This article is about the Mughal Emperor. For the comic-book character, see Life in Hell. For the Star Wars character, see Admiral Ackbar. Jodhabai (?) Mariam-uz-Zamani Ruqayya Sultan Begum Sakina Banu Begum Salima Sultan Begum Jahangir, son Shah Murad, son Danyal, son Shahzada Khanim, daughter Shakarunnisa Begum, daughter Aram Banu Begum, ...

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• Akbar - Political career
• Akbar - Religion
• Akbar - Patron of the arts
• Akbar - Marital life
• Akbar - Final years
• Akbar - Akbār in media

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Akbar. The great Mogul Emperor of India, the famous patron of religions, arts, and sciences, the most liberal of all the Mussulman sovereigns. There has never been a more tolerant or enlightened ruler than the Emperor Akbar, either in India or in any other Mahometan country.

(See also: Akbar, Theosophy, Spirituality, Body mind and Soul, Spiritual Dictionary, )

At the time of Akbar's rule, the Mughal Empire included both Hindus and Muslims. Profound differences separate the Islamic and Hindu faith; Muslims are allowed to eat beef, while for those of the Hindu religion it is forbidden to harm cows because they are worshipped as sacred. Hindus are allowed to drink alcoholic beverages (e.g., wine), a practice which is forbidden by Islam. During the period of the Mughal Empire, the majority of the Indian population was Hindu, but the rulers of the empire were almost exclusively Muslim. It was in this polarized religious are ...

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Akbar, Akbar - Political career, Akbar - Religion, Akbar - Patron of the arts, Akbar - Marital life, Akbar - Final years, Akbar - Akbar in media

Read more here: » Akbar: Encyclopedia II - Akbar - Religion

Akbar was born at Umarkot in Sind to Humayun and Hamida Banu Begum on October 15, 1542. His father, Humayun, was driven from the throne of India in a series of decisive battles by the Afghan Sher Shah Suri. After more than twelve years' exile, Humayun regained his sovereignty, though he held it for only a few months before his death in 1556. Akbar succeeded his father the same year under the regency of Bairam Khan, a Turkoman noble whose zeal in repelling pretenders to the throne and severity in maintaining the discipline of the army helped ...

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Akbar, Akbar - Political career, Akbar - Religion, Akbar - Patron of the arts, Akbar - Marital life, Akbar - Final years, Akbar - Akbar in media

Read more here: » Akbar: Encyclopedia II - Akbar - Political career

Akbar was born at Umarkot in Sind to Humayun and Hamida Banu Begum on October 15, 1542. His father, Humayun, was driven from the throne of India in a series of decisive battles by the Afghan Sher Shah Suri. After more than twelve years' exile, Humayun regained his sovereignty, though he held it for only a few months before his death in 1556. Akbar succeeded his father the same year under the regency of Bairam Khan, a Turkoman noble whose zeal in repelling pretenders to the throne and severity in maintaining the discipline of the army helped ...

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Akbar, Akbar - Political career, Akbar - Religion, Akbar - Patron of the arts, Akbar - Marital life, Akbar - Final years, Akbar - Akbār in media

Read more here: » Akbar: Encyclopedia II - Akbar - Political career

Ali Akbar Khan (born April 14, 1922) is one of today's most accomplished Indian classical musicians and known for his mastery of the sarod, a beautiful, 25-stringed Indian instrument. Ustad Ali Akbar Khan's family traces its gharana (ancestral tradition) to Mian Tansen, a 16th century musical genius and court musician of Emperor Akbar. Ali Akbar Khan's father, the late Padma Vibhushan Acharya Allauddin Khan, was acknowledged as one of t ...

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Allahu Akbar is Arabic for "God is the greatest." Akbar is the elative form of the adjective kabīr (great, big, important), meaning "greater, greatest, or very great." The elative combines the meanings of comparative (greater than) and superlative (most great). However, the elative is only explicitly a term of comparison when used with the preposition min, e.g. Allāhu akbar min mala'ikatihi, "Allah is greater than His angels", Allāhu Akbar min kulli shay "God is greater than all". Without a term of comparison, the elative con ...

