African American music

Georgia's folk musical traditions include important contributions to the Piedmont blues, shape note singing and African American music. Music of Georgia U.S. state - African American folk music. The "ring shout" is an African American musical and dance tradition that is among the oldest surviving African American performance styles in North America. The ring shout tradition is rare in the modern Southern United States, but it still found in McIntosh County, Georgia, where black communities have kept the st ...

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Music of Georgia U.S. state, Music of Georgia U.S. state - Music institutions, Music of Georgia U.S. state - Folk music, Music of Georgia U.S. state - African American folk music, Music of Georgia U.S. state - Shape-note, Music of Georgia U.S. state - Notes

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Singing consists mostly of vocables, though recordings and reports from the early 1900s and prior indicate there were a great deal more lyrics or vocal texts. Blackfoot people see the profusion of words in European American music and African American music as lessening the importance and meaning of both words and music; and the same for the manner of listening to such music, that is, for entertainment or enjoyment, often while doing other things: if someone needed to say so many words, why didn't they just talk (p.69). Blackfoot music is not ...

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Blackfoot music, Blackfoot music - Musical thought, Blackfoot music - Singing, Blackfoot music - Scales and intervals, Blackfoot music - Vocal style, Blackfoot music - Drumming, Blackfoot music - Song composition, Blackfoot music - Misc, Blackfoot music - Current traditional musical groups, Blackfoot music - Source, Blackfoot music - External link

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Because it is a social classification label that cannot be objectively tested, much less replicated, there is no scientific way to identify a "Black" person. Nevertheless, according to their explanations, those who use the label tend to employ three criteria: ancestry, self-identity, and appearance. All three of the criteria can be associated with the attitudes resulting from the slave trade and inter-cultural oppression resulting from the age of European colonization. Black people - Who is ...

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Black people, Black people - The Concept of Blackness Created Through Colonialism, Black people - Usage differs among former European colonies, Black people - Former Iberian colonies do not use the label to denote groups, Black people - Former British colonies apply the label to anyone darker than Europeans, Black people - U.S. society equates the label with African-American ethnicity, Black people - Who is Black?, Black people - Who is a descendant of the African Diaspora?, Black people - Who self-identifies as Black in an ethno-political but not ancestral sense?, Black people - Who looks Black?², Black people - Footnotes, Black people - Groups

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Main article: African American culture African American culture is an amalgam of influences, including African, Caribbean, European, and Latino cultures. From its music and dance, to speech, demeanor, and foodways, African American culture bears the strong imprint of West Africa, particularly in rural portions of the Deep South and Sea Islands of Georgia and South Carolina. African American music is one of the most pervasive African American cultural influences in the United States today. Hip hop, rock, R&B, funk, an ...

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African American, African American - Nomenclature, African American - Current Demographics, African American - African American history, African American - Contemporary issues, African American - Culture, African American - The term African American, African American - Political overtones, African American - Who is African American?, African American - Terms no longer in common use, African American - Black American population, African American - Other groups

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Main article: American popular music The first field of American music that could be viewed as popular, rather than classical or folk, was the singing of the colonial New England choirs, and travelling singing masters like William Billings. It was here that techniques and traditions like shape note, lined-out hymnody and Sacred Harp were created, gradually spreading south and becoming an integral part of the Great Awakening. The Great Awakening was a period of religious fervor, among whites and blacks (both slave and free), that saw passion ...

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Music history of the United States, Music history of the United States - American roots music, Music history of the United States - African American music, Music history of the United States - Appalachian folk music, Music history of the United States - Other forms of American roots music, Music history of the United States - Popular music, Music history of the United States - 1940s and 1950s, Music history of the United States - Roots of country music, Music history of the United States - Gospel and doo wop, Music history of the United States - Latin music, Music history of the United States - Cajun and Creole music, Music history of the United States - 1960s and 70s, Music history of the United States - Early 1960s, Music history of the United States - Psychedelic rock, Music history of the United States - Soul and funk, Music history of the United States - Country and folk, Music history of the United States - Tejano, Music history of the United States - 1970s, Music history of the United States - Heavy metal, Music history of the United States - Outlaw country, Music history of the United States - Hip hop, Music history of the United States - Salsa, Music history of the United States - Punk rock, Music history of the United States - 1980s and 90s, Music history of the United States - Hip hop, Music history of the United States - 1990s

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Main article: African American history Blacks in America, like their White counterparts, are composed of many diverse ethnic groups. Over 40 identifiable ethnic groups from 25 different kingdoms were sold to the United States during the Atlantic Slave trade. These people came from an area spanning from present day Senegal all the way to Democratic Republic of Congo. Over time, Africans in America formed a new and common identity focused on their mutual condition in America as opposed to cultural and historic ties to Africa. Afr ...

