History Archeological data prove that the Chernivtsi area was populated from neolithi ...

Including:

• Chernivtsi - History
• Chernivtsi - Population
• Chernivtsi - Personalities
• Chernivtsi - Natives
• Chernivtsi - Residents

Read more here: » Chernivtsi: Encyclopedia - Chernivtsi

Vlad III Dracula (also known as Vlad Ţepeş IPA: /'tsepeʃ/ in Romanian or Vlad the Impaler) (November/December, 1431 – December 1476) reigned as Voivode (Prince) of Wallachia in 1448, 1456 to 1462 and 1476. He was born in Sighişoara, a small town in Transylvania. He led an independent policy in relation to the Ottoman Empire. He is known in Turkish as Kaziglu Bey, or "the Impaler Prince", and is ...

Including:

• Vlad III Dracula - Background and family
• Vlad III Dracula - The life of Vlad III
• Vlad III Dracula - Alledged atrocities
• Vlad III Dracula - Anecdotal evidence
• Vlad III Dracula - Nine anecdotes
• Vlad III Dracula - The vampire myth and the Romanian attitudes

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The Tighina Fortress was first mentioned as an important customs post in a commerce grant issued by Moldavian hospodar Alexandru cel Bun to merchants from Lvov on October 8, 1408. The document is written in Old East Slavic and the place is named "Тягянакача" (Tyagyanakacha). The name Tighina is seen in documents since the second half of the 15th century. In 1538, the Ottoman sultan Suleiman the Magnificent conquered the fortress and renamed it Bender. In the 18th century, the fort's area was expanded and modern ...

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Tighina, Tighina - History, Tighina - Famous natives

Read more here: » Tighina: Encyclopedia II - Tighina - History

Archeological data prove that the Chernivtsi area was populated from neolithic times. Settlements of Trypillian culture and artifacts from Corded Ware culture, later Bronze and Iron ages are numerous in the city and surroundings. Cultural layer belonging to early Slavic tribes in Chernivtsi dates to 2nd - 5th centuries, settlements of Chroatian tribes and Tiverians from 9th - 11th centuries are present. A fortified settlement at the place of today's Chernivtsi (at the left shore of Prut river) existed already at the times of Principal ...

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Chernivtsi, Chernivtsi - History, Chernivtsi - Population, Chernivtsi - Personalities, Chernivtsi - Natives, Chernivtsi - Residents

Read more here: » Chernivtsi: Encyclopedia II - Chernivtsi - History

Around 1564, Prince Alexandru Lăpuşneanu moved the Moldavian capital from Suceava to Iaşi. Between 1561 and 1563, an excellent school and a Lutheran church were founded by the Greek adventurer, Jacob Basilicus. In 1640, Vasile Lupu established the first school in which the mother-tongue replaced Greek, and set up a printing press in the Byzantine church of the Three Hierarchs (built 1635–39). In 1643, the first printed book published in Moldavia was issued. Iaşi was burned down by the Tatars in 1513, by the Turks in 1538, by the Russians in 1686, and in 1734, ...

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Iaşi, Iaşi - Population, Iaşi - Ethnicity, Iaşi - Etymology, Iaşi - History, Iaşi - Jewish History of Iaşi, Iaşi - The Iaşi Pogrom, Iaşi - Attractions, Iaşi - Churches, Iaşi - Education science

Read more here: » Iaşi: Encyclopedia II - Iaşi - History

Stephen was born 1433 in Borzeşti, near the town of Bacǎu, as a member of the ruling Muşatin family. His father, Bogdan II, ruled Moldavia for 2 years (1449-1451) before being killed by Stephen's uncle, Petru Aron. Between 1451 and 1457, Moldavia was turmoiled by civilwar between Petru Aron and Alexǎndrel - a nephew of Alexandru cel Bun. Under this conflict, he took refuge to Transylvania and John Hunyadi. In 1456, he moved to the court of Dracula and in 1457, he received his help of 6,000 horsemen that he used to defeat Petru Aro ...

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Stephen III of Moldavia, Stephen III of Moldavia - Early life and rise to power

Read more here: » Stephen III of Moldavia: Encyclopedia II - Stephen III of Moldavia - Early life and rise to power

Much of the information we have about Vlad III comes from pamphlets published in Germany and chronicles written in Muscovy. The first known German pamphlet dates from 1488 and it is possible that some were printed during Dracula’s lifetime. At least initially, they may have been politically inspired. At that time Matthias Corvinus of Hungary was seeking to bolster his own reputation in the Holy Roman Empire and may have intended the early pamphlets as justification of his less than vigorous support of his vassal. The pamphlets were also a ...

