Active Directory

Active Directory (codename Cascade) is an implementation of LDAP directory services by Microsoft for use in Windows environments. Active Directory allows administrators to assign enterprise wide policies, deploy programs to many computers, and apply critical updates to an entire organization. An Active Directory stores information and settings relating to an organization in a central, organized, accessible database. Active Directory networks can vary from a small installation with a few hundred obj ...

Including:

• Active Directory - Structure
• Active Directory - Objects
• Active Directory - Forests Trees and Domains
• Active Directory - Physical structure and Replication
• Active Directory - Naming
• Active Directory - Trust
• Active Directory - Trusts in Windows 2000 native mode
• Active Directory - Notes

Read more here: » Active Directory: Encyclopedia - Active Directory

Active Directory - Objects. An Active Directory (AD) structure is a hierarchical framework of objects. The objects fall into three broad categories — resources (e.g. printers), services (e.g. e-mail), and people (accounts, or users and groups). The AD provides information on the objects, organizes the objects, controls access, and sets security. Each object represents a single entity — whether a user, a computer, a printer, an application, or a shared data source — and its attributes. Objects ...

See also:

Active Directory, Active Directory - Structure, Active Directory - Objects, Active Directory - Forests Trees and Domains, Active Directory - Physical structure and Replication, Active Directory - Naming, Active Directory - Trust, Active Directory - Trusts in Windows 2000 native mode, Active Directory - Notes

Read more here: » Active Directory: Encyclopedia II - Active Directory - Structure

Multi-master replication - Active Directory. One of the more prevalent of multi-master replication implementations is Microsoft's Active Directory. Within Active Directory, objects that are updated on one Domain Controller are replicated to other domain controllers through multi-master replication. It is not required for all domain controllers to replicate with each other's domain controller as this would cause excessive network traffic in large Active Directory implementations, instead domain controllers have a complex update pattern that ensures that all servers are update ...

See also:

Multi-master replication, Multi-master replication - Implementations, Multi-master replication - Active Directory, Multi-master replication - Oracle

Read more here: » Multi-master replication: Encyclopedia II - Multi-master replication - Implementations

Windows 2000 (also referred to as Win2K, W2K or Windows NT 5.0) is a preemptible and interruptible, graphical, business-oriented operating system that was designed to work with either uniprocessor or symmetric multi-processor (SMP) 32-bit Intel x86 computers. It is part of the Microsoft Windows NT line of operating systems and was released on February 17, 2000. Windows 2000 comes in four versions: Professional, Server, Advanced Server, and Datacenter Server. Additionally, Microsoft offers Windows 2000 Advanced Ser ...

Including:

• Windows 2000 - History
• Windows 2000 - Architecture
• Windows 2000 - User mode
• Windows 2000 - Kernel mode
• Windows 2000 - Common functionality
• Windows 2000 - NTFS 5
• Windows 2000 - Encrypting File System
• Windows 2000 - Basic and dynamic disk storage
• Windows 2000 - Accessibility support
• Windows 2000 - Language & locale support
• Windows 2000 - System utilities
• Windows 2000 - Recovery Console
• Windows 2000 - Server family functionality
• Windows 2000 - Distributed File System
• Windows 2000 - Active Directory
• Windows 2000 - Volume fault tolerance
• Windows 2000 - Versions
• Windows 2000 - Deployment
• Windows 2000 - Total cost of ownership
• Windows 2000 - Notes

Read more here: » Windows 2000: Encyclopedia - Windows 2000

Ad infinitum is a Latin phrase meaning "to infinity." In context, it usually means "continue forever," and thus can be used to describe a non-terminating process, a non-terminating repeating process, or a set of instructions to be repeated "forever," among other uses. It may also be used in a manner similar to the Latin phrase "et cetera" to denote written words or a concept that continues for a lengthy period beyond what is shown. Examples include: "The series 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ... ...