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African American, African American - Nomenclature, African American - Current Demographics, African American - African American history, African American - Contemporary issues, African American - Culture, African American - The term African American, African American - Political overtones, African American - Who is African American?, African American - Terms no longer in common use, African American - Black American population, African American - Other groups

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Main article: Music of the United States (1940s and 50s) In the 1940s, blues became the basis for rock and roll, while jazz evolved into an ever more experimental bebop scene. Country and folk music further developed as well, gaining newfound popularity and acclaim for hard-edged folk music. Perhaps most importantly, the 1940s saw the rise of the youth culture. Teenagers from across the country began to identify with each other and launched numerous trends. The first teen stars arose, beginning with the bobby soxer idol Frank Sinatra; this opened up new audiences for popular ...

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Music history of the United States, Music history of the United States - American roots music, Music history of the United States - African American music, Music history of the United States - Appalachian folk music, Music history of the United States - Other forms of American roots music, Music history of the United States - Popular music, Music history of the United States - 1940s and 1950s, Music history of the United States - Roots of country music, Music history of the United States - Gospel and doo wop, Music history of the United States - Latin music, Music history of the United States - Cajun and Creole music, Music history of the United States - 1960s and 70s, Music history of the United States - Early 1960s, Music history of the United States - Psychedelic rock, Music history of the United States - Soul and funk, Music history of the United States - Country and folk, Music history of the United States - Tejano, Music history of the United States - 1970s, Music history of the United States - Heavy metal, Music history of the United States - Outlaw country, Music history of the United States - Hip hop, Music history of the United States - Salsa, Music history of the United States - Punk rock, Music history of the United States - 1980s and 90s, Music history of the United States - Hip hop, Music history of the United States - 1990s

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Main article: Music of the United States (1960s and 70s) In the 1960s, music became heavily involved in the burgeoning youth counter culture, as well as various social and political causes. The beginning of the decade saw the peak of doo wop's popularity, in about 1961, as well as the rise of surf, girl groups and the first soul singers. Psychedelic and progressive rock arose during this period, along with the roots of what would later become funk, hip hop, salsa, electronic music, punk rock and heavy metal. An American roots r ...

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Music history of the United States, Music history of the United States - American roots music, Music history of the United States - African American music, Music history of the United States - Appalachian folk music, Music history of the United States - Other forms of American roots music, Music history of the United States - Popular music, Music history of the United States - 1940s and 1950s, Music history of the United States - Roots of country music, Music history of the United States - Gospel and doo wop, Music history of the United States - Latin music, Music history of the United States - Cajun and Creole music, Music history of the United States - 1960s and 70s, Music history of the United States - Early 1960s, Music history of the United States - Psychedelic rock, Music history of the United States - Soul and funk, Music history of the United States - Country and folk, Music history of the United States - Tejano, Music history of the United States - 1970s, Music history of the United States - Heavy metal, Music history of the United States - Outlaw country, Music history of the United States - Hip hop, Music history of the United States - Salsa, Music history of the United States - Punk rock, Music history of the United States - 1980s and 90s, Music history of the United States - Hip hop, Music history of the United States - 1990s

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Main article: African American contemporary issues Many African Americans significantly have improved their social and economic standing since the Civil Rights Movement, and recent decades have witnessed the expansion of a robust, African American middle class across the United States. However, due in part to a legacy of racism and discrimination, African Americans as a group remain at a pronounced economic, educational and social disadvantage relative to whites. Economically, the median income of African Americans is roughly 5 ...

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African American, African American - Nomenclature, African American - Current Demographics, African American - African American history, African American - Contemporary issues, African American - Culture, African American - The term African American, African American - Political overtones, African American - Who is African American?, African American - Terms no longer in common use, African American - Black American population, African American - Other groups

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Like jazz, rock and roll and hip hop music, blues has been accused of being the "devil's music" and of inciting violence and other poor behavior.[42] In the early 20th century, the blues was considered disreputable, especially as white audiences began listening to the blues during the 1920s.[43] In the early twentieth century, W.C. Handy was the first to make the blues m ...