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The Mughal Empire, (Persian: مغل بادشاہ) was an empire that at its greatest territorial extent ruled parts of Afghanistan, Balochistan and most of the Indian Subcontinent between 1526 and 1857. The empire was founded by the Mongol leader Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. The word "Mughal" is the Indo-Aryan ver ...

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• Mughal Empire - Religion
• Mughal Empire - Political Economy
• Mughal Empire - Establishment and reign of Babur
• Mughal Empire - Reign of Humayun
• Mughal Empire - Reign of Akbar
• Mughal Empire - Reigns of Jahangir and Shah Jahan
• Mughal Empire - Reign of Aurangzeb and decline of empire
• Mughal Empire - Descendants
• Mughal Empire - Alternate meanings

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Faizi (1547-1595) was historian Abul Fazl’s brother in Akbar's court. He was a poet composing in Persian and an all-round genius. Akbar highly recognized the genius in him and appointed him teacher for his son and gave place to him among his decorative 'Nav Ratnas'. His famous work Lilabati, is on mathematics. Other related archives1547, 1595, Abul Fazl, Akbar, mathematics

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A former Turkoman military general, Bairam Khan served as the regent to the underage Mughal ruler Akbar, who came to power in 1556. Bairam was very important in securing Akbar's rule during the young ruler's first years in power. He also contributed greatly to the reconquest of the Mughal empire, most notably at the Second battle of Panipat. Bairam was dismissed upon Akbar's coming-of-age in 1560. He then left up

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Abul-Fazel, the vizier of the great Mughal emperor Akbar, and who wrote an account of his reign and of the Mogul empire. He also lead the imperial army in its wars in the Deccan. He was assassinated in a plot contrived by the prince Salim in 1602. Other related archives1602, Akbar, Deccan, Mughal, Salim, vizier

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Umarkot (25.37°N 69.73°E) is city in the province of Sindh, Pakistan. It was relatively more prominent during the time of the Mughals and during the British Raj. The great Mughal king Akbar was born in Umarkot when his father Humayun lost the battle against Sher Shah Suri and was on the run. Akbar later became the King of India and was a popular figure with both Hindus and Muslims. Umarkot has many sites of historical significance such as Akbar's birthplace and Umarkot Fort. The city is well connected with the other large cities lik

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Banarasidas (1586-1643) was the first poet in India to write an autobiography - Ardha Kathanaka (The Half Story). He wrote it when he was 55. He lived during the reign of Akbar, Jahangir and Shahjahan. Banarasidas was a friend of the nawab of Jaunpur Chini Kilechkhan. He was also an occasional chess partner of Padishah Shahjahan. When Akbar died suddenly, there was terror because no one was in ...

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• Banarasidas - External references

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Muhyi l-Din Muhammad b. 'Ali Ibn al-'Arabi, commonly known as either Ibn 'Arabi or Ibn Arabi, was born 1165 in Murcia, Spain and died 1240 in Damascus. Also known in the Islamic world as (al-shaykh al-akbar) “greatest master,” he his sometimes described as a mystical philosopher , even in his lifetime he was acknowledged to be one of the most important spiritual teachers ...

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• Ibn Arabi - Works

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General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (August 12, 1924–August 17, 1988) ruled Pakistan from 1977 to 1988. Zia-ul-Haq was the third person in the history of Pakistan to enforce martial law and halt civilian rule in the country. He was born in Jalandhar (in India) in 1924 as the second child of a school teacher named Mohammad Akbar. He completed his initial education in Simla and then at St. Stephen's College in Delhi. He was commissioned in the British Army in 1943 and served during World War II. At independence, Zia joined the Pakistan ...

