Alcibiades

Alcibiades Cleiniou Scambonides (also Alkibiades) (ancient Greek: Αλκιβιαδες Κλεινιου Σκαμβωνιδες)¹ (c. 450 BC–404 BC) was an Athenian general and politician. Alcibiades - Life. Alcibiades was born in Athens, the son of Cleinias and Deinomache, who belonged to the family of the Alcmaeonidae. He was a near relative of Pericles, who, after the death of Cleinias at the Battle of Coronea (447 BC), became his guardian. Thus early deprived of his father's control, possessed of grea ...

Including:

• Alcibiades - Life
• Alcibiades - Sources about the life of Alcibiades
• Alcibiades - Notes

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Alcibiades was born in Athens, the son of Cleinias and Deinomache, who belonged to the family of the Alcmaeonidae. He was a near relative of Pericles, who, after the death of Cleinias at the Battle of Coronea (447 BC), became his guardian. Thus early deprived of his father's control, possessed of great personal beauty and the heir to great wealth, which was increased by his marriage, he showed himself self-willed, capricious and passionate, and indulged in the most insolent behaviour. Nor did the instructors of his early manhood supply the c ...

See also:

Alcibiades, Alcibiades - Life, Alcibiades - Sources about the life of Alcibiades, Alcibiades - Notes

Read more here: » Alcibiades: Encyclopedia II - Alcibiades - Life

At the battle, the Boeotians faced off against a group of Athenians led by Hippocrates. The Boeotians charged down a hill at the Athenian army, while the Athenians, having been surprised by their sudden appearance, got themselves together and charged up the hill. On the Boeotian left were men from the town of Thespiae. On their right, Pagondas had placed his own Thebans. Remarkably though, he chose to stack his Thebans twenty-five shields deep, rather than the standard eight, to give them more pushing-power and pu ...

See also:

Pagondas, Pagondas - Biographical information, Pagondas - Delium, Pagondas - Aftereffects

Read more here: » Pagondas: Encyclopedia II - Pagondas - Delium

Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 460s BC 450s BC 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC - 410s BC - 400s BC 390s BC 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 416 BC 415 BC 414 BC 413 BC 412 BC - 411 BC - 410 BC 409 BC 408 BC 407 BC 406 BC 411 BC - Events. The Four Hundred take over in Athens, abolishing the democracy, but their rule lasts only four months. Alcibiades returns to Athens. Battle of Cynossema - The Athenian fleet under Thrasybulus and Thrasylus defeats the Spartan fleet. The anti-war comedy Lys ...

Including:

• 411 BC - Events
• 411 BC - Births
• 411 BC - Deaths

Read more here: » 411 BC: Encyclopedia - 411 BC

Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 460s BC 450s BC 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC - 410s BC - 400s BC 390s BC 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 415 BC 414 BC 413 BC 412 BC 411 BC - 410 BC - 409 BC 408 BC 407 BC 406 BC 405 BC 410 BC - Events. Battle of Cyzicus - Alcibiades annihilates the Spartan fleet. Oligarchic revolt in Corcyra is unsuccessful. Carthage's Iberian colonies revolt With the support of 50 retainers, Evagoras re-establishes his family's claim as kings of Salamis. Including:

• 410 BC - Events
• 410 BC - Births
• 410 BC - Deaths

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Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 460s BC 450s BC 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC - 410s BC - 400s BC 390s BC 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC Years: 420 BC 419 BC 418 BC 417 BC 416 BC - 415 BC - 414 BC 413 BC 412 BC 411 BC 410 BC 415 BC - Events. End of the Peace of Nicias Beginning of the Athenian military expedition to Sicily Athenian politician Alcibiades is condemned to death and flees to Sparta Melos, refusing the A ...

