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History of Greece - Ottoman Rule and the Rise of Modern Greece | | History of Greece - Ottoman Rule and the Rise of Modern Greece: Encyclopedia II - History of Greece - Ottoman Rule and the Rise of Modern Greece | | Main articles: Ottoman Greece and History of Modern Greece
When the Ottomans arrived, two Greek migrations occurred. The first migration entailed the Greek intelligentsia migrating to Western Europe and influencing the advent of the Renaissance. The second migration entailed Greeks leaving the plains of the Greek peninsula and resettling in the mountains. Greece being mostly mountainous, the Ottomans could not conquer the entire Greek peninsula since they created neither a military no ...
See also:History of Greece, History of Greece - Aegean civilization: prehistoric Greece, History of Greece - Mycenaean Greece Bronze Age, History of Greece - Greek Dark Ages, History of Greece - Ancient Greece, History of Greece - Hellenistic Greece, History of Greece - Roman Period, History of Greece - Medieval Greece, History of Greece - Ottoman Rule and the Rise of Modern Greece, History of Greece - Creation of the Modern Greek State | | | History of Greece, History of Greece - Aegean civilization: prehistoric Greece, History of Greece - Ancient Greece, History of Greece - Creation of the Modern Greek State, History of Greece - Greek Dark Ages, History of Greece - Hellenistic Greece, History of Greece - Medieval Greece, History of Greece - Mycenaean Greece Bronze Age, History of Greece - Ottoman Rule and the Rise of Modern Greece, History of Greece - Roman Period, Ancient Greece, Church of Greece, History of the Balkans, History of Europe, Minoan civilization, Aegean Sea, Mycenae, Mycenaean language, Linear B, Achaeans, Helladic, Bronze Age, Ancient Olympic Games, Architecture of Ancient Greece, Art in Ancient Greece, Eleusinian Mysteries | | |
| | | History of Greece: Encyclopedia II - History of Greece - Ottoman Rule and the Rise of Modern Greece
History of Greece - Ottoman Rule and the Rise of Modern Greece
Main articles: Ottoman Greece and History of Modern Greece
When the Ottomans arrived, two Greek migrations occurred. The first migration entailed the Greek intelligentsia migrating to Western Europe and influencing the advent of the Renaissance. The second migration entailed Greeks leaving the plains of the Greek peninsula and resettling in the mountains. Greece being mostly mountainous, the Ottomans could not conquer the entire Greek peninsula since they created neither a military nor an administrative presence in the mountains. There existed many Greek mountain clans all across the peninsula and islands. The Sphakiots of Crete, the Souliots (or Souli) of Epirus, and the Mani (or Maniots) of Peloponnesus were the most resilient mountain clans throughout the Ottoman Empire. By the end of the 16th century up until the 17th century, many Greeks began to migrate from the mountains to the plains. The millet system contributed to the ethnic cohesion of Orthodox Greeks by segregating the various peoples within the Ottoman Empire based on religion. The Greek Orthodox Church, an ethno-religious institution, helped the Greeks from all geographical areas of the peninsula (i.e., mountains, plains, and islands) to preserve their ethnic, cultural, linguistic, and racial heritage during the harsh years of Ottoman rule. The Greeks living in the plains during Ottoman occupation were either Christians who dealt with the burdens of foreign rule or Crypto-Christians (Greek Muslims who were secret practitioners of the Greek Orthodox faith). Many Greeks became Crypto-Christians in order to avoid heavy taxes and at the same time express their identity by maintaining their secret ties to the Greek Orthodox Church. However, Greeks who converted to Islam and were not Crypto-Christians were deemed Turks in the eyes of Orthodox Greeks, even if they didn't adopt Turkish language. On the other hand, this population has played an immense role for the creation of modern Greek culture, as Turkish traditions and customs were learned during the entire occupation period. The most obvious traces of the Turkish influence on the Greek culture today can be seen in Greek kitchen and Greecian music.
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 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Ottoman Rule and the Rise of Modern Greece", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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