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Blues, Blues - Characteristics, Blues - Origins, Blues - Lyrics, Blues - Musical style, Blues - History, Blues - Origins, Blues - Prewar blues, Blues - Early postwar blues, Blues - Blues in the '60s and '70s, Blues - Blues from the 1980s to the present, Blues - Musical impact, Blues - Social impact, Blues - Notes

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The following gives the black population in the U.S. over time, based on U.S. Census figures. (Numbers from years 1920 to 2000 are based on U.S. Census figures as given on page 377 of the Time Almanac of 2005. note: The CIA World Factbook gives the current 2005 figure as 12.9% [1] ...

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African American, African American - Nomenclature, African American - Current Demographics, African American - African American history, African American - Contemporary issues, African American - Culture, African American - The term African American, African American - Political overtones, African American - Who is African American?, African American - Terms no longer in common use, African American - Black American population, African American - Other groups

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The largest music venue in Maryland is the Merriweather Post Pavilion, opened in 1967 and designed by architect Frank Gehry to avoid disturbing as much as possible the surrounding Symphony Woods; it is an outdoor performance area, home to most of the largest concerts that come through the area [7]. The largest annual music festival is HFStival, held by the WHFS radio station, which is a major draw across the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area ^{See also:}

Music of Maryland, Music of Maryland - Music institutions, Music of Maryland - Music venues, Music of Maryland - Music history, Music of Maryland - Colonial-era music, Music of Maryland - Early independence and 19th century, Music of Maryland - Early 20th century, Music of Maryland - Folk music, Music of Maryland - Popular music, Music of Maryland - References and notes

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Maryland's folk music heritage remains little studied. There have been no major musicological studies in Maryland, though some Anglo-American and African American folk songs have been documented. The Library of Congress' American Folklife Center has a library of recorded Maryland folk music, which includes a wide array of songs and styles, including Bahamanian spirituals, Mexican music, African American blues, Appalachian folk music, steelpan and gospel music, and Piscataway Native American music [17]See also:

Music of Maryland, Music of Maryland - Music institutions, Music of Maryland - Music venues, Music of Maryland - Music history, Music of Maryland - Colonial-era music, Music of Maryland - Early independence and 19th century, Music of Maryland - Early 20th century, Music of Maryland - Folk music, Music of Maryland - Popular music, Music of Maryland - References and notes

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The term "African American" has been in common usage in the United States since the late 1980s, when greater numbers of African Americans began to adopt the term self-referentially. Malcolm X favored the term "African American" over "Negro" and used the term at an OAAU (Organization of Afro American Unity) meeting in the early 1960s, saying, "Twenty-two million African-Americans - that's what we are - Africans who are in America." Former NBA player/coach Lenny Wilkens is another who used the term as a teenager when filling a job application. ...

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African American, African American - Nomenclature, African American - Current Demographics, African American - African American history, African American - Contemporary issues, African American - Culture, African American - The term African American, African American - Political overtones, African American - Who is African American?, African American - Terms no longer in common use, African American - Black American population, African American - Other groups

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Most of the major musical organizations in Baltimore were founded by musicians who trained at the Peabody Institute's Conservatory of Music. These include Baltimore Choral Arts and the Baltimore Opera, as well as the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra (BSO) [1]. The Baltimore Symphony Orchestra formed in 1916 and was the only orchestra in the country to operate as a branch of the city's government [2]. In 1942, the orchestra was reorganized as a ...

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Music of Maryland, Music of Maryland - Music institutions, Music of Maryland - Music venues, Music of Maryland - Music history, Music of Maryland - Colonial-era music, Music of Maryland - Early independence and 19th century, Music of Maryland - Early 20th century, Music of Maryland - Folk music, Music of Maryland - Popular music, Music of Maryland - References and notes

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Main article: Music of immigrant communities in the United States Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Creole and Cajun music. Main article: Music of Louisiana The city of New Orleans has long been a center for cultural innovation, and the pre-eminent city of the Gulf Coast. It is fitting, then, that the first major American classical composer was from New Orleans -- Louis Moreau Gottschalk. Gottschalk achieved fame in Europe, the first American composer to do so, and i ...

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Music history of the United States to the Civil War, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - African American music, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Africans in Louisiana, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Spirituals, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Popularization of slave music, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Blues, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - American songwriters, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Banjo, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Brass bands, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Music of other immigrant communities, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Creole and Cajun music, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Mexican-Texans, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Sound samples

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Maryland has produced popular musicians from many fields, including doo wop and hardcore punk, as well as the gangsta rap of Tupac Shakur, the contemporary R&B of Toni Braxton and the pop of Cass Elliott. Though doo wop can be traced to many urban areas across the United States, especially New York City, Sonny Til's 1946 band called The Vibranaires, later known as The Orioles, can be considered the first doo wop group [19]. The quirky, genre-crossing Frank Zappa was also from Marylan ...

