African-Americans

The U.S. educational system is compulsory for the first 9-12 years of education, depending upon in which state one may reside. While most students upon graduation are between 17 and 18 years of age, many states allow for the student to voluntarily remove themselves from enrollment. This is an action which has come to be termed as "dropping out", as these students have not successfully completed the requirements necessary to gain a diploma, and has created social issues. Although some funding does come from the federal government, it i ...

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Social issues in the United States, Social issues in the United States - Unequal funding of educational system, Social issues in the United States - Crime and incarceration, Social issues in the United States - Access to health insurance

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By the end of the War of 1812, the momentum for antislavery reform, state by state, appeared to run out of steam, with half of the States having already abolished slavery (Northeast), prohibited from the start (Midwest) or committed to eliminating slavery (New Jersey etc), and half committed to continuing the institution indefinitely (South). The potential for political conflict over slavery at a federal level led politicians to be concerned about the balance of power in the U.S. Senate, where each State was represented by two Senators. With ...

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Slave state, Slave state - Original state-based abolition efforts, Slave state - Northern slave states, Slave state - Conflict over new territories, Slave state - The admission of Missouri and the Missouri Compromise, Slave state - Status of Texas and the Mexican Cession states, Slave state - The last battles, Slave state - Slave and free state pairs, Slave state - The end of slave states

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Sly & the Family Stone - Pre-history. The Stewart family was a deeply religious middle-class African-American family from Dallas, Texas. K.C. and Alpha Stewart held the family together under the doctrines of the Church of God in Christ, and encouraged their musical expression. After the family moved to Vallejo, California (near Oakland and San Francisco), the youngest four Stewart children (Sylvester, Freddie, Rose, and Vaetta) formed "The Stewart Four", who released their own local 78 RPM single, "On the Battlefield of the Lord" b/w "Walking in Jesus' Name", in 1952. Eldest sister Loretta was ...

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Sly & the Family Stone, Sly & the Family Stone - History, Sly & the Family Stone - Pre-history, Sly & the Family Stone - Early years, Sly & the Family Stone - Sound philosophies and influence of early years, Sly & the Family Stone - Stand! 1969, Sly & the Family Stone - Internal problems and a change of direction, Sly & the Family Stone - 1970-1971 interim, Sly & the Family Stone - There's a Riot Goin' On 1971, Sly & the Family Stone - Fresh 1973 and Small Talk 1974, Sly & the Family Stone - Dissolution, Sly & the Family Stone - Impact and influence of later material, Sly & the Family Stone - Sly on his own, Sly & the Family Stone - Epilogue, Sly & the Family Stone - Awards and tributes, Sly & the Family Stone - Reunion projects, Sly & the Family Stone - Personnel, Sly & the Family Stone - Discography, Sly & the Family Stone - Albums, Sly & the Family Stone - US and UK Top 40 Singles, Sly & the Family Stone - Other samples, Sly & the Family Stone - Notes

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Prehistory in the area began with the geological formation of the peculiar territory of what is today New York City. The area was long inhabited by the Lenape; after initial European exploration, the Dutch established New Amsterdam and New Netherland in 1613. In 1640, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed governor and the colony was granted self-government in 1652. In 1664, the British conquered the area and renamed it New York. The Dutch regained it in August 1673, renaming the city "New Orange", then ceded New Netherland permanently to the ...

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New York City, New York City - History of New York City, New York City - Boroughs and neighborhoods, New York City - New York City government, New York City - The Seal of New York City, New York City - Geography climate and environmental issues, New York City - Geography, New York City - Climate, New York City - Environmental issues, New York City - Demographics, New York City - Crime, New York City - Economy, New York City - Culture of New Yorkers, New York City - Immigration and cosmopolitanism, New York City - Commuter culture, New York City - Current issues, New York City - Tourism and recreation, New York City - Arts and cultural institutions, New York City - Film, New York City - Music, New York City - Visual arts, New York City - Literature, New York City - Theater, New York City - Media and broadcasting, New York City - Newspapers, New York City - Radio, New York City - Television, New York City - Professional sports, New York City - Transportation, New York City - Mass transit, New York City - Airports, New York City - Taxis, New York City - Ferries, New York City - Highways, New York City - Education and scientific research, New York City - Colleges and universities, New York City - Schools, New York City - Skyline, New York City - Trivia

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Melanin deficiency has been connected for some time with various genetic abnormalities and disease states. There are approximately ten different types of oculocutaneous albinism, which is mostly an autosomal recessive disorder. Certain ethnicities have higher incidences of different forms. For example, the most common type, the OCA2 (or tyrosinase positive) albinism, is especially frequent among people of indigenous African descent. It is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a congenital reduction or absence of melanin pig ...

