Albert Camus (November 7, 1913 – January 4, 1960) was a French author and philosopher and one of the principal luminaries (with Jean-Paul Sartre) of existentialism. Camus was the second youngest-ever recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature (after Rudyard Kipling) when he received the award in 1957. He is also the shortest-lived of any literature laureate to date, having died in a car crash 3 years after receiving the award. Albert Camus - Early years. Albert Camus was born in Mondovi, Algeria to a Fre ...

Including:

• Albert Camus - Early years
• Albert Camus - Literary career
• Albert Camus - Summary of Absurdism
• Albert Camus - Famous works
• Albert Camus - Novels
• Albert Camus - Short stories
• Albert Camus - Non-fiction
• Albert Camus - Plays
• Albert Camus - Collections
• Albert Camus - Movies
• Albert Camus - Bibliography

Read more here: » Albert Camus: Encyclopedia - Albert Camus

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Albert Camus, Albert Camus - Early years, Albert Camus - Literary career, Albert Camus - Summary of Absurdism, Albert Camus - Camus's ideas on the Absurd, Albert Camus - Famous works, Albert Camus - Novels, Albert Camus - Short stories, Albert Camus - Non-fiction, Albert Camus - Plays, Albert Camus - Collections, Albert Camus - Movies, Albert Camus - Bibliography

Read more here: » Albert Camus: Encyclopedia II - Albert Camus - Literary career

Albert Camus was born in Mondovi, Algeria to a French Algerian (pied noir) settler family. His mother was of Spanish extraction. His father, Lucien, died in the Battle of the Marne in 1914 during the First World War, while serving as a member of the Zouave infantry regiment. Camus lived in poor conditions during his childhood in the Belcourt section of Algiers. In 1923, Camus was accepted into the lycée and eventually to the University of Algiers. However, he contracted tuberculosis in 1930, which put an end to his football activitie ...

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Albert Camus, Albert Camus - Early years, Albert Camus - Literary career, Albert Camus - Summary of Absurdism, Albert Camus - Camus's ideas on the Absurd, Albert Camus - Famous works, Albert Camus - Novels, Albert Camus - Short stories, Albert Camus - Non-fiction, Albert Camus - Plays, Albert Camus - Collections, Albert Camus - Movies, Albert Camus - Bibliography

Read more here: » Albert Camus: Encyclopedia II - Albert Camus - Early years

Freedom is nothing else but a chance to be better.

- Albert Camus

(See also: Inspirational Quotes, Love Quotes, Friendship Quotes, Life Quotes)

A Happy Death was the first novel from French writer-philosopher Albert Camus. First published following Camus' death in 1960, it is clearly the precursor to his most famous work, The Stranger. Other related archives1960, Albert Camus, The Stranger

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A punishment that destroys the condemned, degrades the executioner, arouses public manifestations of sadism and excites a hideous vainglory in certain criminals, while forestalling nothing, is in truth only a form of revenge: A punishment that penalises without forestalling is indeed called revenge. It is a quasi-arithmetical reply made by society to whoever breaks its primordial law.

(See also: Life and Death, Life and Beyond, Death and Dying, Body Mind and Soul)

Sisyphus (Greek Σίσυφος; transliteration: Sísuphos; IPA: 'sɪsɪfəs), in Greek mythology, was the son of Aeolus and Enarete, husband of Merope, and King/Founder of Ephyra (Corinth). According to some (later) sources, he was the father of Odysseus by Anticlea, before she married her later husband, Laertes. He was the father of the Corinthian king Glaucus by Merope. He was said to have founded the Isthmian games in honour of Melicertes, whose body he found lyin ...

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• Sisyphus - 'Sisyphean task' or 'Sisyphean challenge'

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The Stranger may mean: The Stranger (album), by Billy Joel The Stranger (novel), by Albert Camus The Stranger (1946 movie), directed by Orson Welles The Stranger (1967 movie), based on Camus' novel and directed by Luchino Visconti Stranger (2005 movie), directed by Daniel Hess The Stranger (television) (aka Stranded in Space), a science-fiction TV pilot starring Glenn Corbett. The Stranger (newspaper), an alternative weekly newspaper in Seattle, Washington

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The Fall (La Chute) is a novel by Albert Camus, first published in 1956. Set in Amsterdam, The Fall consists of a series of monologues by a self-proclaimed 'judge penitent' Jean-Baptiste Clamence, as he reflects upon his life to a stranger. Clamence tells us of his success, he enjoyed an upstanding role in society, esteem from fellows, and a rich sensuous life, and his ultimate 'fall' from grace. Jean-Paul Sartre is noted to have regarded it as Camus' greatest work of fiction, and not without reason. It is

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Absurdism is a philosophy stating that the efforts of man to find meaning in the universe will ultimately fail because no such meaning exists (at least in relation to man). Absurdism is related to Existentialism, though should not be confused with it. It was born of the Existentialist movement when the French philosopher and writer Albert Camus broke from that philosophical line of thought and published his manuscript The Myth of Sisyphus. The aftermath of World War II provided the social environment that stimulated absu ...

