In chemistry and biochemistry, acid dissociation constant, the acidity constant, or the acid-ionization constant (Ka) is a specific type of equilibrium constant that indicates the extent of dissociation of hydrogen ions from an acid. It is important to remember that the term [H2O] is omitted from the general equilibrium constant expression. While strong acids dissociate practically completely in solution and consequently have large acidity constants, weak acids do not fully dissociate and gen ...

Including:

• Acid dissociation constant - Basicity constant of the conjugate base
• Acid dissociation constant - Relationship between acidity and basicity constants
• Acid dissociation constant - The Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases
• Acid dissociation constant - pKa of some common substances

Read more here: » Acid dissociation constant: Encyclopedia - Acid dissociation constant

See also:

Acid dissociation constant, Acid dissociation constant - Basicity constant of the conjugate base, Acid dissociation constant - Relationship between acidity and basicity constants, Acid dissociation constant - The Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases, Acid dissociation constant - pKa of some common substances

Read more here: » Acid dissociation constant: Encyclopedia II - Acid dissociation constant - The Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases

By analogy, one can define the basicity constant (Kb) and the pKb of the conjugate base A–: pKb = −log10Kb This is the dissociation constant for the equi ...

See also:

Acid dissociation constant, Acid dissociation constant - Basicity constant of the conjugate base, Acid dissociation constant - Relationship between acidity and basicity constants, Acid dissociation constant - The Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases, Acid dissociation constant - pKa of some common substances

Read more here: » Acid dissociation constant: Encyclopedia II - Acid dissociation constant - Basicity constant of the conjugate base

Ka may mean: Ka , Fire Kà (Cirque du Soleil), a troupe based at the MGM Grand Las Vegas Ka (cyrillic), a letter of Cyrillic alphabet Ka (Dark Tower), a sort of karma in Stephen King's Dark Tower series Ka is the Acid dissociation constant, in chemistry A part of the soul in Egyptian mythology The particle that marks a question in Japanese grammar Ford Ka, model of car made by Ford Kamov, a Russian aircraft design bureau Mister Ka, main cha ...

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Carbonic acid is a carbon-containing acid with the formula H2CO3. It is also a name sometimes given to solutions of carbon dioxide in water, which contain small amounts of H2CO3. The salts of carbonic acids are called bicarbonates (or hydrogencarbonates) and carbonates. Carbon dioxide dissolved in water is in equilibrium with carbonic acid: CO2 + H2 ...

Including:

• Carbonic acid - Acidity of carbonic acid
• Carbonic acid - Instability of carbonic acid
• Carbonic acid - Carbonic acid and rain water

Read more here: » Carbonic acid: Encyclopedia - Carbonic acid

Acid-base reaction theories pH Self-ionization of water Buffer solutions Systematic naming Redox reactions Electrochemistry Acids: Strong acids Weak acids Bases: Strong bases Weak bases For the cyber novellete by Nadeem Parachee, see Acidity (Novelette). An acid (from Arabic Azait meaning oil, often represented by the generic formula AH) ...

Including:

• Acid - Chemical characteristics
• Acid - Number of acid dissociations
• Acid - Characteristics of acids
• Acid - Different definitions of acid/base
• Acid - Acid number
• Acid - Neutralization
• Acid - Naming acids
• Acid - Common acids
• Acid - Strong inorganic acids
• Acid - Medium to weak inorganic acids
• Acid - Weak organic acids
• Acid - Acids in food
• Acid - Sources

Read more here: » Acid: Encyclopedia - Acid

Acid-base reaction theories pH Self-ionization of water Buffer solutions Systematic naming Redox reactions Electrochemistry Acids: Strong acids Weak acids Bases: Strong bases Weak bases A weak acid is an acid that does not fully ionize in solution; that is, if the acid was represented by the general formula HA, then in aqueous solution a significant amount of undissolved HA still remains. HA(aq) H+Including:

• Weak acid - Examples

Read more here: » Weak acid: Encyclopedia - Weak acid

In chemistry any solvent that carries hydrogen attached to oxygen as in a hydroxyl group, nitrogen as in a amine group, or, more generally, any molecular solvent which contains dissociable H+, such as hydrogen fluoride, is called a protic solvent. The molecules of such solvents can donate an H+ (proton). Common characteristics: solvents display hydrogen bonding solvents are acidic solvents are able to stabilise ions cations by unshared free electron pairs anions by hydrogen bonding Examples are water, methanol, ...

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Acid-base reaction theories pH Self-ionization of water Buffer solutions Systematic naming Redox reactions Electrochemistry Acids: Strong acids Weak acids Bases: Strong bases Weak bases Buffer solutions are solutions which resist change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base. As a consequence of this definition, the theory of buffer solutions presented in this article uses the Arrhenius and B ...

