 | List of kings of Persia: Encyclopedia II - List of kings of Persia - Rulers after the advent of Islam in Iran
List of kings of Persia - Rulers after the advent of Islam in Iran
List of kings of Persia - Arab caliphs rule
All Persian provinces fell under The Arabic Caliphate from 661 to 867.
- Umayyad dynasty, 661–750
- Abbasid dynasty, 750–867
divided, 867–1029
List of kings of Persia - Tahirids in Khorasan 821–872
- Taher ebne Hosein ebne Mos'ab, Emir 821–822
- Talhat ebne Taher, 822–828
- Abdollah ebne Taher, 828–844
- Taher ebne Abdollah, 844–862
- Mohammad ebne Taher, 862–872
List of kings of Persia - Alavids 864–928
- Hasan ebne Zeid Hasani, Emir 864–884
- Mohammad ebne Zeid, 884–900
- Hasan ebne Ali Hoseini, 913–916
- Hasan ebne Ghasem Hasani, 916–928
List of kings of Persia - Ziyarids 928–1043
- Abolhojaj Mardavij ebne Ziyar, Emir 928–934
- Abu Taher Voshmgeer ebne Ziyar, 934–967
- Zahir-ol-doleh Behsotoon, 967–976
- Shams ol Mo'ali Abol-hasan Ghaboos, 976–1012
- Falak ol Mo'ali Manuchehr ebne Ghabus, 1012–1031
- Anushiravan ebne Manuchehr, 1031–1043
List of kings of Persia - Buyyids 932–1056
- Emad o-dowleh Abol Hasan, Emir 932–939
- Azad o-dowleh, 939–982
- Sharaf o-dowleh, 982–989
- Samsam o-dowleh, 989–998
- Baha o-dowleh, 998–1012
- Soltan o-dowleh, 1012–1024
- Emad o-dowleh Abu Kalijar, 1024–1048
- Malek Rahim Abu Nasr Khosrow Firuz, 1048–1055
- Mo'ez o-dowleh, 932–966
- Azad o-dowleh, Bakhtiar 966–977
- Azado o-dowleh Abu Shoja', 977–982
- Baha o-dowleh, 989–1012
- Soltan o-dowleh, 1012–1021
- Abu Kalijar Marzban, 1043–1048
- Ghavam o-dowleh, 1012–1028
- Abu Mansur Fulad sotoon, 1048–1056
- Rokn o-dowleh, Sultan 932–976
- Mo'ayyed o-dowleh, 976–983
- Fakhr o-dowleh, 976–997
- Majd o-dowleh, 997–1029
- Shams o-dowleh, 997–1021
- Sama o-dowleh, 1021–1023
List of kings of Persia - Saffarids in Seistan and beyond 861–1002
- Yagub Leith Saffar
- Abu Yusef Yaqub ebne Lais, surnamed "the coppersmith", Emir 861–878
- Amr o ebne Lais, 878–900
- Abol Hasan Taher ebne Mohammad ebne Amro ebne Lais, 900–908
- Lais ebne Ali ebne Lais, 908–910
- Abu Ali Mohammad ebne Ali ebne Lais, 910–910
- Abu Jafar Ahmad ebne Mohammad ebne Khalf, 923–963
- Abu Ahmad Khalf ebne Ahmad, 963–1002
List of kings of Persia - Samanids Proto-Tajiks 892–998
- Adel; Amir Mazi Abyu Ebrahim Esmail ebne Ahmad, Emir 892–907
- Shaheed; Abu Nasr Ahmad ebne Esmail, 907–913
- Saeed; Abol Hasan Nasr ebne Ahmad, 913–942
- Hamid; Abu Mohammad Nuh ebne Nasr, 942–954
- Rashid; Abul Foares Abdolmaleh ebne Nuh, 954–961
