Aedui

Aedui, Haedui or Hedui (Gr. Aidouoi), are Gallic people of Gallia Lugdunensis, who inhabited the country between the Arar (Saone) and Liger (Loire), in today's France. The statement in Strabo (ii. 3. 192) that they dwelt between the Arar and Dubis (Doubs) is incorrect. Their territory thus included the greater part of the modern departments of Saône-et-Loire, Côte-d'Or and Nièvre. According to Livy (v. 34), they took part in the expedition of ...

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The Arverni were a Gallic tribe that inhabited the present-day region of Lyons, France. They gave their name to the French region of Auvergne. The Arveni were a very powerful tribe living in the Auvergne, with their most important stronghold being Gergovia (somewhere near Clermont-Ferrand). They had been the most powerful Gallic tribe in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC under their king, Luernios, but when his son Bituitus was defeated by the Romans in 123BC and the Roman ‘Provincia’ (that is the origin of the French word "Provence") established, the ...

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Bibracte was the capital of the Aedui in the Iron Age, one of the most important hillforts in Gaul. It is situated near modern Autun in Burgundy, France. In 58 BC at the Battle of Bibracte, Julius Caesar's armies defeated the Helvetii 16 miles south of the fort. Today, important international excavations take place at the oppidum of Bibracte (Mont Beuvray), with teams from the universities of ...

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Ahenobarbus ("brazen-bearded" or "red-haired") is the name of a plebeian Roman family of the gens Domitia. The name was derived from the red beard and hair by which many of the family were distinguished. Amongst its members the following may be mentioned: Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus, consul 192 BC Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus, consul 122 BC. As proconsul in 121 BC, successfully fought against the Allobroges, a Gallic tribe, in retaliation for their attacks on Rome's Allies, t

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21 - Events. Revolt of the Aedui under Julius Florus and Julius Sacrovir, supressed by Gaius Silius Tiberius is a Roman Consul for the fourth time. 21 - Births. 21 - Deaths. Publius Sulpicius Quirinius, Roman governor of Syria Marcus Valerius Messalla Barbatus, Roman Consul (or 20). Arminius (19 ?), German war chief who won the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, assassinated during tribal warfare. ...

Including:

• 21 - Events
• 21 - Births
• 21 - Deaths

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Armorica or Aremorica is the name given in ancient times to the part of Gaul that includes the Brittany peninsula and the territory between the Seine and Loire rivers, extending inland to an indeterminate point and down the Atlantic coast. It is based on the Gaulish phrase "are mori" "on/at [the] sea", made into the Gaulish place name Aremorica 'Place by the Sea'. In Breton (which with Welsh and Cornish are the living representatives of Gaulish), 'on [the] sea' is 'war vor' (Welsh 'ar for'), though the older form 'arvor' is use ...

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Image:Belgicaromana.gif The Belgae were a group of nations or tribes living in north-eastern Gaul, on the west bank of the Rhine, in the 1st century BC, and later also attested in Britain. Their name survives in modern Belgium. Julius Caesar in his De Bello Gallico divided the people of Gaul at the time of his conquests (58 - 51 BC) into three broad groups: the Aquitani, Galli (who in their own language were called Celtae) and Belgae, all of whom had their own customs and language. He n ...

Including:

• Belgae - Origins of the Belgae
• Belgae - Conquest of the Belgae
• Belgae - The Belgae outside Gaul

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The Battle of Alesia or Siege of Alesia was a conflict fought in September 52 BC around the Gallic oppidum of Alesia, a major town centre and hill fort of the Mandubii tribe, situated probably at Chaux-des-Crotenay (Jura). Earlier research located Alesia atop Mont Auxois, above modern Alise-Sainte-Reine in France, but this location does not fit Caesar's description of the battle. Alise-Sainte-Reine is still the official location of Alesia. This battle was fought by the army of the Roman Republic commanded by Julius Caesa ...

Including:

• Battle of Alesia - Prelude
• Battle of Alesia - Siege and battle
• Battle of Alesia - Aftermath
• Battle of Alesia - Issues in historical reconstruction of the events

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2000 years ago the Baltic Sea was known to the Romans as the Mare Suebicum. Partially because of his unfamiliarity with the various Germanic peoples interacting with Rome at the time, the historian Tacitus referred to all Elbe-Germanics as Suebi. More recent scholarship has shown that view to be an oversimplification. The Suebi eventually migrated south and west to reside for a while in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as Swabia. The Suebi under Ariovistus were invited into Gallia by the Aedui but soon came to dominate them and were fina ...