Including:

• 415 BC - Events
• 415 BC - Births
• 415 BC - Deaths

Read more here: » 415 BC: Encyclopedia - 415 BC

Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 460s BC 450s BC 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC - 410s BC - 400s BC 390s BC 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC Years: 421 BC 420 BC 419 BC 418 BC 417 BC - 416 BC - 415 BC 414 BC 413 BC 412 BC 411 BC 416 BC - Events. Alcibiades is restored to power 416 BC - Births. Including:

• 416 BC - Events
• 416 BC - Births
• 416 BC - Deaths

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Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 500s BC 490s BC 480s BC 470s BC 460s BC - 450s BC - 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC 400s BC Years: 455 BC 454 BC 453 BC 452 BC 451 BC - 450 BC - 449 BC 448 BC 447 BC 446 BC 445 BC 450 BC - Events. Battle of Salamis - Athenians under Cimon defeat the Persian fleet. Perdiccas II succeeds Alexander I as king of Macedonia (approximate date) 450 BC - Births. Alcibiades, Athenian gen ...

Including:

• 450 BC - Events
• 450 BC - Births
• 450 BC - Deaths

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Socrates (June 4, ca. 470 BC – May 7, 399 BC) (Greek Σωκράτης Sōkrátēs; invariably anglicized as IPA: /'sɒkɹətiːz/ Sǒcratēs) was a Greek (Athenian) philosopher. Socrates - His character. The character of Socrates provides an illustration of a historical conundrum. If Socrates ever wrote a single word, it has not survived. As such, the entirety of modern knowledge concerning Socra ...

Including:

• Socrates - His character
• Socrates - Trial and Death
• Socrates - Philosophy
• Socrates - Socratic method
• Socrates - Philosophical beliefs
• Socrates - Satirical playwrights
• Socrates - Prose sources
• Socrates - The Socratic Dialogues

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Agesilaus II, or Agesilaos II (Greek Ἀγησιλάος), king of Sparta, of the Eurypontid family, was the son of Archidamus II and Eupolia, and younger step-brother of Agis II, whom he succeeded about 401 BC. Agis had, indeed, a son Leotychides, but he was set aside as illegitimate, current rumour representing him as the son of Alcibiades. Agesilaus' success was largely due to Lysander, who hoped to find in him a willing tool for the furtherance of his political designs; in this hope, however, Lysander was disappointed, and the incr ...

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Hermēs (pronounced HUR-mees; Greek: Έρμης: "pile of marker stones"), in Greek mythology, is the god of boundaries and of the travelers who cross them, of shepherds and cowherds, of orators, literature and poets, of athletics, of weights and measures and invention and commerce in general, of the cunning of thieves. As a translator, he is the messenger from the gods to humans. A lucky find was a hermaion. An interpreter who bridges the boundaries with strangers is a hermeneus. Hermes gives us our word "hermeneutics" for the art of interpreting hidden meaning. ...

Including:

• Hermes - Cult
• Hermes - Hermai
• Hermes - Hermes' iconography
• Hermes - Birth
• Hermes - Hermēs' offspring
• Hermes - Abderus
• Hermes - Autolycus
• Hermes - Hermaphroditus
• Hermes - Priapus
• Hermes - Other stories
• Hermes - Herse/Aglaulus/Pandrosus
• Hermes - Argus/Io
• Hermes - Other roles
• Hermes - Hermes in Islamic tradition

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Proclus Lycaeus (February 8, 412 – April 17, 485), surnamed "The Successor" or "diadochos" (Greek Πρόκλος ὁ Διάδοχος Próklos ho Diádokhos), was a Greek Neoplatonist philosopher, and considered the last major Greek philosopher, whose influence was felt throughout the Roman provinces, Byzantium, and in translation, by the later Islamic philosophers. Proclus - Biography. Proclis was born 410 or 411 CE (his birth year is deduced from a horoscope cast by a disciple, Marinus, and hen ...

Including:

• Proclus - Biography
• Proclus - Works
• Proclus - Bibliography

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Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 450s BC 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC - 400s BC - 390s BC 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC Years: 409 BC 408 BC 407 BC 406 BC 405 BC - 404 BC - 403 BC 402 BC 401 BC 400 BC 399 BC 404 BC - Events. Athens capitulates to Sparta. This marks the end of the Peloponnesian War. Amyrtaeus declares himself king of Egypt, revolting against his Persian overlords. This is considered the end of the Twenty-seventh Dynasty and the start of Twenty-eighth Dynasty. Artaxerxes II succeeds his ...