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Melanin, Melanin - Melanin in humans, Melanin - Melanin deficiency in genetic disorders and disease states, Melanin - Melanin and human adaptation, Melanin - Physical properties and technological applications, Melanin - Melanin-based bias in human societies

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The "yellow peril" manifested itself in government policy with the U.S. Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, which reduced Chinese immigration from 30,000 per year to just 105. The labor leader Samuel Gompers argued, "The superior whites had to exclude the inferior Asiatics, by law, or, if necessary, by force of arms." In 1920, the author Lothrop Stoddard wrote The Rising Tide of Color arguing against Asian immigration, claiming immigrants threatened Am ...

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Yellow peril, Yellow peril - United States, Yellow peril - New Zealand, Yellow peril - Fictional Use, Yellow peril - Other uses

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Demographics of Mexico - Mestizos. The largest ethnic group is the mestizos, constituting approximately 60% of Mexico's population. Mestizos are people of mixed Native American and European heritage. The most of the Mexican mestizos may be originally half Aztec & half Spanish. Demographics of Mexico - Native Americans. Unmixed Native American peoples make up the second-largest group; official statistics put them at 10% of the population, but many believe the figure to be cl ...

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Demographics of Mexico, Demographics of Mexico - Ethnic groups, Demographics of Mexico - Mestizos, Demographics of Mexico - Native Americans, Demographics of Mexico - Europeans, Demographics of Mexico - Middle Easterners & Asians, Demographics of Mexico - Africans, Demographics of Mexico - Other Latin Americans, Demographics of Mexico - Attitudes toward race, Demographics of Mexico - Population growth and migration, Demographics of Mexico - Demographic statistics

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Paramount Pictures (the "P" in UPN) has played a pivotal role in the development of network television; it was a partner in the DuMont Television Network, and the Paramount Theaters chain, spun off from the corporate/studio parent, was an early, important component of the ABC television network's survival in the 1950s. In the wake of the successful Universal Studios ad hoc syndicated package Operation Prime Time (which featured first a miniseries adaptation of John Jakes's novel The Bastard and went on to several more pr ...

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UPN, UPN - History, UPN - Programming, UPN - Television movies, UPN - Notes

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Northeastern United States - Language Ethnicity and Religion. Culturally, the Northeast is somewhat different from the rest of the United States. While some regions of the United States, such as the U.S. South, are predominately Protestant, half of the states in the Northeast are predominantly Catholic, with Rhode Island having the highest percentage of Catholics in the U.S. The Northeast is also home to many other religious groups. For example, New York has the highest percentage of Jews in the nation, followed ...

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Northeastern United States, Northeastern United States - Geography, Northeastern United States - History, Northeastern United States - New England, Northeastern United States - The Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States - Culture, Northeastern United States - Language Ethnicity and Religion, Northeastern United States - Urban Suburban and Rural, Northeastern United States - Economy, Northeastern United States - Politics, Northeastern United States - Historical Politics, Northeastern United States - Northeastern Politics Today, Northeastern United States - Some Famous Northeasterners

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X-Men - Beginning. The X-Men were founded by the paraplegic telepath Professor Charles Xavier, a.k.a. Professor X. Xavier gathered the X-Men under the cover of Professor Xavier's School for Gifted Youngsters at a large country estate at 1407 Graymalkin Lane in Salem Center, a city in Westchester County, New York. The original X-Men consisted of five teenagers still learning to control their powers namely Cyclops/Scott Summers, Marvel Girl/Jean Grey, Angel/Warren Worthington, Beast/Hank McCoy and Iceman/Bobby Drak ...