See also:

Suebi, Suebi - Early history, Suebi - Sueve kingdom of Gallaecia, Suebi - Suebi Kings of Gallaecia

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In the 1st century BC, the Sequani tribe (the most "gaulish of Gauls" according to historian Henri Martin), which was centered around Besançon, settled in Sundgau. From 70 BC, they waged perpetual warfare with their neighbours, the Aedui, calling upon German mercenaires, led by Ariovistus. When the conflict finished, the Germans settled into the region, and the Sequani, to remove them appealed to the Romans. Julius Caesar defeated Ariovistus in 58 BC near Cernay, and a long domination by the Romans commenced. This ended suddenly in 405, whe ...

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Sundgau, Sundgau - Prehistory, Sundgau - History, Sundgau - Organisation, Sundgau - Population, Sundgau - Economy, Sundgau - Transport, Sundgau - Road Network, Sundgau - Railway Network, Sundgau - Canal Network, Sundgau - Tourism, Sundgau - Heritage, Sundgau - Notable Sundgauviens

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First mentioned by Ptolemy (Geography 2.8.8), the Roman city Vindinium was the capital of the Aulerci, a client tribe of the Aedui. Their city lay in the territory of the province of Gallia Lugdunensis. An amphitheatre built in the 3rd century CE is still visible. Gregory of Tours mentions a Frankish sub-king Rigomer, who was killed by Clovis in his campaign to unite the Frankish territories. As the principal city of Maine, Le Mans was the stage for struggles in the 11th century between the counts of Anjou and the ...

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Le Mans, Le Mans - History, Le Mans - Sights, Le Mans - Demographics, Le Mans - Miscellaneous, Le Mans - Motorsports, Le Mans - Births, Le Mans - Others, Le Mans - External link

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2000 years ago the Baltic Sea was known to the Romans as the Mare Suebicum. Partially because of his unfamiliarity with the various Germanic peoples interacting with Rome at the time, the historian Tacitus referred to all eastern Germanic people as Suebi. More recent scholarship has shown that view to be an oversimplification. The Suebi eventually migrated south and west to reside for a while in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as Swabia. The Suebi under Ariovistus were invited into Gallia by the Aedui but soon came to dominate them and were fina ...

See also:

Suebi, Suebi - Early history, Suebi - Suebic kingdom of Gallaecia, Suebi - Suebi Kings of Gallaecia

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In its first century Lugdunum was many times the object of attention or even visits by the emperors or the imperial family. Agrippa, Drusus, Tiberius, and Germanicus were among the governor generals who served in Lugdunum. Augustus is thought to have visited at least three times between 16 and 8 BC. Drusus lived in Lugdunum between 13 and 9 BC. In 10 BC his son Claudius (the future emperor) was born there. Tiberius stopped in Lugdunum in 4-5 BC, on his way to the Rhine, and again in 21 AD, campaigning against the Andecavi. Caligula's visit in 39-40 was longer, stranger, and better documented by Suetonius. Claudius and Ne ...

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Lugdunum, Lugdunum - Name, Lugdunum - Pre-Roman settlements and the area before the founding of the city, Lugdunum - Founding of the Roman city, Lugdunum - Attention from the Emperors, Lugdunum - Growth and prosperity in the first centuries of the Empire, Lugdunum - Christianity and the first martyrs, Lugdunum - The Battle of Lugdunum, Lugdunum - Decline of Lugdunum and the Empire, Lugdunum - Sources and references

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Caesar conquered the Belgae, beginning in 57 BC. He writes that the Belgae were conspiring and arming themselves in response to his earlier conquests, and in response to this threat he raised two new legions and ordered his Gallic allies the Aedui to invade the territory of the Bellovaci. Wary of the numbers and bravery of the Belgae, he initially avoided a pitched battle, resorting mainly to cavalry skirmishes to probe their strengths and weaknesses. Once he was satisfied his troops were a match for them, he made camp on a low hill protected by a marsh at the front and the river Aisne behind, near Bibrax (between mod ...

