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Set - Complements |  | Set - Complements: Encyclopedia II - Set - Complements |  | Two sets can also be "subtracted". The relative complement of A in B (also called the set theoretic difference of B and A), denoted by B − A, (or B \ A) is the set of all elements which are members of B, but not members of A. Note that it is valid to "subtract" members of a set that are not in the set, such as removing green fr ...
See also:Set, Set - Definition, Set - Describing sets, Set - Descriptions using words or lists, Set - Descriptions using mathematical notation, Set - Set membership, Set - Cardinality of a set, Set - Subsets, Set - Special sets, Set - Unions, Set - Intersections, Set - Complements |  | | Set, Set - Cardinality of a set, Set - Complements, Set - Definition, Set - Describing sets, Set - Descriptions using mathematical notation, Set - Descriptions using words or lists, Set - Intersections, Set - Set membership, Set - Special sets, Set - Subsets, Set - Unions, Alternative set theory, Class (set theory), Family (mathematics), Mathematical structure, Multiset, Tuple |  | |
|  |  | Set: Encyclopedia II - Set - Complements
Set - Complements
Two sets can also be "subtracted". The relative complement of A in B (also called the set theoretic difference of B and A), denoted by B − A, (or B \ A) is the set of all elements which are members of B, but not members of A. Note that it is valid to "subtract" members of a set that are not in the set, such as removing green from {1,2,3}; doing so has no effect.
In certain settings all sets under discussion are considered to be subsets of a given universal set U. In such cases, U − A, is called the absolute complement or simply complement of A, and is denoted by A′.
Examples:
- {1, 2} − {red, white} = {1, 2}
- {1, 2, green} − {red, white, green} = {1, 2}
- {1, 2} − {1, 2} = ø
- If U is the set of integers, E is the set of even integers, and O is the set of odd integers, then the complement of E in U is O, or equivalently, E′ = O.
Some basic properties of complements:
- A U A′ = U
- A ∩ A′ = ø
- (A′ )′ = A
- A − A = ø
- A − B = A ∩ B′
For more information about complements of sets, see Complement (set theory).
Other related archives19th century, Alternative set theory, Class (set theory), Complement (set theory), Empty set, Family (mathematics), French flag, Intersection (set theory), Mathematical structure, Multiset, Set theory, Set-builder notation, Subset, Tuple, Union (set theory), axiomatic, axiomatic set theory, braces, cardinal number, cardinality, collection, combinatorics, complex numbers, concepts, elements, ellipsis, equality, expression, improper fractions, infinity, integers, intuitive, irrational, mathematics, mathematics education, multiset, naive set theory, natural numbers, permutations and combinations, powers of two, primary school, proper, rational numbers, real numbers, relationship, set theory, theory, universal set, whole, whole numbers
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Complements", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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