Read more here: » Ad infinitum: Encyclopedia - Ad infinitum

Citrix Systems NASDAQ: CTXS is a U.S. high technology company, based in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, with subsidiary operations in the UK and Australia. Citrix is primarily a software company, but does have a hardware offering since its acquisition of Net6 in late 2004, and of NetScaler in 2005. Citrix offers a suite of products that are intended to provide secure access to applications and content from a wide range of clients. Current products include: Citrix Presentation Server (formerly Citrix MetaFrame) C ...

Read more here: » Citrix Systems: Encyclopedia - Citrix Systems

AD or ad may stand for: .ad, the ccTLD (Internet Top Level Domain) for Andorra AD, the 2-letter ISO 3166-1 country code for Andorra Assistant director Alzheimer's disease Artium Doctor (Doctor of Arts) Media Arrested Development (TV Series), a Fox Network TV program Algemeen Dagblad, a Dutch newspaper. History Civilization of 'Ad, mentioned in the Quran.

Read more here: » AD: Encyclopedia - AD

AppleTalk - AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol. AARP resolves AppleTalk addresses to physical layer, usually MAC, addresses. It is functionally equivalent to ARP. AARP is a fairly simple system. When powered on, an AppleTalk machine broadcasts an AARP probe packet asking for a network address, intending to hear back from controllers such as routers. If no address is provided, one is picked at random from the "base subnet", 0. It then broadcasts another packet saying "I am selecting this address", ...

See also:

AppleTalk, AppleTalk - Design, AppleTalk - Addressing, AppleTalk - Protocols, AppleTalk - AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol, AppleTalk - AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol, AppleTalk - Apple Filing Protocol, AppleTalk - AppleTalk Session Protocol, AppleTalk - AppleTalk Transaction Protocol, AppleTalk - Datagram Delivery Protocol, AppleTalk - Name Binding Protocol, AppleTalk - Printer Access Protocol, AppleTalk - Routing Table Maintenance Protocol, AppleTalk - Zone Information Protocol, AppleTalk - Physical Implementation, AppleTalk - Networking Model, AppleTalk - Cross Platform Solutions

Read more here: » AppleTalk: Encyclopedia II - AppleTalk - Protocols

In NTFS, everything that has anything to do with a file (file name, creation date, access permissions and even contents) is stored as metadata. This elegant, albeit abstract approach allowed easy addition of filesystem features during the course of Windows NT's development – an interesting example is the addition of fields for indexing used by the Active Directory software. File names are stored in Unicode (encoded as UTF-16, although limited to the BMP in early versions before Windows 2000). The downside of this approach is that corruption of a disk ...

See also:

NTFS, NTFS - Internals, NTFS - Interoperability, NTFS - Features, NTFS - Limitations, NTFS - Notes

Read more here: » NTFS: Encyclopedia II - NTFS - Internals

The name folder, presenting an analogy to the file folder used in offices, is common on some operating systems such as Mac OS and, increasingly, Microsoft Windows. Strictly speaking, there is a difference between a directory which is a filing system concept, and the WIMP metaphor that is used to represent it (a folder). Note that the folder metaphor may be misleading with regard to things like file permissions on UNIX: To rename or delete a file you need write permission to the directory that contain ...

See also:

Directory, Directory - The folder metaphor

Read more here: » Directory: Encyclopedia II - Directory - The folder metaphor

Novell NetWare - Early years. Netware was based on the consulting work by SuperSet Software, a group founded by the friends Drew Major, Dale Neibauer, Kyle Powell and later Mark Hurst. This work was based on their classwork at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, starting in October 1981. In 1983 Raymond Noorda engaged the work by the SuperSet team. The team was originally assigned to create a CP/M disk sharing system to help network the CP/M hardware that Novell was selling at the time. The team was p ...

See also:

Novell NetWare, Novell NetWare - History, Novell NetWare - Early years, Novell NetWare - NetWare 3.x, Novell NetWare - NetWare 4.x, Novell NetWare - NetWare 5.x, Novell NetWare - NetWare 6.x, Novell NetWare - Novell Open Enterprise Server, Novell NetWare - Performance, Novell NetWare - File service instead of disk service, Novell NetWare - Efficiency of NetWare Core Protocol NCP, Novell NetWare - Non-preemptive OS designed for network services

Read more here: » Novell NetWare: Encyclopedia II - Novell NetWare - History

The name samba comes from inserting two vowels into the name of the standard protocol used by the Microsoft Windows network file system, "SMB" (server message block). Samba was originally called smbserver but the name was changed because of a trademark notice from the company "Syntax" who sold a product named TotalNet advanced Server, and also owned the trademark for SMBserver. The name "Samba" was arrived at by running the Unix command grep through the system dictionary looking for words that contained the letters S, M, and B in ...

See also:

Samba software, Samba software - Name origins, Samba software - Relations, Samba software - Related software

Read more here: » Samba software: Encyclopedia II - Samba software - Name origins

Despite its near-mythical status in the computer industry, all of the Cairo technologies are now available except one. RPC shipped in Windows NT 3.1. The User Interface shipped (in stripped-down form) in Windows 95. X.500 shipped as part of Active Directory in Windows 2000. X.400 shipped as part of Microsoft Exchange Server. Content Indexing is now a part of Internet Information Server and MSN Search. The remaining component is the object file system, now called WinFS. It was originally planned as part of Windows Vista but has ...

See also:

Cairo operating system, Cairo operating system - Promises, Cairo operating system - Progress

Read more here: » Cairo operating system: Encyclopedia II - Cairo operating system - Progress

Microsoft Certified Professional - Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer. Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer (or MCSE) is the best-known certification. As of 2006, the MCSE is available for two different products, Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003. A candidate must also pass a single design exam and an elective exam for a total of seven exams. Some Windows 2 ...

See also:

Microsoft Certified Professional, Microsoft Certified Professional - Certification Programs, Microsoft Certified Professional - Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer, Microsoft Certified Professional - Microsoft Certified Application Developer, Microsoft Certified Professional - Microsoft Certified Solution Developer, Microsoft Certified Professional - Microsoft Certified Systems Administrator, Microsoft Certified Professional - Microsoft Certified Database Administrator, Microsoft Certified Professional - Microsoft Certified Desktop Support Technician, Microsoft Certified Professional - Microsoft Office Specialist, Microsoft Certified Professional - Microsoft Certified Trainer, Microsoft Certified Professional - Criticism, Microsoft Certified Professional - Microsoft response to criticism

Read more here: » Microsoft Certified Professional: Encyclopedia II - Microsoft Certified Professional - Certification Programs

The OpenLDAP utilities include tools for exporting data from LDAP servers to LDIF (ldapsearch), importing data from LDIF to LDAP servers (ldapadd), and applying a set of changes, described in LDIF, to LDAP servers (ldapmodify and ldapdelete). LDIF is one of the formats for importing and exporting address book data that the address books in Netscape Communicator and in the Mozilla Application Suite support. Microsoft Windows 2000 Server and Windows Server 2003 include an LDIF based command line tool na ...

See also:

LDAP Data Interchange Format, LDAP Data Interchange Format - Tools that employ LDIF, LDAP Data Interchange Format - Examples of LDIF, LDAP Data Interchange Format - RFCs

Read more here: » LDAP Data Interchange Format: Encyclopedia II - LDAP Data Interchange Format - Tools that employ LDIF

There are several interoperability and operational problems that occur with zone transfer. DNS zone transfer - Serial number changes. The preamble portion of zone transfer relies on the serial number, and only the serial number, to determine whether a zone's data have changed, and thus the actual data transfer is required. For some DNS server packages, the serial numbers of SOA resource records are maintained by administrators by hand. Every edit to the database involves making two changes, one to t ...