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X-Men, X-Men - History Of X-Men, X-Men - Beginning, X-Men - 1970s, X-Men - 1980s, X-Men - 1990s, X-Men - 2000s, X-Men - Currently, X-Men - Real-life comparison, X-Men - Racism, X-Men - Homosexuality, X-Men - Anti-semitism, X-Men - Red scare, X-Men - As a subculture, X-Men - Characters, X-Men - Character diversity, X-Men - International characters, X-Men - Religious sexual and other minorities, X-Men - Fictional places, X-Men - Appearances in other media, X-Men - Cartoons, X-Men - Films, X-Men - Video games, X-Men - Star Trek crossovers, X-Men - Awards

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Indianapolis was founded as the state capital in 1821 by an act of the Indiana General Assembly. Prior to its official founding, Indianapolis was a sparsely settled swampy area. The first European American settler is generally believed to be George Pogue, who on March 2, 1819 settled in a double log cabin along the White River in what is now White River State Park in downtown Indianapolis. The state commissioned Alexander Ralston to design the new capital city. Ralston was an apprentice to the French architect Pierre L'Enfant, and he helped ...

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Indianapolis Indiana, Indianapolis Indiana - History, Indianapolis Indiana - Transit Hub, Indianapolis Indiana - Economic and Political Development, Indianapolis Indiana - Geography and Climate, Indianapolis Indiana - Demographics, Indianapolis Indiana - Cultural features, Indianapolis Indiana - Massachusetts Avenue, Indianapolis Indiana - Canal and White River State Park, Indianapolis Indiana - Indiana Avenue, Indianapolis Indiana - Fountain Square, Indianapolis Indiana - Broad Ripple Village, Indianapolis Indiana - Wholesale District, Indianapolis Indiana - Sports, Indianapolis Indiana - Festivals, Indianapolis Indiana - Museums, Indianapolis Indiana - Points of interest, Indianapolis Indiana - Local media, Indianapolis Indiana - Education, Indianapolis Indiana - Transportation, Indianapolis Indiana - Law & Government, Indianapolis Indiana - Other facts, Indianapolis Indiana - Sister cities

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The following tests are mandated (required to be performed on every newborn born in the state) in most of the United States and Canada. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, approximately 3,000 babies with severe disorders are identified in the United States each year using newborn screening programs at current testing rates. States vary, and not all tests are required in every state, and a few states mandate more than this. The first test to be universally mandated across the U.S. was the Guthrie test for phenylketonuria (PKU), ...

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Newborn screening, Newborn screening - Disease qualification, Newborn screening - Newborn screening in the United States, Newborn screening - Usual procedures and responses to positive results, Newborn screening - Expanded screening and expanded controversies, Newborn screening - Conditions and disorders, Newborn screening - Blood cell disorders, Newborn screening - Inborn errors of amino acid metabolism, Newborn screening - Inborn errors of organic acid metabolism, Newborn screening - Inborn errors of fatty acid metabolism, Newborn screening - Congenital infections, Newborn screening - Miscellaneous multisystem diseases, Newborn screening - Newborn screening by other methods than blood testing, Newborn screening - Newborn screening programs worldwide

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In 1969, Lear was nominated for an Academy Award for writing Divorce, American Style. Lear was among the first seven television pioneers inducted into the Television Academy Hall of Fame in 1984. He received four Emmy Awards (in 1970, 1971, 1972, and 1973) and a Peabody Award in 1977. His star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame is located at 6615 Hollywood Boulevard. In 1999, President Bill Clinton awarded the National Medal of Arts to Mr. Lear, noting that “Norman Lear has held up a mirror to American society and changed the way we look at it.” Lear's most popular shows and movies continue to be shown to n ...

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Norman Lear, Norman Lear - Awards, Norman Lear - Political and Cultural Activities, Norman Lear - Notable TV productions

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Newark was founded in 1666 by Connecticut Puritans led by Robert Treat, making it the third-oldest major city in the United States, after Boston and New York, though it is not the third-oldest settlement. Newark is the city's third name; previously, it was called Pasaic Town and New Milford. The name comes from Newark-on-Trent, a town in England from where some of the original settlers arrived. See also:

Newark New Jersey, Newark New Jersey - History, Newark New Jersey - Colonial era, Newark New Jersey - Industrial era to World War II, Newark New Jersey - Post-World War II era, Newark New Jersey - 1967 riots, Newark New Jersey - Post-riots, Newark New Jersey - Today, Newark New Jersey - Geography, Newark New Jersey - Neighborhoods, Newark New Jersey - The North Ward, Newark New Jersey - The Central Ward, Newark New Jersey - The West Ward, Newark New Jersey - The South Ward, Newark New Jersey - The East Ward, Newark New Jersey - Demographics, Newark New Jersey - Government, Newark New Jersey - Local government, Newark New Jersey - Federal state and county representation, Newark New Jersey - Economy, Newark New Jersey - Education, Newark New Jersey - Culture, Newark New Jersey - Famous people born or raised in Newark

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New York metropolitan area - New York City. The five boroughs of New York City serve as the core area of the metropolitan area. The city has a population of 8,008,278 (2000 census) over an area of 303 square miles (785 square kilometers) (population density of 26,403 per square mile or 10,194 per square kilometer). Bronx County, New York — 1,332,650 Kings County, New York — 2,465,326 New York County, New York — 1,537,195See also:

New York metropolitan area, New York metropolitan area - Populations of counties within the metropolitan area, New York metropolitan area - New York City, New York metropolitan area - New York-Wayne-White Plains Metropolitan Division, New York metropolitan area - New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island Metropolitan Statistical Area, New York metropolitan area - New York-Newark-Bridgeport Combined Statistical Area, New York metropolitan area - Other major cities, New York metropolitan area - Major Airports, New York metropolitan area - Commuting patterns, New York metropolitan area - Ethnic diversity, New York metropolitan area - Local politics, New York metropolitan area - Life in the New York area

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New Haven Connecticut - Pre-colonial and colonial history. Before European arrival, New Haven was the home of the Quinnipiack tribe of Native Americans, who lived in villages around the harbor and subsisted off of local fisheries and the farming of maize. The area was briefly visited by Dutch explorer Adriaen Block in 1614. Dutch traders set up a small trading system of beaver pelts with the local inhabitants, but trade was sporadic and the Dutch did not s ...

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New Haven Connecticut, New Haven Connecticut - History, New Haven Connecticut - Pre-colonial and colonial history, New Haven Connecticut - Post-colonial history, New Haven Connecticut - Modern history, New Haven Connecticut - Historical populations, New Haven Connecticut - Colleges and universities, New Haven Connecticut - Transportation, New Haven Connecticut - Railroad, New Haven Connecticut - Major Highways, New Haven Connecticut - Airports, New Haven Connecticut - Newspapers and media, New Haven Connecticut - Culture and notable features, New Haven Connecticut - Cuisine, New Haven Connecticut - Popular culture, New Haven Connecticut - Sports teams and athletic entertainment, New Haven Connecticut - Theatre, New Haven Connecticut - Museums, New Haven Connecticut - Music, New Haven Connecticut - Notable inhabitants:, New Haven Connecticut - Sister cities of New Haven, New Haven Connecticut - Miscellaneous, New Haven Connecticut - Geography, New Haven Connecticut - Urban layout and neighborhoods, New Haven Connecticut - Urban layout, New Haven Connecticut - Neighborhoods of New Haven, New Haven Connecticut - Greater New Haven, New Haven Connecticut - Hospitals and medicine, New Haven Connecticut - Power supply facilities, New Haven Connecticut - Demographics, New Haven Connecticut - Points of interest, New Haven Connecticut - Literature

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North Carolina State University - Founding: 1862-1889. Although officially established in 1887, the North Carolina State University story begins in 1862 when President Lincoln signed the federal Morrill Land-Grant Act. This Act created endowments that were to be used in the establishment of colleges that would provide a “liberal and practical education” while focusing on military tactics, agriculture a ...

