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History of Sudan - Early history

History of Sudan - Early history: Encyclopedia II - History of Sudan - Early history

During the ancient period, the area that today is northern Sudan was known as Nubia. Egyptians and people of the Mediterranean world also referred to it as Ethiopia (see History of Ethiopia). The area of the Nile valley that lies within present day Sudan was home to three Kushite kingdoms during antiquity: the first with its capital at Kerma (2400 – 1500 BCE), another that centered on Napata (1000 – 300 BCE) and, finally, that of Meroë (300 BCE – 300 CE). Each of these kingdoms was strongly culturally, economically, politically ...

See also:

History of Sudan, History of Sudan - Early history, History of Sudan - The coming of Islam, History of Sudan - 19th Century, History of Sudan - The Turkiyah, History of Sudan - Mahdism and condominium, History of Sudan - European Colonialism, History of Sudan - Independence and the First Civil War, History of Sudan - The Nimeiry Era, History of Sudan - Arms suppliers, History of Sudan - Second Civil War, History of Sudan - Darfur, History of Sudan - Chadian-Sudanese War

History of Sudan, History of Sudan - 19th Century, History of Sudan - Arms suppliers, History of Sudan - Chadian-Sudanese War, History of Sudan - Darfur, History of Sudan - Early history, History of Sudan - European Colonialism, History of Sudan - Independence and the First Civil War, History of Sudan - Mahdism and condominium, History of Sudan - Second Civil War, History of Sudan - The Nimeiry Era, History of Sudan - The Turkiyah, History of Sudan - The coming of Islam

History of Sudan: Encyclopedia II - History of Sudan - Early history

History of Sudan - Early history

Main article: Early history of Sudan

During the ancient period, the area that today is northern Sudan was known as Nubia. Egyptians and people of the Mediterranean world also referred to it as Ethiopia (see History of Ethiopia). The area of the Nile valley that lies within present day Sudan was home to three Kushite kingdoms during antiquity: the first with its capital at Kerma (2400 – 1500 BCE), another that centered on Napata (1000 – 300 BCE) and, finally, that of Meroë (300 BCE – 300 CE).

Each of these kingdoms was strongly culturally, economically, politically and militarily influenced by the powerful pharaonic Egyptian empire to the north — and the Kushite kingdoms in turn competed strongly with Egypt, to the extent that during the late period of ancient Egyptian history the kings of Napata conquered and unified Egypt itself, ruling as the pharaohs of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty. One of the more notable ones was Taharqa, who was involved in war with the advancing Assyrians. During the period the Nubian pyramids were built.

The Meroitic Empire disappeared by the fourth century AD. By the sixth century a group of three Christian states had arisen in Nubia. The northernmost of these was Nobatia, south of the First Cataract of the Nile. Makuria was situated at Old Dongola, and the kingdom of Alodia was around Soba on the Blue Nile. Nobatia eventually merged into Makuria leaving two kingdoms.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Early history", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

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