 | Jin Dynasty 265-420: Encyclopedia - Jin Dynasty 265-420
Jin Dynasty (265-420)
- Timeline of Chinese history
- Dynasties in Chinese history
- Military history of China
The Jin Dynasty (晉 pinyin: jìn, 265-420) followed the Three Kingdoms and preceded the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China. The dynasty was founded by the Sima family (司馬 pinyin: Sīmǎ), the descendants of the great historian Sima Qian.
The first of the two periods, the Western Jin Dynasty (ch: 西晉, 265-316), was founded by Emperor Wu. Although providing a brief period of unity after conquering the Kingdom of Wu in AD 280, the Jin could not contain the invasion and uprising of nomadic peoples after the devastating War of the Eight Princes. The capital was Luoyang until 311 when Emperor Huai was captured by the forces of Han Zhao. Successive reign of Emperor Min lasted four years in Chang'an until its conquest by Han Zhao in 316.
Meanwhile remnants of the Jin court fled from the north to the south and reestablished the Jin court at Jiankang, which was located south-eastward of Luoyang and Chang'an and near modern-day Nanjing, under Prince of Longya. Prominent local families of Zhu, Gan, Lu, Gu and Zhou supported the proclamation of Prince of Longya as Emperor Yuan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (ch: 東晉 317-420) when the news of the fall of Chang'an reached the south.
Militaristic authorities and crises plagued the Eastern Jin court throughout its 104 years of existence. It survived the rebellions of Wang Dun and Su Jun. Huan Wen died in 373 before he could usurp the throne (which he had intended to do). Battle of Fei turned out to be a victory of Jin under a short-lived cooperation of Huan Chong, brother of Huan Wen and the Prime Minister (or Imperial Secretariat) Xie An. Huan Xuan, son of Huan Wen, usurped and changed the name of the dynasty to Chu. He was toppled by Liu Yu, who ordered the hanging of the reinstated but retarded Emperor An. The last emperor and brother of Emperor An, Emperor Gong, was installed in 419. Abdication of Emperor Gong in 420 in favor of Liu Yu, then Emperor Wu, ushered in the Song Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties.
Meanwhile North China was ruled by the Sixteen Kingdoms, many of which were founded by the Wu Hu, the non-Han Chinese ethnicities. The conquest of the Northern Liang by the Northern Wei Dynasty in 439 ushered in the Northern Dynasties.
Jin Dynasty 265-420 - Figure
- Sima's family tree of the 'Western Jin dynasty'
Sixteen Kingdoms, Chinese sovereign, Northern Headquarters Troops, Song Dynasty, Southern Dynasties, Northern Wei Dynasty, Northern Dynasties
Jin Dynasty 265-420 - Sovereigns of Jin Dynasty
- Taishi 265-274
- Xianning 275-280
- Taikang 280-289
- Taixi January 28, 290-May 17, 290
- Yongxi May 17, 290-February 15, 291
- Yongping February 16-April 23, 291
- Yuankang April 24, 291-February 6, 300
- Yongkang February 7, 300-February 3, 301
- Yongning June 1, 301-January 4, 303
- Taian January 5, 303-February 21, 304
- Yongan February 22-August 15, 304; December 25, 304-February 3, 305
- Jianwu August 16-December 24, 304
- Yongxing February 4, 305-July 12, 306
- Guangxi July 13, 306-February 19, 307
- Jianwu 317-318
- Taixing 318-322
- Yongchang 322-323
Xiankang 335-342
Shengping 357-361
Xingning 363-365
Taiyuan 376-396
Yuanxing 402-405
Yixi 405-419
Jin Dynasty 265-420 - Major events
- War of the Eight Princes
- Wu Hu ravaging
- Battle of Fei
See also
- Sixteen Kingdoms
- Chinese sovereign
- Northern Headquarters Troops
- Song Dynasty
- Southern Dynasties
- Northern Wei Dynasty
- Northern Dynasties
Other related archives265, 274, 275, 280, 289, 290, 291, 300, 301, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 311, 316, 317, 318, 322, 323, 335, 342, 357, 361, 363, 365, 373, 376, 396, 402, 405, 419, 420, 439, April 23, April 24, August 15, August 16, Battle of Fei, Chang'an, China, Chinese sovereign, Chu, December 24, December 25, Dynasties in Chinese history, Emperor An, Emperor Gong, Emperor Huai, Emperor Min, Emperor Wu, Emperor Yuan, February 15, February 16, February 19, February 21, February 22, February 3, February 4, February 6, February 7, Gan, Gu, Han Chinese, Han Zhao, January 28, January 4, January 5, Jiankang, July 12, July 13, June 1, Kingdom of Wu, Liu Yu, Lu, Luoyang, May 17, Military history of China, Nanjing, Northern Dynasties, Northern Liang, Northern Wei Dynasty, Sima, Sima Qian, Sixteen Kingdoms, Song Dynasty, Southern Dynasties, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Su Jun, Three Kingdoms, Timeline of Chinese history, Wang Dun, War of the Eight Princes, Wu Hu, Zhou, Zhu, ch, hanging, pinyin, retarded
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