Akhenaten, known as Amenhotep IV at the start of his reign, was a Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt. He is thought to have been born to Amenhotep III and his Chief Queen Tiy in the year 26 of their reign (1379 BC or 1362 BC). Amenhotep IV succeeded his father after Amenhotep III's death at the end of his 38-year reign, possibly after a co-regency between the two of up to 12 years. Suggested dates for Akhenaten's reign (subject to the debates surrounding Egyptian chronology) are from 1353 BC-1336 BC or 1351 BC-1334 BC. Akhenaten's chief wife was Nefertiti, who has been made famous by her exquisitely pa ...

Including:

Akhenaten - Atenist revolution Akhenaten - Depictions of the Pharaoh and his family Akhenaten - Problems of the reign Akhenaten - Plague and pandemic Akhenaten - Family Akhenaten - Burial Akhenaten - Succession Akhenaten - Akhenaten in the arts

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See also:

Gigantism, Gigantism - Pituitary gigantism, Gigantism - Other conditions of overgrowth or excessive tallness in childhood, Gigantism - Etymology and terminology, Gigantism - List of giants

Read more here: » Gigantism: Encyclopedia II - Gigantism - Other conditions of overgrowth or excessive tallness in childhood

Genetic factors, usually polygenic, form disease background in a prevailing number of patients. Environmental factors like obesity, lack of exercise and sedentary lifestyle sometimes lead to insulin resistance. Insulin resistance means that body cells do not respond appropriately when insulin is present. Other important contributing factors: increased hepatic glucose production (eg, from protein degradation) decreased insulin-mediated glucose transport in muscle and adipose tissues (receptor and post-receptor defects) impaired beta-cell function - loss of early phase of ...

See also:

Diabetes mellitus type 2, Diabetes mellitus type 2 - Pathophysiology, Diabetes mellitus type 2 - Treatment

Read more here: » Diabetes mellitus type 2: Encyclopedia II - Diabetes mellitus type 2 - Pathophysiology

Charles II (Carlos Segundo) of Spain (November 6, 1661–November 1, 1700) was king of Spain, Naples, and Sicily, nearly all of Italy (except Piedmont, the Papal States and Venice), and Spain's overseas Empire, stretching from Mexico to the Philippines. Charles was the only surviving son of his Habsburg predecessor, King Philip IV of Spain and his second Queen (and niece), Mariana of Austria, another Habsburg. His birth was greeted with joy by the Spaniards, who feared the disputed succession w ...

Including:

Charles II of Spain - Reign Charles II of Spain - Assuring the Succession

Read more here: » Charles II of Spain: Encyclopedia - Charles II of Spain

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (formerly called diabetes mellitus type II, non-insulin-dependent diabetes, NIDDM or adult-onset diabetes) is a long-term metabolic disorder that is primarily characterized by insulin resistance, relative insulin deficiency, and hyperglycemia. Unlike Type 1 diabetes, there is little tendency toward ketoacidosis in Type 2 diabetics. Complex and multifactorial metabolic changes lead to damage and function impairment of many organs, most importantly the cardiovascular system. This leads to substantially increased ...

Including:

Diabetes mellitus type 2 - Pathophysiology Diabetes mellitus type 2 - Treatment

Read more here: » Diabetes mellitus type 2: Encyclopedia - Diabetes mellitus type 2

Bovine somatotropin (bST), or bovine growth hormone (BGH), is a protein hormone that occurs naturally in the pituitary gland of cattle. It is a factor controlling the amount of milk produced by a dairy cow. Bovine somatotropin is naturally in the milk extracted from a cow. Bovine somatotropin - Physiology. Because of protein homology, bovine growth hormone (GH) cross-reacts with the receptors of prolactin and placental lactogen — two hormones that stimulate mammary tissue to produce more milk. ...

Including:

Bovine somatotropin - Physiology Bovine somatotropin - Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin rbST and rBGH
Bovine somatotropin - Politics
Bovine somatotropin - External references

Read more here: » Bovine somatotropin: Encyclopedia - Bovine somatotropin

Carel Struycken (born July 30, 1948 in The Hague, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands) is a character actor in film, television, and stage. He is an exceptionally tall man at 7' (213 cm) and thus is often called upon to play character or comedic roles in which height plays a major part. Notably he was featured as Mr. Homn on the television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, as Lurch the butler in the Addams Family films The Addams Family, Addams Family Values, and Addams Family Reunion, and as ...

Read more here: » Carel Struycken: Encyclopedia - Carel Struycken

Image:Bromocriptine.png Bromocriptine G02CB01 N04BC01 Bromocriptine is an ergoline derivative dopamine agonist that is used in the treatment of pituitary tumors and Parkinson's disease. Amenorrhea, female infertility, galactorrhea, hypogonadism, and acromegaly may all be caused by pituitary problems, and therefore, these problems may be treated by this drug. It is also used following stillbirth to suppress the mother's produc ...

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André the Giant (May 19, 1946 – January 27, 1993) was a professional wrestler and actor, born André René Roussimoff in Molien, France. His great size was a result of acromegaly, or excessive growth hormone, and led to him being dubbed "The Eighth Wonder of the World." André the Giant - Career. Roussimoff was one of the best known and most respected professional wrestlers in the world. Born to French parents of Bulgarian and Polish descent in a small farm near Ussy-sur-Marne, he left home in his ...

Including:

André the Giant - Career André the Giant - Legacy André the Giant - Personal Life André the Giant - Additional facts
André the Giant - Managers André the Giant - Finishing and signature moves
André the Giant - Filmography André the Giant - Championships and accomplishments André the Giant - Video games

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Pituitary gigantism due to growth hormone excess is the single condition that accounts for nearly all cases of pathologic extreme height. The excess growth hormone usually results from oversecretion by a group of somatotrope cells of the anterior pituitary gland (termed a "somatotrope adenoma"). These cells do not respond to normal controls of growth or function. They grow very slowly, so that for many years the only effects of such an ade ...

See also:

Gigantism, Gigantism - Pituitary gigantism, Gigantism - Other conditions of overgrowth or excessive tallness in childhood, Gigantism - Etymology and terminology, Gigantism - List of giants

Read more here: » Gigantism: Encyclopedia II - Gigantism - Pituitary gigantism

Goliath (גָּלְיָת "Passage; revolution", Standard Hebrew Golyat, Tiberian Hebrew Golyāṯ) is a Philistine warrior mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. He is famous for his battle with the Jewish King David (in the 11th century BC) He hailed from Gath, one of five ancient city states in Philistia. Goliath Bible - Account in the Hebrew Bible. According to the First Book of Samuel in the Hebrew Bible, the Philistine army marched into southern Israel to make war on the Israelites, but i ...

Including:

Goliath Bible - Account in the Hebrew Bible
Goliath Bible - Textual conflicts
Goliath Bible - Extra-Biblical evidence Goliath Bible - Islam Goliath Bible - Medical speculation Goliath Bible - Machiavelli Goliath Bible - Idiomatic use Goliath Bible - External link

Read more here: » Goliath Bible: Encyclopedia - Goliath Bible

Patients at risk for osteoporosis (e.g. steroid use) are generally treated with vitamin D and calcium supplements. In renal disease, a different form of Vitamin D (1.25 dihydroxycholecalciferol) is used, as the kidney cannot adequately activate vitamin D from precursors. In osteoporosis (or a very high risk), bisphosphonate drugs are prescribed. The most often prescribed bisphosphonates are presently sodium alendronate (Fosamax®) 10 mg a day or 70 mg once a week, risedronate (Actonel®) 5mg a day or 35mg once a week or and ibandronat ...

See also:

Osteoporosis, Osteoporosis - Signs and symptoms, Osteoporosis - Clinical picture, Osteoporosis - Risk factors, Osteoporosis - Diagnosis, Osteoporosis - Etiology, Osteoporosis - Pathogenesis, Osteoporosis - Epidemiology, Osteoporosis - Natural history, Osteoporosis - Treatment, Osteoporosis - Prognosis, Osteoporosis - Notes

Read more here: » Osteoporosis: Encyclopedia II - Osteoporosis - Treatment

In the last two decades, GH has also been increasingly used for children and adults who are not severely deficient, either to enhance growth or for other reasons. Growth hormone treatment - GH treatment for other types of shortness. Many conditions besides GH deficiency cause poor growth. GH therapy has been shown to improve short-term growth in many conditions, but long-term height gains are usually poorer than those achieved when GH deficiency is the cause of shortness. Higher ("pharmacologic") doses are typically required to achieve ef ...

See also:

Growth hormone treatment, Growth hormone treatment - Terminology and glossary, Growth hormone treatment - Treatment of GH deficiency in children, Growth hormone treatment - Treatment of adult GH deficiency, Growth hormone treatment - Other GH uses and treatment indications, Growth hormone treatment - GH treatment for other types of shortness, Growth hormone treatment - GH treatment for other benefits beyond height, Growth hormone treatment - Risks of GH treatment, Growth hormone treatment - Ethical issues, Growth hormone treatment - History, Growth hormone treatment - Extraction for treatment, Growth hormone treatment - Synthetic HGH=

Read more here: » Growth hormone treatment: Encyclopedia II - Growth hormone treatment - Other GH uses and treatment indications

rbST (Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin) or rBGH (Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone) is a controversial, genetically engineered version of the Bovine Growth Hormone used for increasing milk production in cows. While it is used in the United States, it is banned in Canada, the EU{The EU has actually taken a stance leaving it up to separate nations. One thing that they did not do is set a "maximum safe amount" of rBST which is actually ...

See also:

Bovine somatotropin, Bovine somatotropin - Physiology, Bovine somatotropin - Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin rbST and rBGH, Bovine somatotropin - Related legal actions, Bovine somatotropin - Politics, Bovine somatotropin - External references

Read more here: » Bovine somatotropin: Encyclopedia II - Bovine somatotropin - Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin rbST and rBGH

The years of Charles II were agonizing for Spain. The economy was stagnant, there was hunger in the land, and the power of the monarchy over the various Spanish provinces was extremely weak. Charles' unfitness for rule meant he was often ignored and power during his reign became the subject of court intrigues and foreign, particularly French, influence. His mother was his regent during much of his reign. Though she was exiled by the king's illegitimate brother John of Austria the Younger, she return ...

See also:

Charles II of Spain, Charles II of Spain - Reign, Charles II of Spain - Assuring the Succession

Read more here: » Charles II of Spain: Encyclopedia II - Charles II of Spain - Reign

HGH and hGH refer to "human growth hormone." The reader may be curious as to why only this hormone is still often referred to as "human" when the term could obviously be appended to every hormone in the article Hormone. After three-letter abbreviations of amino acids were found so useful in the 1950s, endocrinologists in the 1950s tended to favor 3 letter abbreviations even for two-word hormones. At that time, most of the hormones available for administration, especially the proteins, were derived from animals. Most were simil ...

See also:

HGH controversies, HGH controversies - Background on HGH and terminology, HGH controversies - Adult growth hormone deficiency, HGH controversies - Background on hormonal aspects of aging, HGH controversies - The origin of the HGH industry: Rudman and Klatz, HGH controversies - Unproven aspects of real GH use in aging adults, HGH controversies - How these concepts are used misleadingly to market products on the internet

Read more here: » HGH controversies: Encyclopedia II - HGH controversies - Background on HGH and terminology

All actions of the hormone are inhibitory. Somatostatin's main actions are: inhibits the release of growth hormone (GH) inhibits the release of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) suppresses the release of gastrointestinal hormones gastrin cholecystokinin (CCK) secretin motilin vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) enteroglucagon (GIP) prolongs gastric emptying, gall bladder contraction and ...

See also:

Somatostatin, Somatostatin - Actions, Somatostatin - Synthetic substitutes

Read more here: » Somatostatin: Encyclopedia II - Somatostatin - Actions

Born to French parents of Bulgarian and Polish descent in a small farm near Ussy-sur-Marne, he left home in his adolescence to become a pro wrestler. He was billed at a height of 7'4" (2.24m) and sometimes 7'5" (2.26m) with a weight which ranged from 380 to 525 pounds. His correct height is contested but the last time he was legitimately measured at the age of 24, he was 6 feet and 9 3/4 inches tall (2.08m) 1. The great exaggeration of his height probably comes from the fact that Kareem Abdul-Jabbar was the tallest athlete in the ...

See also:

André the Giant, André the Giant - Career, André the Giant - Legacy, André the Giant - Personal Life, André the Giant - Additional facts, André the Giant - Managers, André the Giant - Finishing and signature moves, André the Giant - Filmography, André the Giant - Championships and accomplishments, André the Giant - Championship Succession, André the Giant - Video games

Read more here: » André the Giant: Encyclopedia II - André the Giant - Career

Paul Wight - World Championship Wrestling. Paul Wight became involved in professional wrestling when Danny Bonaduce introduced him to Hulk Hogan at a charity basketball event in early 1995. Wight trained at Larry Sharpe's Monster Factory for seven months and then signed with World Championship Wrestling. He polished his skills at the WCW Power Plant, where at one point he possesse ...

See also:

Paul Wight, Paul Wight - Career, Paul Wight - World Championship Wrestling, Paul Wight - World Wrestling Federation, Paul Wight - World Wrestling Entertainment, Paul Wight - Wrestling facts, Paul Wight - Finishing and signature moves, Paul Wight - Managers, Paul Wight - Championships and accomplishments, Paul Wight - Championship succession, Paul Wight - Acting career, Paul Wight - Personal life

Read more here: » Paul Wight: Encyclopedia II - Paul Wight - Career

rbST (Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin) or rBGH (Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone) is a controversial, genetically engineered version of the Bovine Growth Hormone used for increasing milk production in cows. While it is used in the United States, it is banned in Canada, the EU, Australia, and New Zealand. Monsanto developed a recombinant version of bST (rbST), which goes by the brand name Posilac®. Injected into dairy cattle, the product can increase milk production from 10% up to 40%. In November 1993, the product was approved for u ...

See also:

Bovine somatotropin, Bovine somatotropin - Physiology, Bovine somatotropin - Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin rbST and rBGH, Bovine somatotropin - Politics, Bovine somatotropin - External references

Read more here: » Bovine somatotropin: Encyclopedia II - Bovine somatotropin - Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin rbST and rBGH