August 22: Encyclopedia - August 22

August 22

August 22 is the 234th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (235th in leap years), with 131 days remaining.

August 22 - Events

• 1485 - The Battle of Bosworth Field decisively ends the Wars of the Roses
• 1559 - Bartholome de Carranza, Spanish archbishop, is arrested for heresy
• 1642 - Charles I calls the English Parliament traitors. Beginning of the English Civil War
• 1654 - Jacob Barsimson arrives in New Amsterdam. He is the first Jewish immigrant to what is later the United States
• 1717 - Spanish troops land on Sardinia
• 1770 - James Cook's expedition lands on the east coast of Australia
• 1775 - King George III declares the American colonies to be in open rebellion
• 1780 - James Cook's ship Resolution returns to England (Cook having been killed on Hawaii during the voyage)
• 1791 - Beginning of the Haitian Slave Revolution in Saint-Domingue
• 1798 - French troops land in County Mayo, Ireland to aid Wolfe Tone's United Irishmen's Irish Rebellion
• 1846 - The United States annexes New Mexico
• 1851 - Gold is discovered in Australia
• 1851 - The first America's Cup is won by the yacht America.
• 1875 - The Treaty of Saint Petersburg between Japan and Russia is ratified, providing for the exchange of Sakhalin for the Kuril Islands.
• 1864 - Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention. The Red Cross is formed.
• 1901 - Cadillac Motor Company founded
• 1902 - Theodore Roosevelt became the first President of the United States to ride in an automobile
• 1910 - Japan annexes Korea with the signing of the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty. The name Korea was abolished and replaced with the ancient name Joseon.
• 1911 - Theft of the Mona Lisa is discovered
• 1914 - World War I: In Belgium, British and German troops clash for the first time in the war.
• 1922 - Michael Collins, Commander-in-Chief of the Irish Free State Army is shot dead during an Anti-Treaty ambush at Beal na mBlath, County Cork, during the Irish Civil War.
• 1926 - Gold discovered in Johannesburg, South Africa
• 1941 - World War II: German troops reach Leningrad, leading to the siege of Leningrad
• 1942 - World War II: Brazil declares war on the Axis powers (Germany, Italy and Japan)
• 1944 - World War II: Last transport of French Jews to concentration camps in Germany
• 1944 - World War II: Thirty-two Spaniards & four French Maquis tackle a German column (1,300 men in 60 lorries, with 6 tanks & 2 self-propelled guns), at La Madeiline, France. Three Maquis are wounded, with 110 Germans killed and 200 wounded.
• 1950 - Althea Gibson becomes the first black competitor in international tennis
• 1953 - The jail on Devil's Island is closed
• 1962 - An attempt to assassinate French president Charles De Gaulle fails
• 1962 - The NS Savannah, the world's first nuclear-powered ship, completes its maiden voyage
• 1968 - Pope Paul VI arrives in Bogotá, Colombia. It is the first visit of a pope to Latin America
• 1972 - Rhodesia is expelled by the IOC for its racist policies
• 1988 - The Australian koala, the first platinum coin, is issued
• 1989 - The first ring of Neptune is discovered
• 1989 - Nolan Ryan strikes out Rickey Henderson to become the first major league baseball pitcher to record 5000 strikeouts.
• 1992 - FBI HRT sniper Lon Horiuchi shoots and kills Vicki Weaver during an 11-day siege at her home at Ruby Ridge, Idaho.
• 2001 - the Trojan room coffee pot is switched off for the last time.
• 2004 - The Scream, the painting by Edvard Munch, is stolen at gunpoint from a museum in Oslo, Norway.