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North Carolina State University, North Carolina State University - History, North Carolina State University - Founding: 1862-1889, North Carolina State University - Early years: 1889-1945, North Carolina State University - Expansion: 1945-Present, North Carolina State University - Academics, North Carolina State University - Academic Units, North Carolina State University - Rankings, North Carolina State University - Library, North Carolina State University - Student life, North Carolina State University - Student demographics, North Carolina State University - Athletics, North Carolina State University - Campus, North Carolina State University - Main, North Carolina State University - Centennial, North Carolina State University - West, North Carolina State University - Stadiums, North Carolina State University - People, North Carolina State University - Chief Executives, North Carolina State University - Points of interest, North Carolina State University - Notes and references

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The Padres adopted their name from the Pacific Coast League team which arrived in San Diego in 1936. That minor league franchise won the PCL title in 1937, led by then-18-year-old San Diegan Ted Williams. In 1969, San Diego joined the ranks of Major League Baseball as one of four new expansion teams (the other teams were the Montreal Expos, now the Washington Nationals, the Kansas City Royals and the Seattle Pilots, now the Milwaukee Brewers). Their original owner was C. Arnholt Smith, a prominent San Diego businessman whose interests ...

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San Diego Padres, San Diego Padres - Franchise history, San Diego Padres - Quick facts, San Diego Padres - Baseball Hall of Famers, San Diego Padres - Retired Numbers, San Diego Padres - Current roster, San Diego Padres - Out of Date, San Diego Padres - Minor league affiliations

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In Christian religions, hymns are usually directed toward God, or, in Catholicism and other denominations, also to Mary and sometimes to other Saints. Most Christian worship services have, since the earliest times, incorporated the singing of hymns, either by the congregation or by a selected choir, often accompanied by an organ. Thomas Aquinas, in the introduction to his commentary on the Psalms, defined the Christian hymn thus: "Hymnus est laus Dei cum cantico; canticum autem exultatio mentis de aeternis habita, prorumpens in voc ...

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Hymn, Hymn - Christian tradition, Hymn - Hymn meters, Hymn - Media

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One journalist, Peter Vogel, maintains the explosion was caused by a nuclear bomb, based on the discovery of a supposed Los Alamos document from 1944 which contains the line, "Ball of fire mushroom out at 18,000 ft in typical Port Chicago fashion" in the description of a hypothetical atomic weapon. [1] However, during the development of the first atomic weapons, it was common for Manhattan Project workers to use comparative explosions such as the one which happened at Port Chicago in order to give relative estimates on damage and expl ...

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Port Chicago disaster, Port Chicago disaster - Conspiracy theories

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Political correctness - Gender-related. The term server is increasingly used for a person of either gender who waits tables. Chairman was replaced by chair, chairperson (or president or some other term). (The term chair has its own history within academia.) Fireman was replaced by fire fighter. Congressman was replaced by member of congress. The former remains in use for male members of congress, however. < ...

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Political correctness, Political correctness - Usage perspective, Political correctness - Earlier uses, Political correctness - Linguistic background, Political correctness - Criticisms of political language choice, Political correctness - Orwell, Political correctness - Satirical use, Political correctness - Examples of language modification, Political correctness - Gender-related, Political correctness - Disability-related, Political correctness - Race and ethnic-related, Political correctness - Religion-related, Political correctness - Other, Political correctness - Anecdote, Political correctness - Goverment note

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Our Gang - Early years. According to Roach, the idea for Our Gang came to him in 1921, when he was auditioning a child actress to appear in one of his films. The girl was, in his opinion, overly made up and overly rehearsed, and Roach patiently waited for the audition to be over. After the girl and her mother left the office, Roach looked out of his window to a lumberyard across the street, where he saw a group of children having an argument. The children had all taken sticks from the lumberyard to play wi ...

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Our Gang, Our Gang - About the series, Our Gang - Directorial approach, Our Gang - Finding kid talent, Our Gang - African Americans in Our Gang, Our Gang - History, Our Gang - Early years, Our Gang - Changing distributors, Our Gang - The sound era, Our Gang - Transition, Our Gang - The final Roach years, Our Gang - The MGM era, Our Gang - Post-history The Little Rascals, Our Gang - The Little Rascals television package, Our Gang - King World's acquisition and edits, Our Gang - New Little Rascals productions, Our Gang - Legacy and influence, Our Gang - Imitators and frauds, Our Gang - Persons and entities named after Our Gang, Our Gang - Home video releases and rights to the films, Our Gang - 16 mm VHS and DVD releases, Our Gang - Status of ownership, Our Gang - Our Gang kids pets and personnel, Our Gang - Roach silent period, Our Gang - Roach talkie period, Our Gang - MGM period, Our Gang - Notable Our Gang comedies, Our Gang - Notes

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