Including:

• 404 BC - Events
• 404 BC - Births
• 404 BC - Deaths

Read more here: » 404 BC: Encyclopedia - 404 BC

Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 450s BC 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC - 400s BC - 390s BC 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC Years: 412 BC 411 BC 410 BC 409 BC 408 BC - 407 BC - 406 BC 405 BC 404 BC 403 BC 402 BC 407 BC - Events. Alcibiades returns to Athens and is elected general. Thrasybulus recaptures Abdera and Thasos. The Spartan commander Lysander starts building a fleet at Ephesus. Lysander defeats the Athenian fleet off Notium. 407 BC - Births. Including:

• 407 BC - Events
• 407 BC - Births
• 407 BC - Deaths

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The Battle of Potidaea was, with the Battle of Sybota, one of the catalysts for the Peloponnesian War. It was fought near Potidaea in 432 BC between Athens and a combined army from Corinth and Potidaea, along with their various allies. Potidaea was a colony of Corinth on the Chalcidice peninsula, but was a member of the Delian League and paid tribute to Athens. After Sybota, Athens demanded that Potidaea pull down part of its walls, expel Corinthian ambassadors, and send hostages to Athens. Athens was afraid that Potidaea would revolt due to Corinthian or Macedonian influence, as Perdiccas II of Macedon was ...

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Chariot racing was one of the most popular ancient Greek and Roman sports. Chariot racing - Early chariot racing. It is unknown exactly where chariotracing began, but it may have been as old as chariots themselves. It is known from artistic evidence on pottery that the sport existed in the Mycenaean world, but the first literary reference to a chariot race is the one described by Homer in Book 23 of the Iliad, at the funeral games of Patroclus. The participants in this race were Diomedes, Eumelus, Antilochu ...

Including:

• Chariot racing - Early chariot racing
• Chariot racing - The Olympic Games
• Chariot racing - Roman chariot racing
• Chariot racing - Byzantine chariot racing
• Chariot racing - Sources

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Cyrus the Younger, son of Darius II and Parysatis, was a Persian prince and general. The time of his birth is unknown, but he died in 401 BC. He was born after the accession of his father in 424 BC. When, after the victories of Alcibiades, Darius II decided to continue the war against Athens and give strong support to the Spartans, he sent in 408 the young prince into Asia Minor, as satrap of Lydia and Phrygia Major with Cappadocia, and commander of the Persian troops, "which gather into the field of Ca ...

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Clearchus, the son of Rhamphias, was a Spartan general and mercenary. Born about the middle of the 5th century BC, Clearchus was sent with a fleet to the Hellespont in 411 and became governor of Byzantium, of which town he was proxenus. His severity, however, made him unpopular, and in his absence the gates were opened to the Athenian besieging army under Alcibiades (409). Subsequently appointed by the ephors to settle the political dissensions then rife at Byzantium and to protect the city and the neighbouring Gr ...

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Conon was an Athenian general at the end of the Peloponnesian War, in charge during the decisive loss of the navy at the battle of Aegospotami. He had been sent out following the recall of Alcibiades in 406 BC, and pursued the Peloponnesian fleet under Lysander to the Hellespont. There it took a strong defensive position at Lampsacus and the Athenians, as they could not lure them out, retreated to Aegospotami. Alcibiades came to warn them of the danger of their position, as they were at an open beach without harbors, and advised them to move ...

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In its most common use, assassination has come to mean the killing of an important person. An assassin — one who carries out the assassination — is usually ideologically- or politically-motivated reasons. Other motivations may be money in the case of a contract killing; opposition to a person's beliefs or belief systems in the case of a fanatic; orders from a government that are often carried about by a subversive agent such ...

Including:

• Assassination - Etymology
• Assassination - Definition problems
• Assassination - Reasons for assassinations
• Assassination - Assassination as a political tool
• Assassination - Assassination for money
• Assassination - Assassination as military doctrine
• Assassination - Moral issues
• Assassination - Techniques
• Assassination - Counter-measures
• Assassination - Source for conspiracy theories
• Assassination - Related lists

Read more here: » Assassination: Encyclopedia - Assassination