Alevi

Alevis are adherents of a branch of Islam, related to Shia Islam (Although some Alevi's claim that it is a completly seperate religion form -and predates Islam) and practised mainly in (majority Sunni) Turkey, among both Turks, Zazas, and Kurds. Alevi - Alevis. Adherents of Alevism (in Turkish Alevîlik) are called Alevis. The exact number of Alevis is not known, with estimates varying from 20 to 30% of the population of Turkey alone, i.e. 14-21 million believers in Turkey, with perhaps as man ...

Including:

• Alevi - Alevis
• Alevi - People
• Alevi - Belief
• Alevi - Historical
• Alevi - Recent History
• Alevi - Music and Poetry
• Alevi - Name
• Alevi - Literature

Read more here: » Alevi: Encyclopedia - Alevi

Alevis are followers of the Twelvers, a Shia sect. Belief in Allah is varied. Though some accept the idea of a personal creator, many believe that Allah is merely the good in man. This is expressed by the Alevi saying "insan Hakta Hak insanda" (man is in God, God is in man). While the Sunnis follow the four caliphs Omar, Uthman, Abu Bakr and Ali, the Alevis recognize only one of the caliphs, Ali ibn Abi Talib and his two sons, Imam Hussain and Imam Has ...

See also:

Alevi, Alevi - Alevis, Alevi - People, Alevi - Belief, Alevi - Historical, Alevi - Recent History, Alevi - Music and Poetry, Alevi - Name, Alevi - Literature

Read more here: » Alevi: Encyclopedia II - Alevi - Belief

Religious humanism, is an integration of religious rituals with humanistic philosophy that centers on human needs, interests, and abilities. The two basic approaches to religious humanism are from a humanist viewpoint that incorporates religious ritual, and from a revealed religious tradition with a humanist influence. Religious humanism - Humanist traditions. As originally conceived in the early 20th century, humanism rejected revealed knowledge, theism-based morality and the supernatural. Yet many of the ...

Including:

• Religious humanism - Humanist traditions
• Religious humanism - Spiritual Humanism
• Religious humanism - Revealed religious traditions

Read more here: » Religious humanism: Encyclopedia - Religious humanism

Islam History of Islam Oneness of God Profession of Faith Prayer • Fasting Pilgrimage • Charity Muhammad Ali • Abu Bakr Companions of Muhammad Household of Muhammad Prophets of Islam Qur'an • Hadith • Sharia Jurisprudence • Theology Biographies of Muhammad Sunni • Shi'a • Sufi Art • Architecture Cities • Calendar Science � ...

Including:

• Ali - Birth
• Ali - Early life
• Ali - Ali in Medina
• Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE
• Ali - Inheritance
• Ali - Succession to the caliphate
• Ali - Caliphate
• Ali - Death
• Ali - Descendants
• Ali - Legacy
• Ali - Muslim view

Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia - Ali

Theologically, Alawites today claim to be Twelver Shiites, but traditionally they have been designated as "extremists" (Arabic غلاة ghulat) and outside the bounds of Islam by the Muslim mainstream for their high level of devotion to Ali ibn Abi Talib. They have only one holy book, the Qur'an, but insist that without knowledge of the family of Muhammad, the Qur'an cannot be properly interpreted. Alawites study the book of Jafaar al-Saadaq (al-hefat al-shariif) which has been translated into French and printed. This was done ...

See also:

Alawite, Alawite - History, Alawite - Religion, Alawite - Population, Alawite - Notes

Read more here: » Alawite: Encyclopedia II - Alawite - Religion

Ali is respected not only as a warrior and leader, but as a writer and religious leader. The most famous collection of Ali's speeches and letters is the Peak of Eloquence (Arabic: Nahj al-Balāgha). A few famous quotes from it include: Inability is a disaster; patience is bravery; abstinence is a treasure, self-restraint is a shield; and the best companion is submission to Divine Will. Socialize with people in such a manner that when you die, they should weep for you and as long as you live, they should ...

See also:

Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view

Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Legacy

Bektashism is a Sufi order and shares much in common with other Islamic mystical movements, such as the need for an experienced spiritual guide (murshid) مرشد, the doctrine of the four gates (Shari'ah شريعة, Tariqah طريقة, Ma'rifah معرفة, Haqiqah حقيقة). Bektashism places much emphasis on the concept of Wahdat-ul-Wujood وحدة الوجود, the "Unity of Being" that was formulated by Ibn Arabi. This has often been erroneously labeled by Westerners as pantheism, although it is a concept closer to panent ...

See also:

Bektashi, Bektashi - Beliefs, Bektashi - History, Bektashi - Poetry and literature, Bektashi - Notes

Read more here: » Bektashi: Encyclopedia II - Bektashi - Beliefs

As originally conceived in the early 20th century, humanism rejected revealed knowledge, theism-based morality and the supernatural. Yet many of the founders of the humanist philosophical movement envisioned it as a religion, with all of the functions, rituals, and moral guidance that revealed religions traditionally provided. In the late 20th century the humanist movement came into conflict with conservative Christian groups in the United States and "Secular Humanism" became the most visible element of organized humanism. ...

See also:

Religious humanism, Religious humanism - Humanist traditions, Religious humanism - Spiritual Humanism, Religious humanism - Revealed religious traditions

Read more here: » Religious humanism: Encyclopedia II - Religious humanism - Humanist traditions

Ali's father, Abu Talib, was a member of the powerful tribe of the Quraysh, and an uncle to the young Muhammad. When Muhammad was orphaned and then lost his grandfather, Abu Talib took Muhammad into his house. Ali and Muhammad were thus cousins, raised as brothers, with Ali in the role of a younger brother, looking up to Muhammad, and ready to follow his lead. Later, when Muhammad married Khadijah, Ali went to live in Muhammad's household. When Muhammad reported that he had received a divine revelation, a claim that was initially greeted with derision, Ali, then only about ten years old, be ...

See also:

Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view

Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Early life

Islam History of Islam Oneness of God Profession of Faith Prayer • Fasting Pilgrimage • Charity Muhammad Ali • Abu Bakr Companions of Muhammad Household of Muhammad Prophets of Islam Qur'an • Hadith • Sharia Jurisprudence • Theology Biographies of Muhammad Sunni ...

Including:

• Alawite - History
• Alawite - Religion
• Alawite - Population

Read more here: » Alawite: Encyclopedia - Alawite

(Turkish: Yurtta Barış, Dünyada Barış) The Republic of Turkey or Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye), is a bicontinental country located mainly in Asia Minor, with 3% of its land located in the Balkans. Its strategic location straddles the Bosphorus straits that separate Southwest Asia from Southeast Europe. The Anatolian peninsula comprises nearly all of its territory, and is situated between the Black Sea on the north and the Mediterranean Sea to south, with the Aegean Sea and Marmara Sea (both branches of the Medit ...

Including:

• Turkey - History
• Turkey - Politics
• Turkey - Legal System
• Turkey - Foreign Relations
• Turkey - Military
• Turkey - Geography
• Turkey - Economy
• Turkey - Agriculture
• Turkey - Industrial sector
• Turkey - Service sector
• Turkey - Financial sector
• Turkey - Natural resources
• Turkey - Employment
• Turkey - Society
• Turkey - Demographics
• Turkey - Education
• Turkey - Culture
• Turkey - Religion
• Turkey - Gallery
• Turkey - Miscellaneous Topics

Read more here: » Turkey: Encyclopedia - Turkey

In 656 CE, the third caliph Uthman, was murdered in his own house while reading the Qur'an, in Medina, by rebellious Muslim soldiers. Medina, now a large city and the capital of an empire stretching from Africa to Central Asia, fell into chaos. In the crisis, some Muslims turned to Ali, who had been for years a faithful and steady lieutenant of Muhammad and his successors, and urged him to seek the caliphate. Ali at first refused. He is said to have been horrified by the assassination of Uthman, and did not wish to appear to be profiting from the situation. But his supporters persevered, and A ...

See also:

Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view

Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Succession to the caliphate

Zaza people are an ethnic minority in eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Zazas primarily live in Adiyaman, Bingol, Diyarbakir, Elazig, Erzurum, Erzincan, Gumushane, Sivas, and Tunceli provinces. Zaza people - Demographics. The exact number of Zaza people is unknown, due to an absence of recent and extensive census analysis. The fact that some Zazas have mixed into other regional ethnic groups has also contributed to the uncertainty. It is hardly amazing that many Zazas live outside their homeland. Apart from wides ...

