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Walnut - Species and classification

Walnut - Species and classification: Encyclopedia II - Walnut - Species and classification

The best-known member of the genus is the Persian Walnut or Common Walnut (Juglans regia), native from the Balkans in southeast Europe, southwest & central Asia to the Himalaya and southwest China. This is the species which is widely cultivated for its delicious nuts. The Persian Walnut is often but incorrectly known as "English Walnut" in the United States (the species is not native to England). The world's largest and oldest wild walnut forests are in Jalal-Abad province of Kyrgyzstan, at Arslanbob. The Black Wa ...

Walnut: Encyclopedia II - Walnut - Species and classification

Walnut - Species and classification

Sect. Juglans. Leaves large (20-45 cm) with 5-9 broad leaflets, hairless, margins entire. Wood hard. Southeast Europe to central Asia.
- Juglans regia L. (J. duclouxiana Dode, J. fallax Dode, J. orientis Dode) - Persian Walnut, Common Walnut
- Juglans sigillata Dode - Iron Walnut (doubtfully distinct from J. regia)
Sect. Rhysocaryon. Leaves large (20-50 cm) with 11-23 slender leaflets, finely pubescent, margins serrated. Wood hard. North America, South America.
- Juglans australis Griseb. (J. boliviana Dode) - Argentine Walnut
- Juglans brasiliensis Dode - Brazilian Walnut
- Juglans californica S.Wats. - California Walnut
- Juglans hindsii (Jepson) R.E.Smith - Hinds' Walnut
- Juglans hirsuta Manning - Nuevo Leon Walnut
- Juglans jamaicensis C.DC. (J. insularis Griseb.) - West Indies Walnut
- Juglans major (Torrey) Heller (J. arizonica Dode, J. elaeopyron Dode, J. torreyi Dode) - Arizona Walnut
  - Juglans major var. glabrata Manning
- Juglans microcarpa Berlandier (J. rupestris Engelm.) - Texas walnut
  - Juglans microcarpa var. stewartii (Johnston) Manning
- Juglans mollis Engelm. - Mexican Walnut
- Juglans neotropica Diels (J. honorei Dode) - Andean Walnut
- Juglans nigra L. - Black Walnut
- Juglans olanchana Standl. & L.O.Williams -
- Juglans peruviana Dode - Peruvian Walnut
- Juglans soratensis Manning -
- Juglans steyermarkii Manning - Guatemalan Walnut
- Juglans venezuelensis Manning - Venezuela Walnut
Sect. Cardiocaryon. Leaves very large (40-90 cm) with 11-19 broad leaflets, softly downy, margins serrated. Wood soft. Northeast Asia, eastern North America.
- Juglans ailantifolia Carr. (J. cordiformis Maxim., J. sieboldiana Maxim.) - Japanese Walnut or Heartnut
- Juglans cinerea L. - Butternut
- Juglans mandschurica Maxim. (J. cathayensis Dode, J. formosana Hayata, J. hopeiensis Dode, J. stenocarpa Maxim.) - Chinese Walnut or Manchurian Walnut

The best-known member of the genus is the Persian Walnut or Common Walnut (Juglans regia), native from the Balkans in southeast Europe, southwest & central Asia to the Himalaya and southwest China. This is the species which is widely cultivated for its delicious nuts. The Persian Walnut is often but incorrectly known as "English Walnut" in the United States (the species is not native to England). The world's largest and oldest wild walnut forests are in Jalal-Abad province of Kyrgyzstan, at Arslanbob.

The Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) is a common species in its native eastern North America, and is also widely cultivated elsewhere. The nuts are edible, but have a smaller kernel and an extremely tough shell, and they are not widely grown for nut production.

The Butternut or Butternut Walnut (Juglans cinerea) is also native to eastern North America, where it is currently endangered by an introduced disease, butternut canker, caused by the fungus Sirococcus clavigignenti. Its leaves are 40-60 cm long, and the nuts oval.

The Japanese Walnut (Juglans ailantifolia) is similar to Butternut, distinguished by the larger leaves up to 90 cm long, and round (not oval) nuts.

Hybrids

Juglans x bixbyi Rehd. - J. ailantifolia x J. cinerea
Juglans x intermedia Carr. - J. nigra x J. regia
Juglans x notha Rehd. - J. ailantifolia x J. regia
Juglans x quadrangulata (Carr.) Rehd. - J. cinerea x J. regia
Juglans x sinensis (D. C.) Rehd. - J. mandschurica x J. regia
Juglans x paradox Burbank - J. hindsii x J. regia
Juglans x royal Burbank - J. hindsii x J. nigra

Other related archives

Argentina, Arslanbob, Asia, Balkans, Black Walnut, Brown-tail, Butternut, California, Canada, China, Common Emerald, Emperor Moth, England, Europe, Fagales, Himalaya, Jalal-Abad, Japan, Japanese Walnut, Juglandaceae, Kyrgyzstan, Lepidoptera, New World, North America, Nuts and seeds, Old World, Persian Walnut, South America, The Engrailed, United States, Walnut, California, Walnut, Illinois, canker, cholesterol, cookery, deciduous, dye, endangered, fabric, fungus, hickories, larvae, nuts, oil, omega-3 fatty acids, pinnate, pith, plants, trees, wingnuts

Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Species and classification", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

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