See also:

DNS zone transfer, DNS zone transfer - Operation, DNS zone transfer - Limitations, DNS zone transfer - Operational problems, DNS zone transfer - Serial number changes, DNS zone transfer - Serial number comparisons, DNS zone transfer - Multiple resource records, DNS zone transfer - Security, DNS zone transfer - Security through obscurity, DNS zone transfer - Denial of front-end service, DNS zone transfer - Denial of back-end service

Read more here: » DNS zone transfer: Encyclopedia II - DNS zone transfer - Operational problems

Applications perform DNS lookups with the aid of a DLL. They call library functions in the DLL, which in turn handle all communications with DNS servers (over UDP or TCP) and return the final results of the lookup back to the applications. Microsoft's DNS client also has optional support for local caching, in the form of a DNS Client service (also known as DNSCACHE). Before they attempt to directly communicate with DNS servers, the library routines first attempt to make a local IPC connection to the DNS Client service on ...

See also:

Microsoft DNS, Microsoft DNS - DNS lookup client, Microsoft DNS - The effects of running the DNS Client service, Microsoft DNS - Differences from other systems, Microsoft DNS - Dynamic DNS Update client, Microsoft DNS - DNS server, Microsoft DNS - Common issues

Read more here: » Microsoft DNS: Encyclopedia II - Microsoft DNS - DNS lookup client

Windows Server 2003 comes with built-in remote administration tools, including a web application and a cut down version of Terminal Services designed for Remote administration. VNC can be used for remote administration of computers, however it is increasingly being used as an equivalent of Terminal Services and Remote Desktop Protocol for multi-user environments. QnextMyPC can be used to connect to your PC from anywhere in the world with just a ...

See also:

Remote administration, Remote administration - Examples of remote administration tasks, Remote administration - Software used for remote administration, Remote administration - Wireless Remote Administration, Remote administration - Wireless Remote Administration Software

Read more here: » Remote administration: Encyclopedia II - Remote administration - Software used for remote administration

Certain features are common across all versions of Windows 2000 (both Professional and the Server versions), among them being NTFS 5, the Microsoft Management Console (MMC), the Encrypting File System (EFS), dynamic and basic disk storage, usability enhancements and multi-language and locale support. Windows 2000 also has several standard system utilities included as standard. As well as these features, Microsoft introduced a new feature to protect critical system files, called Windows File Protection (WFP). This prevents programs (with the ...

See also:

Windows 2000, Windows 2000 - History, Windows 2000 - Architecture, Windows 2000 - User mode, Windows 2000 - Kernel mode, Windows 2000 - Common functionality, Windows 2000 - NTFS 5, Windows 2000 - Encrypting File System, Windows 2000 - Basic and dynamic disk storage, Windows 2000 - Accessibility support, Windows 2000 - Language & locale support, Windows 2000 - System utilities, Windows 2000 - Recovery Console, Windows 2000 - Server family functionality, Windows 2000 - Distributed File System, Windows 2000 - Active Directory, Windows 2000 - Volume fault tolerance, Windows 2000 - Versions, Windows 2000 - Deployment, Windows 2000 - Total cost of ownership, Windows 2000 - Notes

Read more here: » Windows 2000: Encyclopedia II - Windows 2000 - Common functionality

VNC has two parts, a client and a server. The server is the program on the machine that shares its screen, and the client (or viewer) is the program that watches and interacts with the server. VNC is a very simple protocol, based on one graphic primitive: "Put a rectangle of pixel data at a given x, y position". That is, the server sends small rectangles of the framebuffer to the client. This in its simplest form uses a lot of bandwidth, so various methods are used to reduce it. For example, there are various encodings - method ...

See also:

Virtual Network Computing, Virtual Network Computing - History, Virtual Network Computing - How it works, Virtual Network Computing - Security in VNC

Read more here: » Virtual Network Computing: Encyclopedia II - Virtual Network Computing - How it works