Including:

• Zaza people - Demographics
• Zaza people - Historic Roots of the Zaza People
• Zaza people - Religion
• Zaza people - Language
• Zaza people - Recent Situation of Zaza People

Read more here: » Zaza people: Encyclopedia - Zaza people

Traditionally Alawites live in the mountains along the Mediterranean coast of Syria; Latakia and Tartous are the region's principal cities. Alawites are also concentrated in the plains around Hama and Homs. Today Alawites also live in all major cities of Syria. They were never estimated at more than 11% of the Syrian population. Before 1953, they had reserved seats in the Syrian Parliament, like all other religious communities. After that, including for the 1960 census, there were only general Muslim and Christian categories, without mention of subgroups in order to re ...

See also:

Alawite, Alawite - History, Alawite - Religion, Alawite - Population, Alawite - Notes

Read more here: » Alawite: Encyclopedia II - Alawite - Population

The Bektashi order was widespread in the Ottoman Empire, their lodges being scattered throughout Anatolia as well as many parts of Balkans and the imperial city of Istanbul. With the abolition of Janissaries, the Bektashi order was banned throughout Ottoman Empire by Sultan Mahmud II in 1826. This decision was supported by the Sunni religious elite as well as the leaders of other, more orthodox, Sufi orders. Bektashi tekkes were closed and their dervishes were exiled. Bektashis slowly regained freedom with the coming of the Tanzimat era. How ...

See also:

Bektashi, Bektashi - Beliefs, Bektashi - History, Bektashi - Poetry and literature, Bektashi - Notes

Read more here: » Bektashi: Encyclopedia II - Bektashi - History

The origin of the Alawites is disputed. According to some sources, they were originally Nusayri, a sect that broke ties with Twelver Shiites in the 9th century. The Alawites trace their origins to the eleventh Shia Imam, Hasan al Askari (d.873), and his pupil Ibn Nusayr (d.868). Nusayr proclaimed himself the "bab" or door (representative) of the 11th Imam. The sect seems to have been organised by a follower of Ibn Nusayr's known as al-Khasibi who died in Aleppo in about 969. Al-Khasibi's grandson al-Tabarani moved to Latakia on the Sy ...

See also:

Alawite, Alawite - History, Alawite - Religion, Alawite - Population, Alawite - Notes

Read more here: » Alawite: Encyclopedia II - Alawite - History

Ali was born in Mecca, in the Hijaz region of central western Arabia, sometime around 599 CE (the year is only an approximation). Shi'a Muslims believe that Ali was born inside the Kaaba, the most sacred site in Islam. Most, if not all, Sunni do not accept this tradition; non-Muslim historians do not even discuss it. See also: People reported to be born in the Kaaba and Birthplace of Ali ibn Abi Talib Ali was given an auspicious name, which Shi'a Muslims say is derived from one of 99 Names of God, ...

See also:

Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view

Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Birth

Muhammad had been ailing for some time, but seemed to have recovered somewhat. He left his house to take part in prayers at the mosque, then returned to his quarters and died. While Ali and the rest of Muhammad's close family were washing the prophet's body for burial, a gathering of Muslims at Saqifah swore allegiance to Abu Bakr as the new leader of the Muslim community. Ali had many friends, followers and supporters who believed that Ali should have succeeded Muhammad, as Ali was one of Muhammad's closest assistants, his cousin and son-in-law, and a well-respected leader. Yet Ali had not even been told of the meeting, n ...

See also:

Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view

Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE

In the past, humanist versions of major religions, such as Christian humanism, Humanistic Judaism and Islamic humanism played an important role in world history. Currently, however, humanism is dominated almost exclusively by secular humanism. This has given rise to a newer version of humanist religions which are similar in philosophy to secular humanism. Secular humanists and revealed religious humanists primarily differ in their definition of religion and their positions on supernatural beliefs. They can also diverge in practice since r ...

See also:

Religious humanism, Religious humanism - Humanist traditions, Religious humanism - Spiritual Humanism, Religious humanism - Revealed religious traditions

Read more here: » Religious humanism: Encyclopedia II - Religious humanism - Revealed religious traditions

The small community of Muslim immigrants in Medina, the Muhajirun, were at first extremely poor. They had no land, no houses, and lived on the charity of the Madinans who had converted to Islam (the Ansar). They hired themselves out for labor and raided Meccan caravans. Ali shared in all the labor and hardships of the community. Ali first distinguished himself as a warrior in 624 CE, at the Battle of Badr. He defeated the Banu Umayyed champion Walid ibn Utba as well as many other Meccan soldiers. He was publicly praised ...

See also:

Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view

Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Ali in Medina