See also:

Belgae, Belgae - Origins of the Belgae, Belgae - Conquest of the Belgae, Belgae - The Belgae outside Gaul

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The wars began in 58 BC with the large-scale migration of the Helvetii west from what is now Switzerland, which threatened to pass through the Roman province of Transalpine Gaul. Caesar attacked, driving the Helvetii back to their lands (see Helvetian War). Later that year, the Gallic Aedui tribe asked for Roman assistance against their rivals, the Sequani, who had launched an invasion led by the German war leader Ariovistus. Caesar intervened in the conflict and soundly defeated Ariovist ...

See also:

Gallic Wars, Gallic Wars - Interventions, Gallic Wars - Punitive expeditions, Gallic Wars - Consolidation and rebellions, Gallic Wars - Factors for Roman success, Gallic Wars - The Gallic Wars in literature and culture

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Alesia was a hill-top fort surrounded by river valleys, with strong defensive features. As a frontal assault would have been suicidal, Caesar decided upon a siege, hoping to force surrender by starvation. Considering that about 80,000 men were garrisoned in Alesia, together with the local civilian population, this would not take long. To guarantee a perfect blockade, Caesar ordered the construction of an encircling set of fortifications, called a circumvallation, around Alesia. The details of this engineering work are known from Caesar's ...

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Battle of Alesia, Battle of Alesia - Prelude, Battle of Alesia - Siege and battle, Battle of Alesia - Aftermath, Battle of Alesia - Issues in historical reconstruction of the events

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The Suebic kingdom in Gallaecia lasted from 410 to 584 and seems to have enjoyed relatively stable government for most of that time. Historians like José António Lopes Silva, the translator of Idatius' chronicles, the primary written source for the period, find that the essential temper of Galician culture was established in the blending of Ibero-Roman culture with that of the Suebi [1]. The number of the original Suebic invaders is estimated as fewer than 30,000 people, settled mainly in the zones of Braga (Bracara Augusta), Porto, ...

See also:

Suebi, Suebi - Early history, Suebi - Suebic kingdom of Gallaecia, Suebi - Suebi Kings of Gallaecia

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Whether the Belgae were Celts or Germanic tribes occupied 19th century and early 20th century historians. Caesar claims that most of the Belgae were descended from tribes who had long ago crossed the Rhine from Germania. However most of the tribal and personal names recorded are identifiably Celtic. It seems likely that the Belgae had a mixture of Celtic and Germanic ancestry. Perhaps they were Germanic people ruled by a Celtic élite, or were a political alliance of Celtic and Germanic tribes, or, like the later Normans, were a formerly Ger ...

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Belgae, Belgae - Origins of the Belgae, Belgae - Conquest of the Belgae, Belgae - The Belgae outside Gaul

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Julius Caesar had been in Gaul since 58 BC. It was customary for consuls, Rome's highest elected officials, at the end of their consular year, to be appointed governor of one of Rome's provinces by the Roman Senate, and following his first consulship in 59 BC, Caesar was appointed governor of Cisalpine Gaul (the region between the Alps, the Apennines and the Adriatic), and Transalpine Gaul ("Gaul beyond the Alps"). With a proconsular imperium, he ha ...

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Battle of Alesia, Battle of Alesia - Prelude, Battle of Alesia - Siege and battle, Battle of Alesia - Aftermath, Battle of Alesia - Issues in historical reconstruction of the events

Read more here: » Battle of Alesia: Encyclopedia II - Battle of Alesia - Prelude

Alesia proved to be the end of generalized and organized resistance to the Roman invasion of Gaul. The country was then subdued, becoming a Roman province and was eventually subdivided into several smaller administrative divisions. Not until the third century would another independence movement occur (see Gallic Empire). The garrison of Alesia was taken prisoner as well as the survivors of the relief army. They were either sold into slavery or given as booty to Caesar's legionaries, except for the members of the Aedui and Averni tribes, which were released and pardoned to secure t ...

See also:

Battle of Alesia, Battle of Alesia - Prelude, Battle of Alesia - Siege and battle, Battle of Alesia - Aftermath, Battle of Alesia - Issues in historical reconstruction of the events

Read more here: » Battle of Alesia: Encyclopedia II - Battle of Alesia - Aftermath