Sod: Encyclopedia - Sod

Sod

Sod is grass turf and the part of the soil beneath it held together by the roots, or a piece of this material. Some sod is grown agriculturally, and is sold to landscapers who use it to quickly establish a lawn.

Sod - As a landscaping material

Transplanting sod is both the quickest and the most costly method for adding a lawn to landscaping. Although it takes some time for the roots of the sod to connect the sod to the new location, the lawn can appear to be well established as soon as the sod is put in place.

Since high quality sod is relatively expensive, newly transplanted sod is occasionally rolled up and stolen. This, of course, would not happen when establishing a lawn by traditional seeding or hydroseeding methods.

Sod - As a building material

Sod has occasionally been cut out in blocks to use as a building material, especially in grasslands where grass is plentiful and few other materials are available. For use as a building material, sods are cut out in regular block shapes and laid like brickwork, although for strength blocks of sod are usually much longer and wider than typical bricks. Common dimensions in nineteenth century US prairie states were 2 ft by 1 ft by 6 in (600 × 300 × 150 mm). Cutting sods for building may be done with a spade and axe, but for large scale work a modified plough is used.

The bare sod is prone to damage from rain or being knocked down, so the outer walls are usually protected with a layer of stucco or wood pannelling. Similarly, bare sod inside is dirty, so the interior may be lined with canvas, tarpaper, or plaster. A variety of roofing methods can be used, and the house can be fitted with conventional windows and doors. Sod houses have the advantages of being very cheap, and well insulated, so that they are cool in summer and warm in winter. The main disadvantages are that they tend to be damp, and deteriorate quickly unless maintained.

Sod has also been used in fortification. Blockhouses have been constructed from sod, and it has also been used to make very effective berms or low defensive walls. The Antonine Wall was largely made from sod. Because of the cheapness of sod, these walls could easily be made thick enough to be bulletproof.

See also

• cob (building)
• Sod house

Sod - Other meanings

• The enzyme SOD or superoxide dismutase.
• The word sod in British English is a mildly offensive term for a person. Although it can be used in many situations, it has particular connotations of idleness - e.g. "you lazy sod" - or dirtiness. Like many such mild insults, it can also be used affectionately between friends - "how are you, you old sod?". It almost certainly originates from "sodomy" or "sodomite", but does not significantly retain that meaning. Like the word fuck, it can be used as many different parts of speech - e.g. "sod off!" and "sodding bastard". This meaning may have been invented in the book A Clockwork Orange.

Categories: Construction | Fortification | Landscape architecture

Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Sod", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki