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Jewish political movements - The Birth of Jewish political movements | | Jewish political movements - The Birth of Jewish political movements: Encyclopedia II - Jewish political movements - The Birth of Jewish political movements | | Since Jews were excluded outsiders throughout Europe, they were mostly shut out of politics or any sort of participation in the wider political and social sphere of the nations in which they were involved until the Enlightenment, and its Jewish counterpart, Haskalah, made popular movements possible. As long as the Jews lived in segregated communities, and as long as all avenues of social intercourse with their gentile neighbors were closed to them, the rabbi was the most influential member of the Jewish community. In addition to being a reli ...
See also:Jewish political movements, Jewish political movements - The Birth of Jewish political movements, Jewish political movements - Emancipation movements, Jewish political movements - Socialist and Labor movements, Jewish political movements - Zionist movements, Jewish political movements - The Folkists, Jewish political movements - Modern Jewish political movements, Jewish political movements - In Israel, Jewish political movements - Outside of Israel | | | Jewish political movements, Jewish political movements - Emancipation movements, Jewish political movements - In Israel, Jewish political movements - Modern Jewish political movements, Jewish political movements - Outside of Israel, Jewish political movements - Socialist and Labor movements, Jewish political movements - The Birth of Jewish political movements, Jewish political movements - The Folkists, Jewish political movements - Zionist movements | | |
| | | Jewish political movements: Encyclopedia II - Jewish political movements - The Birth of Jewish political movements
Jewish political movements - The Birth of Jewish political movements
Since Jews were excluded outsiders throughout Europe, they were mostly shut out of politics or any sort of participation in the wider political and social sphere of the nations in which they were involved until the Enlightenment, and its Jewish counterpart, Haskalah, made popular movements possible. As long as the Jews lived in segregated communities, and as long as all avenues of social intercourse with their gentile neighbors were closed to them, the rabbi was the most influential member of the Jewish community. In addition to being a religious scholar and clergy, a rabbi also acted as a civil judge in all cases in which both parties were Jews. Rabbis sometimes had other important administrative powers, together with the community elders. The rabbinate was the highest aim of many Jewish boys, and the study of the Torah (first five books of the Bible) and the Talmud was the means of obtaining that coveted position, or one of many other important communal distinctions. Haskalah followers advocated "coming out of the ghetto," not just physically but also mentally and spiritually. The example of Moses Mendelssohn (1729–1786), a [Prussian] Jew and father of the great composer Felix Mendelssohn, served to lead this movement. Mendelssohn's extraordinary success as a popular philosopher and man of letters revealed hitherto unsuspected possibilities of integration and acceptance of Jews among non-Jews.
The changes caused by the Haskalah movement coincided with rising revolutionary movements throughout Europe. Despite these movements, only France, Britain, and the Netherlands had granted the Jews in their countries equal rights with gentiles after the French Revolution in 1796. Elsewhere in Europe, especially where Jews were most concentrated in Central and Eastern Europe, Jews were not granted equal rights. It was in the revolutionary atmosphere of the mid-19th century that the first true Jewish political movements would take place.
Other related archives1729, 1786, 1882, 1894, 1896, 1897, Alliance Israelite Universelle, American Israel Public Affairs Committee, American Jewish Committee, American Jewish Congress, Anti-Defamation League, Auto-Emancipation, B'nai B'rith, Basel, Ber Borochov, Board of Deputies of British Jews, Der Judenstaat, Dreyfus Affair, Ferdinand Lassalle, First Zionist Congress, Folkspartei, France, French Revolution, Friedrich Engles, Gabriel Riesser, General German Workers' Association, General Jewish Labor Union, Hadassah, Haskalah, Heinrich Heine, Islamic, Israel, January 1, Jewish emancipation movements, Jews, Johann Jacoby, Karl Marx, Labour Zionism, Lionel Nathan Rothschild, List of political parties in Israel, Lithuania, Moses Hess, Moses Mendelssohn, Moses Montefiore, Nahum Syrkin, North America, Palestine, Poland, Revolutions of 1848, Roman Catholic, Saint-Simon, Seimas, Sejm, Simon Dubnow, Social Democratic Party of Germany, Switzerland, Theodor Herzl, Tsar Alexander II, United Jewish Communities, Warsaw, World Zionist Organisation, Zionism, agrarianised, anti-Jewish, anti-Semitism, anti-semitic, conservative, destruction of Jerusalem, emancipation of the Jews, gentile, ghetto, historical materialism, humanitarian, judge, kibbutz, labor movement, list of Jews in politics, man of letters, national question, philanthropic, pluralism, pogroms, political left, political parties, political right, rabbi, segregated, socialism, utopianism
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "The Birth of Jewish political movements", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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