August 22 - Births

• 1601 - Georges de Scudéry, French writer (d. 1667)
• 1624 - Jean Renaud de Segrais, French writer (d. 1701)
• 1647 - Denis Papin, French physicist, mathematician, and inventor
• 1679 - Pierre Guérin de Tencin, French cardinal (d. 1758)
• 1760 - Pope Leo XII (d. 1829)
• 1764 - Charles Percier, French architect (d. 1838)
• 1771 - Henry Maudslay, English inventor and tool-maker (d. 1831)
• 1800 - William S. Harney, U.S. general (d. 1889)
• 1802 - Gurdon Saltonstall Hubbard, American land speculator (d. 1886)
• 1834 - Samuel Pierpont Langley, American astronomer, physicist, inventor, aviation pioneer (d. 1906)
• 1854 - King Milan I of Serbia (d. 1901)
• 1860 - Paul Nipkow, German inventor and television pioneer (d. 1940)
• 1862 - Claude Debussy, French composer (d. 1918)
• 1867 - Maximilian Bircher-Benner, Swiss physician and nutritionist (d. 1939)
• 1873 - Alexander Bogdanov, Russian physician and philosopher (d. 1928)
• 1874 - Max Scheler, German philosopher (d. 1928)
• 1880 - George Herriman, American cartoonist (d. 1944)
• 1893 - Dorothy Parker, American writer (d. 1967)
• 1900 - Sergei Ozhegov, Russian lexicographer (d. 1964)
• 1902 - Leni Riefenstahl, German film director (d. 2003)
• 1904 - Deng Xiaoping, leader of the People's Republic of China (d. 1997)
• 1908 - Henri Cartier-Bresson, French photographer (d. 2004)
• 1915 - Hugh Paddick, British actor (d. 2000)
• 1915 - Edward Szczepanik, Polish economist and Prime Minister in exile (d. 2005)
• 1917 - John Lee Hooker, American guitarist and singer (d. 2001)
• 1920 - Ray Bradbury, American writer
• 1920 - Denton Cooley, American heart surgeon
• 1928 - Karlheinz Stockhausen, German composer
• 1930 - Gilmar, Brazilian football player
• 1934 - Norman Schwarzkopf, U.S. general
• 1935 - E. Annie Proulx, American author
• 1938 - Paul Maguire, American football player
• 1939 - George Reinholt, American actor
• 1939 - Carl Yastrzemski, baseball player
• 1940 - Valerie Harper, American actress
• 1941 - Bill Parcells, American football coach
• 1942 - Kathy Lennon, American singer (The Lennon Sisters)
• 1945 - Ron Dante, American singer (The Archies), songwriter and record producer
• 1947 - Cindy Williams, American actress
• 1955 - Will Shetterly, writer
• 1956 - Paul Molitor, baseball player
• 1957 - Steve Davis, English snooker player
• 1958 - Colm Feore, American-born actor
• 1958 - Vernon Reid, American musician (Living Colour)
• 1961 - Roland Orzabal, singer and guitarist (Tears for Fears)
• 1963 - Tori Amos, American singer, songwriter, and pianist
• 1964 - Mats Wilander, Swedish tennis player
• 1966 - GZA, American rapper
• 1967 - Layne Staley, American musician (Alice in Chains) (d. 2002)
• 1970 - Charlie Connelly, English writer
• 1973 - Howie Dorough, American singer (Backstreet Boys)
• 1977 - Heidar Helguson, Icelandic footballer
• 1978 - Jeff Stinco Canadian musician (Simple Plan)

August 22 - Deaths

• 408 - Stilicho, Roman general (b. 359)
• 1155 - Emperor Konoe of Japan (b. 1139)
• 1188 - King Ferdinand II of Leon
• 1241 - Pope Gregory IX
• 1280 - Pope Nicholas III
• 1286 - Erik V Klipping, King of Denmark (murdered) (b. 1249)
• 1304 - John II, Count of Hainaut (b. 1247)
• 1350 - King Philip VI of France (b. 1293)
• 1485 - King Richard III of England (killed in battle) (b. 1452)
• 1553 - John Dudley, English admiral and politician (beheaded) (b. 1501)
• 1584 - Jan Kochanowski, Polish writer (b. 1530)
• 1599 - Beatrice Cenci, Italian noblewoman who conspired to murder her father (b. 1577)
• 1599 - Luca Marenzio, Italian composer
• 1607 - Bartholomew Gosnold, English explorer and privateer (b. 1572)
• 1609 - Maharal of Prague, Jewish mystic and philosopher (b. 1525)
• 1652 - Jacob De la Gardie, Swedish soldier and statesman (b. 1583)
• 1680 - John George II, Elector of Saxony (b. 1613)
• 1701 - John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath, English royalist statesman (b. 1628)
• 1711 - Louis François, duc de Boufflers, French marshal (b. 1644)
• 1752 - William Whiston, English mathematician (b. 1667)
• 1793 - Louis, 4th duc de Noailles, Marshal of France (b. 1713)
• 1797 - Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser, Alsatian-born Austrian general (b. 1724)
• 1806 - Jean-Honoré Fragonard, French artist (b. 1732)
• 1818 - Warren Hastings, British Governor-General of India (b. 1732)
• 1823 - Lazare Carnot, French general, politician, and mathematician (b. 1753)
• 1828 - Franz Joseph Gall, Austrian neuroscientist (b. 1758)
• 1850 - Nikolaus Lenau, Austrian poet (b. 1802)
• 1861 - Xianfeng, Emperor of China (b. 1831)
• 1891 - Jan Neruda, Czech author (b. 1834)
• 1903 - Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1830)
• 1904 - Kate Chopin, American author (b. 1851)
• 1913 - Bruno Pontecorvo, Italian physicist (d. 1993)
• 1918 - Korbinian Brodmann, German neurologist (b. 1868)
• 1922 - Michael Collins, Irish revolutionary (ambushed) (b. 1890)
• 1926 - Charles W. Eliot, American President of Harvard University (b. 1834)
• 1942 - Michel Fokine, Russian choreographer and dancer (b. 1880)
• 1953 - Jim Tabor, baseball player (b. 1916)
• 1958 - Roger Martin du Gard, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
• 1976 - Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, President of Brazil (b. 1902)
• 1977 - Sebastian Cabot, English-born actor (b. 1918)
• 1978 - Jomo Kenyatta, first Prime Minister of Kenya
• 1989 - Huey P. Newton, American activist (b. 1942)
• 1991 - Colleen Dewhurst, Canadian actress (b. 1924)
• 2003 - Arnold Gerschwiler, Swiss-born figure skating trainer (b. 1914)
• 2004 - Konstantin Aseev, Russian chess player (b. 1960)
• 2005 - Luc Ferrari, French composer (b. 1929)

August 22 - Holidays and observances

• RC feasts - Mary queen of angels

Adapted from the Wikipedia article "August 22", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki