Abductive reasoning - Set-Cover Abduction

Abduction, or abductive reasoning, is the process of reasoning to the best explanations. In other words, it is the reasoning process that starts from a set of facts and derives their most likely explanations. The term abduction is sometimes used to mean just the generation of hypotheses to explain observations or conclusions, but the former definition is more common both in philosophy and computing. Deduction and abduction differ in the direction in which a rule like “a entail ...

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• Abductive reasoning - Logic-based Abduction
• Abductive reasoning - Set-Cover Abduction
• Abductive reasoning - History of the concept
• Abductive reasoning - Applications

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A different formalization of abduction is based on inverting the function that calculates the visible effects of the hypotheses. Formally, we are given a set of hypotheses H and a set of manifestations M; they are related by the domain knowledge, represented by a function e that takes as an argument a set of hypotheses and gives as a result the corresponding set of manifestations. In other words, for every subset of the hypotheses , their effects are kn ...

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Abductive reasoning, Abductive reasoning - Logic-based Abduction, Abductive reasoning - Set-Cover Abduction, Abductive reasoning - History of the concept, Abductive reasoning - Applications

Read more here: » Abductive reasoning: Encyclopedia II - Abductive reasoning - Set-Cover Abduction

In logic, abduction is done from a logical theory T representing a domain and a set of observations O. Abduction is the process of deriving a set of explanations of O according to T. For E to be an explanation of O according to T, it should satisfy two conditions: See also:

Abductive reasoning, Abductive reasoning - Logic-based Abduction, Abductive reasoning - Set-Cover Abduction, Abductive reasoning - History of the concept, Abductive reasoning - Applications

Read more here: » Abductive reasoning: Encyclopedia II - Abductive reasoning - Logic-based Abduction

Abduction has been applied in artificial intelligence for various tasks. The most direct application of abduction is that of automatically detect faults in systems: given a theory relating faults and manifestation and a set of manifestations (the visible effects of faults), abduction can be used to derive some set of faults that are likely to be the cause of the problem. Abduction can also be used to model automated planning. Given a logical theory relating action occurrences with their effects (for example, a formula of the event cal ...

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Abductive reasoning, Abductive reasoning - Logic-based Abduction, Abductive reasoning - Set-Cover Abduction, Abductive reasoning - History of the concept, Abductive reasoning - Applications

Read more here: » Abductive reasoning: Encyclopedia II - Abductive reasoning - Applications

The philosopher Charles Peirce introduced abduction into modern logic. In his works before 1900, he mostly uses the term to mean the use of a known rule to explain an observation, e.g., “if it rains the grass is wet” is a known rule used to explain that the grass is wet. He later used the term to mean creating new rules to explain new observations, emphasising that abduction is the only logical process that actually creates anything new. Namely, he described the process of science as a combination of abduction, deduction and implicati ...

See also:

Abductive reasoning, Abductive reasoning - Logic-based Abduction, Abductive reasoning - Set-Cover Abduction, Abductive reasoning - History of the concept, Abductive reasoning - Applications

Read more here: » Abductive reasoning: Encyclopedia II - Abductive reasoning - History of the concept