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Music of Maryland, Music of Maryland - Music institutions, Music of Maryland - Music venues, Music of Maryland - Music history, Music of Maryland - Colonial-era music, Music of Maryland - Early independence and 19th century, Music of Maryland - Early 20th century, Music of Maryland - Folk music, Music of Maryland - Popular music, Music of Maryland - References and notes

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Salsa music is a very broad term that can be used with various meanings depending on the context; its exact meaning is the subject of many arguments among aficionados. Author Ed Morales has said the obvious, most common perception of salsa is an "extravagant, clave-driven, Afro-Cuban-derived songs anchored by piano, horns, and rhythm section and sung by a velvety voiced crooner in a sharkskin suit". He also defines it as "nothing more than a new spin on the traditional rhythms of Cuban music" and "at once (both) a modern marketing con ...

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Salsa music, Salsa music - Characteristics, Salsa music - Rhythm, Salsa music - Instrumentation, Salsa music - History, Salsa music - Origins, Salsa music - 1970s, Salsa music - 1980s, Salsa music - 1990s to the present, Salsa music - Notes

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Before the Broadway premiere of Show Boat, Ziegfeld produced tryouts in Washington, D.C., the Nixon Theatre in Pittsburgh, Cleveland and Philadelphia [1]. The show opened on Broadway at the Ziegfeld Theatre in New York on December 27, 1927, where it ran for a year and a half. Show Boat, with its serious and dramatic nature, was considered a turning point for producer Florenz Ziegfeld, who had previously been best known for revues such as the Follies. The scenic design for t ...

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Show Boat, Show Boat - Plot Synopsis, Show Boat - Songs, Show Boat - Production History, Show Boat - Racism and Controversy, Show Boat - Integration, Show Boat - Language and Stereotypes, Show Boat - Revisions and Cancellations, Show Boat - 1994 Revival, Show Boat - Analysis, Show Boat - Trivia, Show Boat - Notes

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A definitive list of songs, per se, is somewhat pointless since the original production ran nearly four hours and thus is almost never performed in its original form. Confounding the situation further are new songs written for revivals. Typically, productions pick and choose from the original material to fashion a distinct version of Show Boat. Nevertheless, the key songs from the show include the following: Overture; after a brief introduction, orchestral excerpts from "Ol' Man River", "Why Do I Love You", "Make Believe" ...

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Show Boat, Show Boat - Plot Synopsis, Show Boat - Songs, Show Boat - Production History, Show Boat - Racism and Controversy, Show Boat - Integration, Show Boat - Language and Stereotypes, Show Boat - Revisions and Cancellations, Show Boat - 1994 Revival, Show Boat - Analysis, Show Boat - Trivia, Show Boat - Notes

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The story spans about 40 years, beginning aboard the showboat Cotton Blossom in the 1880s, on the Mississippi River near Natchez, Mississippi. A riverboat gambler, Gaylord Ravenal, comes aboard and is taken with Magnolia, an aspiring performer and daughter of the ship's captain and owner, "Cap'n Andy". Magnolia (aka Nolie) is smitten with Ravenal as well, and seeks advice from Joe, one of the workers aboard the boat. A local sheriff comes aboard and insists that the show not go on, because the star of the show, Julie, is a mula ...

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Show Boat, Show Boat - Plot Synopsis, Show Boat - Songs, Show Boat - Production History, Show Boat - Racism and Controversy, Show Boat - Integration, Show Boat - Language and Stereotypes, Show Boat - Revisions and Cancellations, Show Boat - 1994 Revival, Show Boat - Analysis, Show Boat - Trivia, Show Boat - Notes

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Main article: Brass band The early 1850s saw a growth in the development of brass band music. Brass bands were made up of brass and woodwinds, especially the E-flat cornet and soprano saxhorn. Many of these bands were associated with an Army regiment, while others were associated with the workers at a particular factory. Employers urging their employees to form bands were common in the United Kingdom at the time, and the practice spread through immigration to the US. These factory bands' concerts were probably rowdy affairs, wi ...

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Music history of the United States to the Civil War, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - African American music, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Africans in Louisiana, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Spirituals, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Popularization of slave music, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Blues, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - American songwriters, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Banjo, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Brass bands, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Music of other immigrant communities, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Creole and Cajun music, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Mexican-Texans, Music history of the United States to the Civil War - Sound samples

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