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• Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq - Legacy

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Agra Fort is located in Agra, India. The fort is also known as Lal Qila, Fort Rouge and Red Fort of Agra. It is about 2.5 km northwest of its much more famous sister monument, the Taj Mahal. The fort can be more accurately described as a walled palatial city. Agra Fort - History. By most estimates, the fort was taken over from the Lodis by the Moghuls in the late 16th century, by Akbar the Great. During his reign, he shifted the government of his empire from Delhi to Agra. Because of th ...

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• Agra Fort - History
• Agra Fort - Layout
• Agra Fort - Notable Sites and Structures Within Agra Fort
• Agra Fort - Other Notable Facts
• Agra Fort - Sources

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He has written extensively as a journalist in a series of reformist newspapers, many of which were shut down by the Judiciary of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Collections of his articles appeared in books, notably, "The Dungeon of Ghosts" and "The Red Eminence, The Grey Eminences" focusing on the involvement of the former President of Iran, Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, and his Ministry of Intelligence, Ali Fallahian, in a series of killings of writers and dissidents. He has continued to write in prison. His writings in prison are smuggled out a ...

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Akbar Ganji, Akbar Ganji - Hunger strike, Akbar Ganji - Writings, Akbar Ganji - Awards and honors

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Humayun's untimely death in 1556 left the task of further imperial conquest and consolidation to his thirteen-year-old son, Jalal-ud-Din Akbar (r. 1556–1605). Following a decisive military victory at the Second Battle of Panipat in 1556, the regent Bayram Khan pursued a vigorous policy of expansion on Akbar's behalf. As soon as Akbar came of age, he began to free himself from the influences of overbearing ministers, court factions, and harem intrigues, and demonstrated his own capacity for judgment and leadership. A workaholic who seldom s ...

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Mughal Empire, Mughal Empire - Religion, Mughal Empire - Political Economy, Mughal Empire - Establishment and reign of Babur, Mughal Empire - Reign of Humayun, Mughal Empire - Reign of Akbar, Mughal Empire - Reigns of Jahangir and Shah Jahan, Mughal Empire - Reign of Aurangzeb and decline of empire, Mughal Empire - Descendants, Mughal Empire - Alternate meanings

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The trial began on June 15, 1951 at 8.00 a.m. The prosecution was led by the formidable A.K. Brohi - this was one of his earlier cases. Later he was to achieve great fame and notoriety as a legal adviser of dictators and authoritarians. The incomparable Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy appeared on behalf of Brigadier Latif and Z.H. Lari on behalf of General Akbar. Other famous practitioners who appeared for the defence were Malik Faiz Mohammed, Khawaja Abdul Rahim, Sahibzada Nawazish Ali and Qazi Aslam. Gradually as the case proceeded and continued ...

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Akbar Khan Pakistan, Akbar Khan Pakistan - Early life and the army, Akbar Khan Pakistan - Indo-Pakistan War 1948, Akbar Khan Pakistan - Change of heart, Akbar Khan Pakistan - The conspiracy begins, Akbar Khan Pakistan - The Communist Party connection, Akbar Khan Pakistan - The day and co-conspirators, Akbar Khan Pakistan - The probable leak, Akbar Khan Pakistan - The conspiracy foiled, Akbar Khan Pakistan - The trial, Akbar Khan Pakistan - The aftermath

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Main article: Mughal empire India in the 16th century presented a fragmented picture of rulers, both Muslim and Hindu, who lacked concern for their subjects and who failed to create a common body of laws or institutions. Outside developments also played a role in shaping events. The circumnavigation of Africa by the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama in 1498 allowed Europeans to challenge Arab control of the trading routes between Europe and Asia. In Central Asia and Afghanistan, shifts in power pushed Babur of Ferghana (in present-day Uzbekistan) southward, first to Kabul and then to India. The dynasty h ...

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Mughal era, Mughal era - The Mughal empire, Mughal era - Babur of Ferghana, Mughal era - Akbar, Mughal era - Aurangzeb, Mughal era - Arrival of the Europeans, Mughal era - The Marathas, Mughal era - The Nizams of Hyderabad, Mughal era - The Sikhs, Mughal era - The Coming of the Europeans, Mughal era - Literature

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