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Post-traumatic stress disorder - Background | | Post-traumatic stress disorder - Background: Encyclopedia II - Post-traumatic stress disorder - Background | | Psychological distress after trauma was reported in 1900 BC by an Egyptian physician who described hysterical reactions to trauma (Veith 1965). Hysteria was also related to "traumatic reminiscences" a century ago (Janet 1901). At that time, Sigmund Freud's pupil, Kardiner, was the first to describe what later became post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms (Lamprecht & Sack 2002).
Hippocrates utilized a homeostasis theory to explain illness, and stress is often defined as the reaction to a situation that threatens the balance or ho ...
See also:Post-traumatic stress disorder, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Background, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Diagnostic Criteria, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Symptoms and their possible explanations, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Biology of PTSD, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Neurochemistry, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Neuroanatomy, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Prevalence, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Cancer as PTSD-trauma, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Treatment, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Fiction, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Movies, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Non-Fiction | | | Post-traumatic stress disorder, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Background, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Biology of PTSD, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Cancer as PTSD-trauma, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Diagnostic Criteria, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Fiction, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Movies, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Neuroanatomy, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Neurochemistry, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Non-Fiction, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Prevalence, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Symptoms and their possible explanations, Post-traumatic stress disorder - Treatment, Acute stress reaction, Amnesia, Biological psychiatry, Combat stress reaction, Invasion and occupation of Iraq casualties Civilian casualties section, Mental health, Survivor guilt, Survivor syndrome, Betrayal | | |
| | | Post-traumatic stress disorder: Encyclopedia II - Post-traumatic stress disorder - Background
Post-traumatic stress disorder - Background
Psychological distress after trauma was reported in 1900 BC by an Egyptian physician who described hysterical reactions to trauma (Veith 1965). Hysteria was also related to "traumatic reminiscences" a century ago (Janet 1901). At that time, Sigmund Freud's pupil, Kardiner, was the first to describe what later became post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms (Lamprecht & Sack 2002).
Hippocrates utilized a homeostasis theory to explain illness, and stress is often defined as the reaction to a situation that threatens the balance or homeostasis of a system (Antonovsky 1981). The situation causing the stress reaction is defined as the "stressor", but the stress reaction, and not the stressor is what jeopardizes the homeostasis (Aardal-Eriksson 2002). Post-traumatic stress can thus be seen as a chemical imbalance of neurotransmitters, according to stress theory.
However, PTSD per se is a relatively recent diagnosis in psychiatric nosology, first appearing in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) in 1980. It is said development of the PTSD concept partly has socio-economic and political implications (Mezey & Robbins 2001). War veterans were to a great deal incapacitated by psychiatric illness, including post-traumatic stress in the aftermath of the Vietnam War. However, they had difficulties receiving economic compensation since there was no psychiatric diagnosis available by which veterans could claim indemnity. This situation has changed, and PTSD is now one of several psychiatric diagnoses for which a veteran can receive compensation, such as a war veteran indemnity pension, in the US (Mezey & Robbins 2001). While PTSD-like symptoms were recognized in combat veterans following many historical conflicts, the modern understanding of the condition dates to the 1980s.
Other related archives1901, 1980, 1980s, 1982, 1989, 2004, Acute stress reaction, Amnesia, Benicio Del Toro, Betrayal, Biological psychiatry, Bosnia, Cognitive therapy, Combat stress reaction, David Drake, David Morrell, December 26, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Effexor, Egyptian, Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing, First Blood, Frederik Pohl, Hippocrates, Indian Ocean Tsunami Disaster, Invasion and occupation of Iraq casualties, Israel military, LSD, Leslie Marmon Silko, MDMA, Marijuana, Mental health, Metal Gear, Netherlands, Neuroimaging, Pat Barker, Philip Roth, Prozac, Rebecca West, Regeneration, Remeron, Salvation Army, September 11, 2001 attacks, Seroquel, Sigmund Freud, Solid Snake, Spike Milligan, Survivor guilt, Survivor syndrome, Swedish, The Deer Hunter, The Human Stain, The Hunted, The Pentagon, The Razor's Edge, The Red Cross, The Return of the Soldier, Traumatic Incident Reduction, United Nations, Vietnam War, William Somerset Maugham, World Trade Center, Zoloft, Zyprexa, abuse, aggressiveness, amygdala, animal research, antidepressant, anxiety disorder, atypical antipsychotics, biochemical, cancer, catecholamine, chemical imbalance, childbirth, clinical studies, combat, comorbidity, concentration camp, corticotropin, cortisol, depression, dexamethasone, dissociation, efficacy, emotional, emotional detachment, fear conditioning, flashbacks, group therapy, hippocampus, homeostasis, hypoglycemic, hypothalamic, hysterical, indemnity, insomnia, insulin, neurotransmitters, nightmares, norepinephrine, nosology, pituitary, prefrontal cortex, procedural memory, psychedelic, psychiatric illness, psychological, psychotherapy, psychotropic, rape, sexual, stigma, stressful, substance abuse, treated, triggers, war
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Background", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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