Including:

• Buffer solution - Applications
• Buffer solution - Illustration of a buffer solution in action
• Buffer solution - Illustration of the effect of buffer solutions on pH
• Buffer solution - Common Buffer Compounds used in Biology
• Buffer solution - Making buffer solutions
• Buffer solution - Citric acid-phosphate buffer
• Buffer solution - Calculating pH of buffer

Read more here: » Buffer solution: Encyclopedia - Buffer solution

Acid-base reaction theories pH Self-ionization of water Buffer solutions Systematic naming Redox reactions Electrochemistry Acids: Strong acids Weak acids Bases: Strong bases Weak bases An acid-base reaction is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base. Acid-base reaction theories - Common acid-base theories. Acid-base reaction theories - Lavoisier's definiti ...

Including:

• Acid-base reaction theories - Common acid-base theories
• Acid-base reaction theories - Lavoisier's definition
• Acid-base reaction theories - The Arrhenius definition
• Acid-base reaction theories - The protonic Brønsted-Lowry definition
• Acid-base reaction theories - The solvent-system definition
• Acid-base reaction theories - The electronic Lewis definition
• Acid-base reaction theories - Other acid-base theories
• Acid-base reaction theories - The Usanovich definition

Read more here: » Acid-base reaction theories: Encyclopedia - Acid-base reaction theories

Acid-base reaction theories pH Self-ionization of water Buffer solutions Systematic naming Redox reactions Electrochemistry Acids: Strong acids Weak acids Bases: Strong bases Weak bases The common (Arrhenius) definition of a base is a chemical compound that absorbs hydronium ions when dissolved in water (a proton acceptor). An alkali is a special example of a base, where in an aqueous environment, h ...

Including:

• Base chemistry - Common bases
• Base chemistry - Bases and pH
• Base chemistry - Characteristics of Bases
• Base chemistry - Neutralization of acids
• Base chemistry - Alkalinity of non-hydroxides
• Base chemistry - Bases as heterogeneous catalysts

Read more here: » Base chemistry: Encyclopedia - Base chemistry

Vanabins (also known as vanadium-associated proteins or vanadium chromagen) are a class of metalloproteins containing vanadium. Found only in the blood of some ascidians and tunicates (sea squirts), these organisms are able to concentrate vanadium to a level more than 100 times higher than in the surrounding seawater. Vanabin proteins seem to be involved in collecting and accumulating this metal ion. At present there is no conclusive understanding of why these organisms collect vanadium, and it remains a biological myste ...

Including:

• Vanabins - Theories
• Vanabins - Vanabins as oxygen carriers
• Vanabins - Vanabins not oxygen carriers
• Vanabins - Technological use of vanabins

Read more here: » Vanabins: Encyclopedia - Vanabins

Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is an organic chemical compound best recognized for giving vinegar its sour taste and pungent smell. Pure water-free acetic acid is a colourless hygroscopic liquid (that is, it readily absorbs water) that freezes below 16.7 °C (62 °F) to a colourless crystalline solid. Acetic acid is corrosive, and its vapour is irritating to eyes and nose, although it is a weak acid based ...

Including:

• Acetic acid - Nomenclature
• Acetic acid - History
• Acetic acid - Chemical properties
• Acetic acid - Biochemistry
• Acetic acid - Production
• Acetic acid - Methanol carbonylation
• Acetic acid - Acetaldehyde oxidation
• Acetic acid - Ethylene oxidation
• Acetic acid - Fermentation
• Acetic acid - Applications
• Acetic acid - Vinyl acetate monomer
• Acetic acid - Acetic anhydride
• Acetic acid - Ester production
• Acetic acid - Vinegar
• Acetic acid - Use as solvent
• Acetic acid - Other applications
• Acetic acid - Safety

Read more here: » Acetic acid: Encyclopedia - Acetic acid

Absorption, in chemistry, is a physical or chemical phenomenon or a process in which atoms, molecules, or ions enter some bulk phase - gas, liquid or solid material. This is a different process from adsorption, since the molecules are taken up by the volume, not by surface. A more general term is sorption which covers adsorption, absorption, and ion exchange. If absorption is a physical process not accompanied by any other physical or chemical process, it usually follows the Nernst partition law: "the ratio of concentrations of some solute species in two bulk phases in contact is c ...

Including:

• Absorption chemistry - Technical example

Read more here: » Absorption chemistry: Encyclopedia - Absorption chemistry

Acid-base reaction theories pH Self-ionization of water Buffer solutions Systematic naming Redox reactions Electrochemistry Acids: Strong acids Weak acids Bases: Strong bases Weak bases In chemistry, a weak base is a chemical base that does not ionize fully in an aqueous solution. As bases are proton acceptors, a weak base may also be defined as a chemical base in which protonation is incomplete. This resu ...

Including:

• Weak base - Percentage protonated
• Weak base - A typical pH problem
• Weak base - Examples

Read more here: » Weak base: Encyclopedia - Weak base

Biotin, also known as vitamin H or B7 and C10H16N2O3S (Biotin; Coenzyme R, Biopeiderm), is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin which is composed of an ureido ring fused with a tetrahydrothiophene ring. A valeric acid substituent is attached to one of the carbon atoms of the tetrahydrothiophene ring. Biotin is important in the catalysis of essential metabolic reactions to synthesize fatty acids, in gluconeogenesis, and to metabolize leucine. It is commonly found in pyr ...

Including:

• Biotin - General overview
• Biotin - Uses
• Biotin - Hair problems
• Biotin - Cradle cap seborrheic dermatitis
• Biotin - Diabetes
• Biotin - Biotin deficiency
• Biotin - Biochemistry

Read more here: » Biotin: Encyclopedia - Biotin

Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3. At standard temperature and pressure ammonia is a gas. It is toxic and corrosive to some materials, and has a characteristic pungent odor. An ammonia molecule is not flat, but has the shape of a compressed tetrahedron known as a trigonal pyramid, as would be expected from VSEPR theory. This shape gives the molecule an overall dipole moment and makes it polar so that ammonia very readily dissolves in water. The nitrogen atom in the molecule has a lon ...

Including:

• Ammonia - History
• Ammonia - Production
• Ammonia - Properties
• Ammonia - Acidity
• Ammonia - Formation of other compounds
• Ammonia - Ammonia as a ligand
• Ammonia - Uses
• Ammonia - Liquid ammonia as a solvent
• Ammonia - Solubility of salts
• Ammonia - Solutions of metals
• Ammonia - Redox properties of liquid ammonia
• Ammonia - Detection and determination
• Ammonia - Safety precautions
• Ammonia - Toxicity
• Ammonia - Household use
• Ammonia - Laboratory use of ammonia solutions
• Ammonia - Laboratory use of anhydrous ammonia gas or liquid
• Ammonia - Reference
• Ammonia - Bibliography

Read more here: » Ammonia: Encyclopedia - Ammonia

In chemistry, concentration is the measure of how much of a given substance there is mixed with another substance. This can apply to any sort of chemical mixture, but most frequently is used in relation to solutions, where it refers to the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent. To concentrate a solution, one must add more solute, or reduce the amount of solvent (for instance, by selective evaporation). By contrast, to dilute a solution, one must add more solvent, or reduce the amount of solute. ...

Including:

• Concentration - Qualitative notation
• Concentration - Quantitative notation
• Concentration - Mass percentage
• Concentration - Mass-volume percentage
• Concentration - Volume-volume percentage
• Concentration - Molarity
• Concentration - Molality
• Concentration - Molinity
• Concentration - Normality
• Concentration - Mole fraction
• Concentration - Formal
• Concentration - Parts-per notation
• Concentration - Techniques used to determine concentration
• Concentration - Table of concentration measures

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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of all cellular forms of life (and most viruses). DNA is a long polymer of nucleotides and encodes the sequence of the amino acid residues in proteins using the genetic code, a triplet code of nucleotides. In complex cells (eukaryotes), such as those from plants, animals, fungi and protists, most of the DNA is located in the cell nucleus. By contrast, in simpler cells called prokaryotes (the eubacter ...

Including:

• DNA - Overview
• DNA - DNA in practice
• DNA - DNA in crime
• DNA - DNA in computation
• DNA - Overview of molecular structure
• DNA - The role of the sequence
• DNA - DNA replication
• DNA - Mechanical properties relevant to biology
• DNA - Strands association and dissociation
• DNA - Circular DNA
• DNA - Great length versus tiny breadth
• DNA - Entropic stretching behavior
• DNA - Different helix geometries
• DNA - Non-helical forms
• DNA - Direction of DNA strands
• DNA - Chemical nomenclature 5' and 3'
• DNA - Sense and antisense
• DNA - Distinction between sense and antisense strands
• DNA - As viewed by topologists
• DNA - Single-stranded DNA ssDNA and repair of mutations
• DNA - The history of DNA research
• DNA - First isolation of DNA
• DNA - Establishing a link between heritable traits and chromosomes
• DNA - Discovery of the structure of DNA
• DNA - Bibliography

Read more here: » DNA: Encyclopedia - DNA

For the deprotonation of acids, K is known as Ka, the acid dissociation constant. Stronger acids, for example sulfuric or phosphoric acid, have larger dissociation constants; weaker acids, like acetic acid, have smaller dissociation constants. A molecule can have several acid dissociation constants. In this regard, that is depending on the number of the protons they can give up, we define monoprotic, diprotic and triprotic acids. The first (e.g. acetic acid or ammonium) have only one dissociable group, the second (ca ...

See also:

Dissociation constant, Dissociation constant - pK, Dissociation constant - Acid base reactions

Read more here: » Dissociation constant: Encyclopedia II - Dissociation constant - Acid base reactions