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Vlad III Dracula, Vlad III Dracula - Wallachian royalty and the family background of Dracula, Vlad III Dracula - The life of Vlad III, Vlad III Dracula - Alleged atrocities, Vlad III Dracula - Anecdotal evidence, Vlad III Dracula - Nine anecdotes, Vlad III Dracula - The vampire myth and the Romanian attitudes

Read more here: » Vlad III Dracula: Encyclopedia II - Vlad III Dracula - Anecdotal evidence

Much of the information we have about Vlad III comes from pamphlets published in Germany and chronicles written in Muscovy. The first known German pamphlet dates from 1488 and it is possible that some were printed during Dracula’s lifetime. At least initially, they may have been politically inspired. At that time Matthias Corvinus of Hungary was seeking to bolster his own reputation in the Holy Roman Empire and may have intended the early pamphlets as justification of his less than vigorous support of his vassal. The pamphlets were also a ...

See also:

Vlad III Dracula, Vlad III Dracula - Background and family, Vlad III Dracula - The life of Vlad III, Vlad III Dracula - Alledged atrocities, Vlad III Dracula - Anecdotal evidence, Vlad III Dracula - Nine anecdotes, Vlad III Dracula - The vampire myth and the Romanian attitudes

Read more here: » Vlad III Dracula: Encyclopedia II - Vlad III Dracula - Anecdotal evidence

The city is about 300 km north of Bucharest. Bacău - By air. The city of Bacău is served by Bacău International Airport which provides daily direct links with Romanian cities Bucharest and Timişoara, and international links with 11 cities in Italy and Germany. Bacău - By train. The Bacău railway station (Gara Bacău) is one of the busiest in Romania; it has access to the Romanian railway magistral 500. Thus the city is connected to the main Romanian cities; the railway station is an important transit stop for in ...

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Bacău, Bacău - History, Bacău - Access / Transportation, Bacău - By air, Bacău - By train, Bacău - By road, Bacău - Sports, Bacău - Famous natives

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The crown of Wallachia was not passed automatically from father to son; instead, the leader was elected by the boyars, with the requirement that the Prince-elect be of princely lineage (os de domn - "of voivode bones", "of voivode marrow"), including out of wedlock births. This elective monarchy often resulted in instability, family disputes and assassinations. Eventually, the royal house split between two factions: the descendants of Prince Mircea the Elder, Dracula's grandfather; and those of another prince, Dan II (the D� ...

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Vlad III Dracula, Vlad III Dracula - Wallachian royalty and the family background of Dracula, Vlad III Dracula - The life of Vlad III, Vlad III Dracula - Alleged atrocities, Vlad III Dracula - Anecdotal evidence, Vlad III Dracula - Nine anecdotes, Vlad III Dracula - The vampire myth and the Romanian attitudes

Read more here: » Vlad III Dracula: Encyclopedia II - Vlad III Dracula - Wallachian royalty and the family background of Dracula

More than anything else, the historical Dracula is known for his inhuman cruelty. Impalement was Dracula's preferred method of torture and execution, which he had learned in his youth as a prisoner of the Turks. It was and is one of the most gruesome ways of dying ever imagined. Dracula usually had a horse attached to each of the victim's legs as a sharpened stake was gradually forced into the body. The end of the stake was usually oiled and care was taken that the stake not be too sharp; else the victim might die too rapidly from shock. Nor ...

See also:

Vlad III Dracula, Vlad III Dracula - Background and family, Vlad III Dracula - The life of Vlad III, Vlad III Dracula - Atrocities, Vlad III Dracula - Anecdotal evidence, Vlad III Dracula - Nine anecdotes, Vlad III Dracula - The vampire myth and the Romanian attitudes

Read more here: » Vlad III Dracula: Encyclopedia II - Vlad III Dracula - Atrocities

Vlad was born in the Transylvanian city of Sighişoara, during the winter of 1431. Although his native country was Wallachia to the south, the family were in exile as his father had been ousted by pro-Turkish boyars, united under a rival claimant to the throne, Alexandu, who was assisted by Ottoman regiments and Alexandu was now a vassal of the Turkish Sultan. In the same year as his birth, his father, Vlad Dracul, could be found in Nuremberg, wh ...

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Vlad III Dracula, Vlad III Dracula - Wallachian royalty and the family background of Dracula, Vlad III Dracula - The life of Vlad III, Vlad III Dracula - Alleged atrocities, Vlad III Dracula - Anecdotal evidence, Vlad III Dracula - Nine anecdotes, Vlad III Dracula - The vampire myth and the Romanian attitudes

Read more here: » Vlad III Dracula: Encyclopedia II - Vlad III Dracula - The life of Vlad III

More than anything else, the historical Dracula is known for his inhuman cruelty. Impalement was Dracula's preferred method of torture and execution, which he had learned in his youth as a prisoner of the Turks. It was and is one of the most gruesome ways of dying ever imagined. Dracula usually had a horse attached to each of the victim's legs as a sharpened stake was gradually forced into the body. The end of the stake was usually oiled and care was taken that the stake not be too sharp; else the victim might die too rapidly from shock. Nor ...