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• Absurdism - What's the point?
• Absurdism - Examples

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Blindness (Ensaio sobre a cegueira in Portuguese) is a novel by Portuguese author José Saramago. It was published in Portuguese in 1995 and in English in 1997. It is one of his most famous novels, along with The Gospel According to Jesus Christ and Baltasar and Blimunda. The novel concerns a plague of white blindness which strikes a man sitting in traffic and soon begins to spread across the country. As the blind are quarantined and civil services begin to break down, and the story follows a doctor' ...

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"Bartleby the Scrivener" is a short story by Herman Melville. The story first appeared, anonymously, in Putnam's Magazine in two parts. The first part appeared in November 1853, with the conclusion published in December 1853. It was reprinted in Melville's The Piazza Tales in 1856 with minor textual alterations. The work is said to have been inspired, in part, by Melville's reading of Emerson, and some have point ...

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• Bartleby the Scrivener - Influence

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Underground culture, or just underground, is a term to describe various alternative cultures which either consider themselves different to the mainstream of society and culture, or are considered so by someone. The word underground is used because there is a history of resistance movements under harsh regimes where the term underground was employed to refer to the necessary secrecy of the resisters. For example, the Underground Railroad was a network of clandestine routes by which African slaves in the 19th century Unite ...

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• Underground culture - Etymology

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Anti-fascism is a belief and practice of opposing all forms of fascism. Typically, anti-fascism also includes opposing homophobia, sexism, racism and the restriction of civil liberties. While violent or militant anti-fascism does occur, the movement can also be non-violent; being an anti-fascist is not necessarily to "fight" fascism with violence, and many antifa activists consider it to be no better than the fascists themselves. An anti-fascist is one who opposes fascism, and/or engages in anti-fascist direct action. The term antifa is a commonly used word for anti-fascist action. Many major resistan ...

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• Anti-fascism - Anti-fascists
• Anti-fascism - Anti-fascist organisations

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French and Francophone Literature French literature By Category French language Medieval 16th Century - 17th Century 18th Century - 19th Century 20th Century - Contemporary Francophone literature Literature of Quebec Postcolonial literature Literature of Haiti Chronological list Writers - Novelists Playwrights - Poets Essayists Short Story Writers Novel - Poetry - Plays< ...

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Dark Moor is a neo-classical power metal band from Spain. Formed in 1993, they produced three full-length albums, before undergoing a line-up change. Three members, including vocalist Elisa C. Martin, left the band and formed their own project Dreamaker. The remaining two members carried on under the same name, recruiting suitable replacements in time for their self-titled 2003 release. Dark Moor - Line-up. Alfred Romero - Vocals Enrik Garcia - Guitar Jose Garrido - Guitar A ...

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• Dark Moor - Line-up
• Dark Moor - Former members
• Dark Moor - Discography

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Anomie, in contemporary English, means a condition or malaise in individuals, characterized by an absence or diminution of standards or values. The word comes from Greek a-: "without", and nomos: "law". This term was used by the Greeks to define anything or anyone against the rules or a condition where the present laws were not applied (illegitimacy, unlawfulness). The contemporary English understanding of the word anomie differs from how the term was originally defined and used by Greeks, often becoming a ...

Including:

• Anomie - Anomie as individual disorder
• Anomie - Anomie as social disorder
• Anomie - Anomie in literature and film

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Balthazar Klossowski de Rola (February 29, 1908 in Paris – February 18, 2001) was an esteemed Polish/French modern artist whose work was ultimately anti-modern. Balthus - Life and work. In his formative years his art was sponsored by Rainer Maria Rilke, Pierre Bonnard and Henri Matisse. His father, Erich Klossowski, a noted art historian (he wrote a monograph on Daumier), and his mother Elisabeth Dorothea Spiro (known as Baladine Klossowska) were part of cultural elite in Paris. Balthus' older brother, Pi ...

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• Balthus - Life and work
• Balthus - Influence and legacy

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As a punishment from the gods, in the underworld, Sisyphus was compelled to roll a big stone up a steep hill; but before it reached the top of the hill the stone always rolled down, and Sisyphus had to begin all over again (Odyssey, xi. 593). This cycle continued on for eternity. As a result, pointless or interminable activities are often described as Sisyphean. The reason for his punishment is not mentioned in Homer, and is obscure. According to some, he had revealed the designs of the gods to mortals; according to others, he ...

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Sisyphus, Sisyphus - 'Sisyphean task' or 'Sisyphean challenge'

Read more here: » Sisyphus: Encyclopedia II - Sisyphus - 'Sisyphean task' or 'Sisyphean challenge'

Albert Camus, like Meursault, was a pied-noir (literally black foot) - a French who lived in the Maghreb, the northernmost crescent of the Mediterranean Sea, the heart of France's colonies. Usually classed as an existential novel, The Stranger is indeed based on Camus' theory of the absurd. Many readers mistakenly believe that Meursault lives by the ideas of the existentialists. In the first half of the novel, however, Meursault is clearly an unreflecting, unapologetic individual. He is moved only by sensory exper ...

See also:

The Stranger novel, The Stranger novel - The Plot, The Stranger novel - The Background and Philosophy, The Stranger novel - Cultural Influences

Read more here: » The Stranger novel: Encyclopedia II - The Stranger novel - The Background and Philosophy