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Chess - Modern chess | | Chess - Modern chess: Encyclopedia II - Chess - Modern chess | | Early on, the pieces in European chess had limited movement; bishops could only move by jumping exactly two spaces diagonally (similar to the elephant in xiangqi), the queen could move only one space diagonally, pawns could not move two spaces on their first move, and there was no castling. By the end of the 15th century, the modern rules for the basic moves had been adopted from Italy: pawns gained the option of moving two squares on their first move and the en passant capture therewith, bishops acquired their modern move, and the queen was ...
See also:Chess, Chess - Introduction, Chess - History, Chess - Gameplay, Chess - Rules of chess, Chess - Strategy and tactics, Chess - Ways to play chess, Chess - Modern chess, Chess - Notation, Chess - Chess and education, Chess - Computer chess, Chess - Chess variants, Chess - Famous chess games, Chess - History of chess, Chess - World chess champions, Chess - Chess literature, Chess - Chess in the arts and literature | | | Chess, Chess - Chess and education, Chess - Chess in the arts and literature, Chess - Chess literature, Chess - Chess variants, Chess - Computer chess, Chess - Famous chess games, Chess - Gameplay, Chess - History, Chess - History of chess, Chess - Introduction, Chess - Modern chess, Chess - Notation, Chess - Rules of chess, Chess - Strategy and tactics, Chess - Ways to play chess, Chess - World chess champions, Demonstration (sample) chess game explains chess through a simple demonstration, Chess terminology, Chess problems and puzzles, Ways to play chess: Correspondence chess, Blitz chess, Bullet chess, Simultaneous chess, Blindfold chess, Human chess, Internet servers to play chess: Internet Chess Club, FICS, InstantChess.com, ChessWorld.net | | |
| | | Chess: Encyclopedia II - Chess - Modern chess
Chess - Modern chess
Early on, the pieces in European chess had limited movement; bishops could only move by jumping exactly two spaces diagonally (similar to the elephant in xiangqi), the queen could move only one space diagonally, pawns could not move two spaces on their first move, and there was no castling. By the end of the 15th century, the modern rules for the basic moves had been adopted from Italy: pawns gained the option of moving two squares on their first move and the en passant capture therewith, bishops acquired their modern move, and the queen was made the most powerful piece; consequently modern chess was referred to as "Queen's Chess" or "Mad Queen Chess." The game in Europe since that time has been almost the same as is played today. The current rules were finalized in the early 19th century, except for the exact conditions for a draw.
The most popular piece design, the "Staunton" set, was created by Nathaniel Cook in 1849, endorsed by Howard Staunton, a leading player of the time, and officially adopted by Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) in 1924.
Chess's international governing body is FIDE, which has presided over the world championship matches for decades. See World Chess Championship for details and a more in-depth history. Most countries of the world have a national chess organization as well. Although chess is not an Olympic sport, it has its own Olympiad, held every two years as a team event.
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 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Modern chess", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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