See also:

Vlad III Dracula, Vlad III Dracula - Wallachian royalty and the family background of Dracula, Vlad III Dracula - The life of Vlad III, Vlad III Dracula - Alleged atrocities, Vlad III Dracula - Anecdotal evidence, Vlad III Dracula - Nine anecdotes, Vlad III Dracula - The vampire myth and the Romanian attitudes

Read more here: » Vlad III Dracula: Encyclopedia II - Vlad III Dracula - Alleged atrocities

In 1930, according to the Romanian census, the population of the city was 26.8 % Jewish, 23,2% Romanians, 20.8% German 18.6% Ukrainians and 1.5% Russians. The population of the city, estimated in January 1, 1998, was approximately 295,000 residents. Among these, there are some 172,000 Ukrainians, 46,000 Russians, 16,000 Romanians, 13,000 Moldavians, 7,000 Poles, and others. According to the data of the All-Ukrainian population census of 2001 the population of Chernivtsi is approximately 236,700 people of 65 nationalities. Among ...

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Chernivtsi, Chernivtsi - History, Chernivtsi - Population, Chernivtsi - Personalities, Chernivtsi - Natives, Chernivtsi - Residents

Read more here: » Chernivtsi: Encyclopedia II - Chernivtsi - Population

More than anything else, the historical Dracula is known for his inhuman cruelty. Impalement was Dracula's preferred method of torture and execution, which he had learned in his youth as a prisoner of the Turks. It was and is one of the most gruesome ways of dying ever imagined. Dracula usually had a horse attached to each of the victim's legs as a sharpened stake was gradually forced into the body. The end of the stake was usually oiled and care was taken that the stake not be too sharp; else the victim might die too rapidly from shock. Nor ...

See also:

Vlad III Dracula, Vlad III Dracula - Background and family, Vlad III Dracula - The life of Vlad III, Vlad III Dracula - Alledged atrocities, Vlad III Dracula - Anecdotal evidence, Vlad III Dracula - Nine anecdotes, Vlad III Dracula - The vampire myth and the Romanian attitudes

Read more here: » Vlad III Dracula: Encyclopedia II - Vlad III Dracula - Alledged atrocities

Iaşi also figures prominently in Jewish history. Records of Jews exist from the 16th century, and by mid-19th century, the city was at least one-third Jewish. In 1855, it was the home of the first-ever Yiddish-language newspaper, Korot Haitim; in 1876 it was the site of what was arguably the first-ever professional Yiddish theater performance (See Abraham Goldfaden). By 1930 there were over 30,000 Jews and over 127 synagogues. After World War II, it played a prominent part in the revival of Yiddish culture in Romania: from 1949 to 1964. Iaşi was home to a second company of the State Jewish Thea ...

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Iaşi, Iaşi - Population, Iaşi - Ethnicity, Iaşi - Etymology, Iaşi - History, Iaşi - Jewish History of Iaşi, Iaşi - The Iaşi Pogrom, Iaşi - Attractions, Iaşi - Churches, Iaşi - Education science

Read more here: » Iaşi: Encyclopedia II - Iaşi - Jewish History of Iaşi

Vlad was born in the Transylvanian city of Sighişoara, during the winter of 1431. Although his native country was Wallachia to the south, the family were in exile as his father had been ousted by pro-Turkish boyars, united under a rival claimant to the throne, Alexandu, who was assisted by Ottoman regiments and Alexandu was now a vassal of the Turkish Sultan. In the same year as his birth, his father, Vlad Dracul, could be found in Nuremberg, where he was invested into ...

See also:

Vlad III Dracula, Vlad III Dracula - Background and family, Vlad III Dracula - The life of Vlad III, Vlad III Dracula - Alledged atrocities, Vlad III Dracula - Anecdotal evidence, Vlad III Dracula - Nine anecdotes, Vlad III Dracula - The vampire myth and the Romanian attitudes

Read more here: » Vlad III Dracula: Encyclopedia II - Vlad III Dracula - The life of Vlad III

Chernivtsi - Natives. Eusebius Mandyczewski Rose Ausländer Joseph Schmidt, born near Czernowitz Aharon Appelfeld Dan Pagis Traian Popovici Klieger Aliav Ruth Eugen Ehrlich Paul Celan, poet of the 20th century Octav Botnar Chernivtsi - Residents. Wilhelm Reich Jacob Frank Nathan Birnbaum Eric Roll Hermann Bahr Joseph Kalmer Fr ...

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Chernivtsi, Chernivtsi - History, Chernivtsi - Population, Chernivtsi - Personalities, Chernivtsi - Natives, Chernivtsi - Residents

Read more here: » Chernivtsi: Encyclopedia II - Chernivtsi - Personalities

Iaşi - Ethnicity. Romanians: 98.50% Roma (Gypsy): 0.59% ...

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Iaşi, Iaşi - Population, Iaşi - Ethnicity, Iaşi - Etymology, Iaşi - History, Iaşi - Jewish History of Iaşi, Iaşi - The Iaşi Pogrom, Iaşi - Attractions, Iaşi - Churches, Iaşi - Education science

Read more here: » Iaşi: Encyclopedia II - Iaşi - Population