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Hydrogen economy - Transportation | | Hydrogen economy - Transportation: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen economy - Transportation | | Hydrogen seems unlikely to be the cheapest carrier of energy over long distances in the near future. Advances in electrolysis and fuel cell technology have not addressed the underlying cost problem yet.
As of 2005, the cheapest method to move energy around the planet is in uranium by rail, but nuclear power has received negative responses. The next cheapest and currently most widely used is in the form of oil in a pipeline or supertanker, or coal by rail or bulk carrier vessel. Natural gas pipelines and liquefied natural gas tankers a ...
See also:Hydrogen economy, Hydrogen economy - The short-term future, Hydrogen economy - Rationale, Hydrogen economy - Envisioned centralized hydrogen sources, Hydrogen economy - Production, Hydrogen economy - Fossil fuels, Hydrogen economy - Electrolysis, Hydrogen economy - Thermochemical production, Hydrogen economy - Other methods, Hydrogen economy - Storage, Hydrogen economy - Ammonia storage, Hydrogen economy - Metal hydrides, Hydrogen economy - Synthesized hydrocarbons, Hydrogen economy - Other methods, Hydrogen economy - Transportation, Hydrogen economy - Environmental concerns, Hydrogen economy - Consumption, Hydrogen economy - Chemical feed, Hydrogen economy - Energy source, Hydrogen economy - Problems, Hydrogen economy - Examples | | | Hydrogen economy, Hydrogen economy - Ammonia storage, Hydrogen economy - Chemical feed, Hydrogen economy - Consumption, Hydrogen economy - Electrolysis, Hydrogen economy - Energy source, Hydrogen economy - Environmental concerns, Hydrogen economy - Envisioned centralized hydrogen sources, Hydrogen economy - Examples, Hydrogen economy - Fossil fuels, Hydrogen economy - Metal hydrides, Hydrogen economy - Other methods, Hydrogen economy - Problems, Hydrogen economy - Production, Hydrogen economy - Rationale, Hydrogen economy - Storage, Hydrogen economy - Synthesized hydrocarbons, Hydrogen economy - The short-term future, Hydrogen economy - Thermochemical production, Hydrogen economy - Transportation, Future energy development, Hydrogen car, Amory Lovins, Rocky Mountain Institute, Sabatier process, Grid energy storage, Methanol economy | | |
| | | Hydrogen economy: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen economy - Transportation
Hydrogen economy - Transportation
Hydrogen seems unlikely to be the cheapest carrier of energy over long distances in the near future. Advances in electrolysis and fuel cell technology have not addressed the underlying cost problem yet.
As of 2005, the cheapest method to move energy around the planet is in uranium by rail, but nuclear power has received negative responses. The next cheapest and currently most widely used is in the form of oil in a pipeline or supertanker, or coal by rail or bulk carrier vessel. Natural gas pipelines and liquefied natural gas tankers are much more expensive in comparison, which explains why natural gas from Alaska's North Slope is currently reinjected into the ground rather than shipped to the lower 48 states where it would be worth a fortune. Electric power lines move energy at even higher cost than natural gas pipelines; therefore, power stations are generally located within 100 miles (160 km) of the loads they serve. Long-distance power lines are used to average out imbalances between local electrical supply and demand, by moving a small portion of the total electricity generated. For example, California burns an average of about 30 gigawatts of electricity, and has a north-south transmission capacity bottleneck (the 500 kV Path 15) of 5.4 gigawatts.
Hydrogen pipelines are unfortunately more expensive than even long-distance electric lines. Hydrogen is about three times bulkier in volume than natural gas for the same energy delivered, and hydrogen accelerates the cracking of steel (hydrogen embrittlement), which increases maintenance costs, leakage rates, and material costs. The difference in cost is likely to expand with newer technology: wires suspended in air can utilize higher voltage with only marginally increased material costs, but higher pressure pipes require proportionally more material.
Other related archives'Green', 19th century, 2005, Alcohol fuel, Ammonia, Amory Lovins, As of 2005, Atlantic, Batteries, CH4, CO, California, Canada, Coal, Direct methanol fuel cells, Electrolysis, Fuel cells, Future energy development, General Atomics, Germany, Grid energy storage, H2, H2O, Hydridic Earth theory, Hydrocarbons, Hydrogen, Hydrogen car, Iceland, Japan, Li-on, Li-polymer batteries, Methanol economy, Nanotechnology, North Slope, Norwegian, O, Rocky Mountain Institute, Sabatier process, Solid-oxide fuel cells, Some prototype nuclear reactors, Space Shuttle, US, United States, Utsira, aircraft, alternating current, alternator, ammonia, automobile, automobiles, barbecue, borane, boron, buckyballs, capacitors, carbon, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, coal gasification, compressed air, concentrated solar thermal power collectors, cryogenic, dam, degrees Celsius, density, diesel fuel, direct current, dynamo, efficiency, electric lighting, electric power transmission, electric vehicles, electrical distribution, electricity, electrolysis, embrittlement, energy density, energy density per weight, ethanethiol, ethanol, fishing fleet, fossil fuels, free radicals, fuel cell, fuel cells, gasoline, generators, gigawatts, global warming, greenhouse gas, grid energy storage, heat, high-temperature electrolysis, hydrides, hydrocarbon, hydrogen embrittlement, hydrogen reformer, hydropower, internal combustion engines, kg, liquefied natural gas, liquid hydrogen, lithium, lithium aluminium hydride, mass production, methane, methanethiol, methanol, nanotechnology, nanotubes, natural gas, nuclear-powered, oxygen, ozone depletion, photosynthesis, platinum, platinum group, power-to-weight ratio, pressure vessel, propane, pumped storage, renewable resource, reservoir, service life, sodium borohydride, space shuttle, steam reforming, sulfur, sulfur-iodine cycle, syngas, town gas, underground or undersea, uranium, water, water gas shift reaction, water splitting, weight, wind power, wind turbines
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Transportation", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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