- Mo'ayyed; Amir Sadeed Abu Saleh Mansur ebne Nuh, 961–976
- Radhi; Shahanshah Abolqasem Nuh ebne Mansur, 976–996
- Abol Hareth; Mansur ebne Nuh, 996–998
- Abol Foares; AbdolMalek ebne Nuh, 998–998
List of kings of Persia - Ghaznavids 997–1186
- Yameen o-dowleh AbolQasem Mahmud ebne Saboktekeen, Sultan 997–1030
- Jalal o-dowleh Abu Ahmad Mohammad ebne Mahmud, 1030–1030
- Shahab o-dowleh Abu Sa'd Masud ebne Mahmud, 1030–1040
- Shahab o-dowleh Abolfath Modud ebne Masud, 1040–1049
- Baha o-dowleh Abol Hasan Ali ebne Masud, 1049–1049
- Azad o-dowleh Abu Mansur Abdol Rashid ebne Mahmud ebne Saboktekeen, 1049–1052
- Jamal o-dowleh Abolfazl Farrokhzaad ebne Masud ebne Mahmud, 1052–1059
- Zaheer o-dowleh Abol Mozaffar Ebrahim, 1059–1098
- Ala o-dowleh Abu Saeed Masud ebne Ebrahim, 1098–1115
- Soltan o-dowleh Abol-fath Arsalan Shah, 1115–1117
- Yameen o-dowleh Abol Mozaffar Baharm Shah ebne Masud, 1117–1153
- Taj o-dowleh Abol Shoja Khosro Shah ebne Bahram Shah, 1153–1160
- Saraj o-dowleh Abolmolook Khosrow Malek ebne Khosro Shah, 1160–1186
List of kings of Persia - Seljuk Turks 1029–1194
- Toğrül bin Mikail (Tughril Beg), Sultan 1037–1063
- Alp Arslan bin Chaghri 1063–1072
- Jalal ad-Dawlah Malik Shah I 1072–1092
- Nasir ad-Din Mahmud I 1092–1094
- Rukn ad-Din Barkiyaruq 1094–1105
- Mu'izz ad-Din Malik Shah II 1105
- Ghiyath ad-Din Mehmed I Tapar (Muhammad) 1105–1118
- Mu'izz ad-Din Ahmed Sanjar 1097–1157
- Mahmud II 1118–1131
- Dawud (David) 1131–1132
- Toğrül II (Tughril Beg) 1132–1134
- Mas'ud 1134–1152
- Malik Shah III 1152–1153
- Mehmed II (Muhammad II) 1153–1160
- Süleyman Shah (Sulaiman Shah) 1160–1161
- Arslan Shah 1161–1176
- Toğrül III (Tughril Beg III) 1176–1194
divided, 1194–1256
List of kings of Persia - Khwarazmids 1096–1230
An empire built from Azerbaidjan, covering part of Iran and neighbouring Central Asia.
- Ghotbedeen Mohammad ebne Anushtekeen Gharajeh, Shah 1096–1128
- Alaodeen Abol Mozaffar ebne Ghotbedeen ebne Mohammad 1128–1156
- Tajedeen Abolfath Il Arsalan 1156–1171
- Jalaledeen Mahmud Soltanshah ebne Il Arsalan 1171–1172
- Aladdin Takesh ebne Il Arsalan 1172–1199
- Soltan Jalaledeen Mohammad ebne Aladdin Takesh1199–1220
- Jalaledeen ebne Aladdin Mohammad 1220–1230
Eliminated for good by the Mongol horde
List of kings of Persia - Ilkhans 1256–1380
The preceding era of disunity, also called First era of fragmentation, was ended through conquest by the Ilkhans, a pagan Mongol horde, nominally subject to the Great Khan. (Ilkhan means governor of an il, i.e. province).
- Hülëgü Khan ebne Tulay ebne Genghis, Ilkhan 1256–1265
- Abaqa Khan ebne Hulegu, 1265–1282
- Sultan Ahmad Tekuder ebne Hulegu, 1282–1284
- Arghun Khan ebne Abaqa, 1284–1291
- Gaikhatu ebne Abaqa, 1291–1295
- Baidukhan ebne Toghay ebne Hulegu, 1295
- Ghazan Khan ebne Arghun, 1295–1304
- Öljeitü Khoda bandeh ebne Arghun, 1304–1316
- Abu Sa'id Bahador Khan ebne Oljeitu, 1316–1335 (last of Chinggisid il-khans)
- Arpa Ke'un, 1335–1336
- Musa Khan ebne Ali, 1336–1353
- Muhammad Khan ebne Mangu, 1337–1338
- Sati beg, dauther of Oljeitu, 1338–1340
- Shah Jahan Teimoor ebne Alafarang, 1338–1339
- Soleiman Khan, 1340–1344
- Togha Teimoor Khan, 1335–1352
- Anushiravan e Adel, 1343–1355
The Second era of fragmentation begins in 1343, as remnants of the Hordes competed with local dynasts for authority. This era ends with the conquests by Timur, around 1380
List of kings of Persia - Muzaffarid Dynasty 1314–1393
- Mubariz ad-Din Muhammad ibn al-Muzaffar, Emir 1314–1358
- Abu'l Fawaris Djamal ad-Din Shah Shuja (at Yazd, 1353 at Shiraz ), 1335–1364 with...
- Qutb Al-Din Shah Mahmud (at Isfahan) ( d. 1375), 1358–1366
- Abu'l Fawaris Djamal ad-Din Shah Shuja (at Yazd, 1353 at Shiraz ), 1366–1384
- Mujahid ad-Din Zain Al-Abidin 'Ali, 1384–1387
In 1387 Timur captured Isfahan.
- Imad ad-Din Sultan Ahmad (at Kerman), 1387–1391 with...
- Mubariz ad-Din Shah Yahya (at Shiraz), 1387–1391 and...
- Sultan Abu Ishaq (in Sirajan), 1387–1391
- Shah Mansur (at Isfahan), 1391–1393
List of kings of Persia - Timurid dynasty 1380–1507
- Timur ("Tamerlane"), 1369–1405, nominally under the authority of the Chagatai Khanate
The third era of fragmentation follows, as Timur's Empire loses cohesion and local rulers strive against each other.
- Pir Muhammad, grandson of Timur, 1405–1407, effectively ruled in Fars
- Djalal Ud-Din Miran Shah, son of Timur, 1405–1408, ruled Azerbaijan
- Rustam, 1405–1409, ruled Arabistan
- Khalil Sultan (Timurid dynasty), son of Miran Shah, 1405–1409, ruled in Samarkand, surrendered to Shah Rukh, became governor of Rayy until his death in 1411
- Shah Rukh, son of Timur, 1405–1447, ruled first in Transoxiana
- Ayyal, 1414, opposed Shah Rukh
- Ailankar, 1414–1415, opposed Shah Rukh
- Bayqara, 1409–1412, ruled in Fars
- Iskandar, 1412–1414, ruled first in Fars, then Azerbaijan & Arabistan
In 1410 the Turcoman horde Kara Koyunlu (Black Sheep) captured Baghdad and their leaders ruled the western parts of the Timurid realm. In the East however, Shah Rukh was able to secure his rule in Transoxiana and Fars.
- Ulugh Beg, son of Shah Rukh, 1447–1449
Rulers in Transoxiana:
- 'Abd al-Latif, son of Ulugh Beg, 1449–1450
- Abd-Allah Mirza, grandson of Shah Rukh, 1450–1451
- Abu Sa'id ibn Muhammad, grandson of Miran Shah, 1451–1469, conquered Khurasan in 1459
Rulers in Khurasan:
- Babur Ibn-Baysunkur, grandson of Shah Rukh, 1449–1457
- Shah Mahmud, son of Babur, 1457
- Ibrahim, 1457
- Jahan Shah, leader of the Black Sheep Turcomans, 1457–1458
Abu Sa'id, agreed to divide Iran with the Black Sheep Turcomans under Jahan Shah, but the White Sheep Turcomans under Uzun Hassan defeated and killed first Jahan Shah and then Abu Sa'id.
After Abu Sa'id's death a fourth era of fragmentation follows. While the White Sheep Turcomans dominated in the western parts until the ascent of the Safavid dynasty, the Timurides could maintain their rule in Samarkand and Herat.
Rulers in Samarkand:
- Sultan Ahmad, son Abu Sa'id, 1469–1494
- Sultan Mahmud, son of Abu Sa'id, 1494–1495
- Masud, 1495
- Sultan Baysunghur, 1495–1497
- Sultan Ali Mirza 1495–1500
conquered by the Uzbeks
Rulers in Herat:
- Sultan Mahmud, son of Abu Sa'id, 1469
- Husayn Bayqarah, 1469–1506
- Badi' al-Zaman, son of Husayn, 1506–1507, fled to the court of Ismail I
conquered by the Uzbeks, later recaptured by the Safavids
Other related archives'Abd al-Latif, 10, 1002, 1012, 1021, 1023, 1024, 1028, 1029, 1030, 1031, 1037, 1040, 1043, 1048, 1049, 105, 1052, 1055, 1056, 1059, 1063, 1072, 109, 1092, 1094, 1096, 1097, 1098, 1105, 1110, 1115, 1117, 1118, 1120, 1128, 1131, 1132, 1134, 1150, 1152, 1153, 1155, 1156, 1157, 116, 1160, 1161, 1171, 1172, 1176, 1185, 1186, 1194, 1199, 12, 1205, 1210, 1220, 123, 1230, 1235, 124 BC, 1240, 1256, 1265, 127, 127 BC, 1275, 1282, 1284, 129, 1291, 1295, 1300, 1304, 1310, 1316, 1330, 1335, 1336, 1337, 1338, 1339, 1340, 1343, 1344, 1350, 1352, 1353, 1355, 138, 138 BC, 1380, 1387, 139, 140, 1410, 145, 147, 150, 1502, 1524, 1576, 1578, 1587, 1588, 162, 1629, 164, 1642, 1666, 1667, 1694, 171, 171 BC, 1722, 1723, 1732, 1736, 1747, 1748, 1749, 175, 1750, 176, 176 BC, 1770, 1772, 1779, 1782, 1785, 1789, 1792, 1794, 1796, 1797, 1830, 1834, 1848, 1850, 187, 1896, 190, 1907, 1909, 191, 191 BC, 1925, 1938, 1941, 1979, 2 BC, 2010, 2030, 208, 211, 211 BC, 216, 223, 224, 2240, 225, 228, 23rd century, 241, 246, 247, 24th century, 2500 BC, 253, 26 BC, 261, 272, 273, 276, 281, 291, 293, 2nd century BC, 30, 3000, 302, 305, 310, 312, 317, 323, 323 BC, 329, 330, 330 BC, 336, 338, 35, 358, 36, 379, 38, 38 BC, 383, 388, 39, 399, 40, 404, 420, 423, 424, 438, 457, 459, 464, 465, 47, 484, 486, 488, 496, 498, 50, 51, 520, 521, 522, 529, 530, 531, 54 BC, 55, 550, 559, 57, 57 BC, 579, 58, 580, 585, 590, 591, 592, 593, 625, 628, 629, 630, 631, 632, 640, 644, 647, 648, 649, 65, 651, 653, 660 BC, 664, 664), 675, 676, 680, 681, 689, 692, 693, 699, 6th century BC, 70, 70 BC, 717, 728, 743, 77, 78, 8, 80, 80 BC, 821, 822, 828, 844, 861, 862, 864, 872, 878, 88 BC, 884, 892, 90, 90 BC, 900, 907, 908, 910, 913, 916, 923, 928, 932, 934, 939, 942, 95, 954, 961, 963, 966, 967, 976, 977, 982, 983, 989, 996, 997, 998, History of Iran, AD 4, AD 6, Abaqa, Abbas I the Great, Abbasid, Abd-Allah Mirza, Abol Fath Khan, Abu Sa'id, Abu Sa'id ibn Muhammad, Achaemenes, Achaemenid Empire (648 BC–330 BC), 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Ziyarid dynasty (928-1043), Ziyarids, here, leaders, Öljeitü
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