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History of the world - Hunter-Gatherers | | History of the world - Hunter-Gatherers: Encyclopedia II - History of the world - Hunter-Gatherers | | The earliest available evidence places the origin of modern Homo sapiens in Africa about 200,000 years ago during the Palaeolithic period. This occurred after a long period of evolution. Ancestors of humans, such as Homo erectus, had been using simple tools for many millennia, but as time progressed, tools became far more refined and complex. Humans also developed language sometime during the Paleolithic period, as well as a conceptual repertoire that included systematic burial of the dead and adornment of the living. During this period, all huma ...
See also:History of the world, History of the world - Hunter-Gatherers, History of the world - Agriculture, History of the world - State, History of the world - City and trade, History of the world - Bronze and Iron Ages, History of the world - The classical empires, History of the world - Age of kingdoms, History of the world - Rise of Europe, History of the world - Age of Discovery, History of the world - Twentieth century | | | History of the world, History of the world - Age of Discovery, History of the world - Age of kingdoms, History of the world - Agriculture, History of the world - Bronze and Iron Ages, History of the world - City and trade, History of the world - Hunter-Gatherers, History of the world - Rise of Europe, History of the world - State, History of the world - The classical empires, History of the world - Twentieth century, History of Africa, History of the Americas, History of Antarctica, History of Asia, History of Australia, History of East Asia, History of Eurasia, History of West Eurasia, History of Europe, History of the Middle East, History of North America, History of South America, History of South Asia, History of Southeast Asia, Technological singularity | | |
| | | History of the world: Encyclopedia II - History of the world - Hunter-Gatherers
History of the world - Hunter-Gatherers
The earliest available evidence places the origin of modern Homo sapiens in Africa about 200,000 years ago during the Palaeolithic period. This occurred after a long period of evolution. Ancestors of humans, such as Homo erectus, had been using simple tools for many millennia, but as time progressed, tools became far more refined and complex. Humans also developed language sometime during the Paleolithic period, as well as a conceptual repertoire that included systematic burial of the dead and adornment of the living. During this period, all humans lived as hunter-gatherers, who were generally nomadic.
Modern humans spread rapidly over the globe from Africa and the frost-free zones of Europe and Asia. The rapid expansion of humankind to North America and Oceania took place at the climax of the most recent Ice Age, when today's temperate regions were extremely inhospitable. Yet, by the end of the Ice Age some 12,000 years ago, humans had colonised nearly all the ice-free parts of the globe.
Hunter-gatherer societies have tended to be very small, although in some cases they have developed social stratification, and long-distance contacts are possible as in the case of the Indigenous Australian 'highways' in Australia.
Eventually most hunter-gatherer societies either developed, or were absorbed into, larger agricultural states, were exterminated, or remained in isolation, such as small hunter-gatherer societies which are still present today in remote regions.
Other related archives1141, 1200 BCE, 1258, 1275 BC, 1279, 1368, 1492, 14th, 15th, 1600, 1644, 17th, 1878, 18th centuries, 18th century, 1917, 1920s, 1945, 1949, 1950s, 1960s, 1990, 19th century, 1st millenium BCE, 1st millennium BCE, 20th century, 2500 BCE, 2nd century, 2nd millenium BCE, 3000 BCE, 3500 BCE, 4th, 4th century, 4th century BCE, 581, 5th, 5th century, 5th century BCE, 618, 6th century BCE, 7th century, 900 BCE, 907, 982, 9th millennium BCE, Africa, Africa-Eurasia, Africans, Age of Reason, Alexander of Macedon, Alps, Ancient Egypt, Andes, Arabia, Arabs, Aristotle, Asia, Atlantic, Atlantic Ocean, Augustus, Australia, Aztec, Aztecs, Buddhism, Bushmen, Byzantine Empire, Catholic, Central America, Central Asia, Chavin, Cheras, Chimor, Chin, China, Cholas, Christianity, Christopher Columbus, Cold War, Confucianism, Crete, Cusco, DNA, Dutch, East Asia, Eastern Europe, Egypt, Egyptian, Emperor Wu, England, English, Ethiopia, Eurasia, Europe, European Union, Fertile Crescent, First World War, Flemish, France, French, Ganges, German, Germanic tribes, Germany, Golden Age of Islam, Greece, Greek, Greeks, Guptas, HIV, Hai jin, Han, Harappa, Harappan, Hindu, Hinduism, History of Africa, History of Antarctica, History of Asia, History of Australia, History of East Asia, History of Eurasia, History of Europe, History of North America, History of South America, History of South Asia, History of Southeast Asia, History of West Eurasia, History of the Americas, History of the Middle East, Hittite, Hittites, Holland, Holy Roman Empire, Homo erectus, Homo sapiens, Ice Age, Inca, Inca Empire, Incan, India, Indian Ocean, Indian subcontinent, Indigenous Australian, Indigenous Australians, Indochina, Indonesia, Indus Valley, Industrial Revolution, Iran, Islam, Israel, Italians, Italy, Japan, Jesus of Nazareth, Jurchen, Kadesh, Kassites, Kenneth Pomeranz, Korea, Legalism, Lithuania, Lydia, Malaya, Manchus, Marcomanni, Mauryas, Max Weber, Maya, Mediterranean, Mediterranean Sea, Mesoamerica, Mesopotamia, Mexico, Middle Ages, Middle East, Ming Dynasty, Minoan, Moche, Mongol Empire, Mongolian Empire, Mongols, Mughal Empire, Mycenaean, Napoleonic Wars, Nazca, New Zealand, Nile, Norbert Elias, North America, North China, Northern Song Dynasty, Nubia, Oceania, Olmecs, Ottoman Empire, Outside Context Problems, Palaeolithic, Pallavas, Pandyas, Pax Americana, Persia, Persians, Peru, Phoenician, Plato, Portugal, Portuguese, Protestant work ethic, Pyrenees, Qin, Qing Dynasty, Renaissance, Roman Empire, Romans, Sahara, Scientific Revolution, Second World War, Shang, Silk Road, South Africa, South America, Soviet Union, Space exploration, Spain, Spanish Empires, Spanish conquest of Peru, Sui Dynasty, Sumerian, Sumerians, Syria, Tamil, Tang, Taoism, Technological singularity, Third World, Toltec, Treaty of Berlin, Turkey, United Nations, United States, Vere Gordon Childe, World War II, Yellow River, Yucatán, Zheng He, Zhou Dynasty, Zoroastrianism, ancient Egypt, army, asteroids, barbarians, bronze, bureaucracy, capitalism, caravel, cast-iron, central Europe, cities, city-states, civilization, civilizations, coal, coinage, comets, communism, compass, conflicts, copper, democracy, diffusion, disease, environment, environmental degradation, epidemics, evolution, factory, fascist, fissile-fossil complex, food, free market, globalization, greenhouse effect, history, human genome, hunter-gatherers, hyperpower, identity, information age, iron, irrigation, khipus, kingdoms in the Sahel, labour, labour force, language, last centuries BCE, lateen sail, life, literacy, masonry, mass production, mechanisation, militaristic, mono-cropping, mother culture, navigation, nomadic, nuclear proliferation, nuclear weapons, oil, peace treaties, philosophies, piston bellows, plough, pollution, printing, problems, property rights, quality of life, railways, religions, resources, road system, slaves, solar system, square rigging, states, steam ships, steel, stirrup, stone, superpowers, superstate, suspension-bridge, the Americas, the adoption of agriculture, trade, tribe, urban, western, writing
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Hunter-Gatherers", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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