 |
at Global Oneness Community.
Share your dreams and let others help you with the interpretation!
Dream Sharing Forum
|
|
Apophony - Apophony vs. transfixation root-and-pattern | | Apophony - Apophony vs. transfixation root-and-pattern: Encyclopedia II - Apophony - Apophony vs. transfixation root-and-pattern | | The nonconcatenative root-and-pattern morphology of the Afro-Asiatic languages is sometimes described in terms of apophony. The alternation patterns in many of these languages is quite extensive involving vowels and consonant gemination (i.e. doubled consonants). The alternations below are of Modern Standard Arabic (the symbol < ː > indicates gemination on the preceding consonant):
See also:Apophony, Apophony - Description, Apophony - Types of apophony, Apophony - Vowel apophony ablaut, Apophony - Prosodic apophony, Apophony - Consonant apophony mutation, Apophony - Vowel alternation in Indo-European, Apophony - Apophony vs. transfixation root-and-pattern, Apophony - Replacive morphemes & apophony, Apophony - Ablaut vs. umlaut, Apophony - Ablaut-motivated compounding, Apophony - Bibliography | | Apophony, Apophony - Ablaut vs. umlaut, Apophony - Ablaut-motivated compounding, Apophony - Apophony vs. transfixation root-and-pattern, Apophony - Bibliography, Apophony - Consonant apophony mutation, Apophony - Description, Apophony - Prosodic apophony, Apophony - Replacive morphemes & apophony, Apophony - Types of apophony, Apophony - Vowel alternation in Indo-European, Apophony - Vowel apophony ablaut, Indo-European ablaut, Consonant mutation, references for ablaut, Nonconcatenative morphology, Morphology (linguistics) | | |
| | | Apophony: Encyclopedia II - Apophony - Apophony vs. transfixation root-and-pattern
Apophony - Apophony vs. transfixation root-and-pattern
The nonconcatenative root-and-pattern morphology of the Afro-Asiatic languages is sometimes described in terms of apophony. The alternation patterns in many of these languages is quite extensive involving vowels and consonant gemination (i.e. doubled consonants). The alternations below are of Modern Standard Arabic (the symbol < ː > indicates gemination on the preceding consonant):
| word |
gloss |
alternation pattern |
| katab |
"to write" |
(a - a) |
| kataba |
"he wrote" |
(a - a - a) |
| kaatab |
"to correspond with" |
(aa - a) |
| kattab |
"to cause to write" |
(a - ːa) |
| kuttib |
"to be caused to write" |
(u - ːi) |
| kitaab |
"book" |
(i - aa) |
| kutub |
"books" |
(u - u) |
| kaatib |
"writer" |
(aa - i) |
| kuttaab |
"writers" |
(u - ːaa) |
For other examples, see archaic plurals in Amharic, Broken plural.
Other analyses of these languages consider the patterns not to be sound alternations, but rather discontinuous roots with discontinuous affixes, known as transfixes (also simulfixes or suprafixes). Some theoretical perspectives call up the notion of morphological templates or morpheme "skeletons".
Note that it would also be possible to analyze English in this way as well, where the alternation of goose/geese could be explained as a basic discontinuous root g-se that is filled out with an infix -oo- "(singular)" or -ee- "(plural)". Many would consider this type of analysis for English to be less desirable as this type of infixal morphology is not very prevalent throughout English and the morphemes -oo- and -ee- would be exceedingly rare.
Other related archivesA-mutation, Afro-Asiatic languages, Albanian, Athabascan, Bemba, Broken plural, Celtic languages, Consonant mutation, Dinka, English, English grammar: Irregular verbs, English reduplication, Germanic umlaut, I-mutation, Indo-European, Indo-European ablaut, Linguistic morphology, Modern Standard Arabic, Morphology (linguistics), Navajo, Nonconcatenative morphology, Proto-Germanic, Proto-Indo-European language, U-mutation, Vietnamese, West Germanic strong verb, affixes, archaic plurals in Amharic, aspect, assimilation, causative, consonant mutation, consonants, derivationally, diachronic, gemination, grammatical gender, grammatical number, grammaticalized, infix, inflectional, inflectionally, linguistics, morpheme, morphological, nasality, nonconcatenative, onomatopoeia, palatalization, part of speech, past participle, phonological, prosodic, reduplication, references for ablaut, stress, strong verbs, suffix, suffixes, syllable length, synchronic, templates, tense, tone, transitivity, umlaut, verbs, vowel, vowel harmony, vowel length, vowels, weak verbs
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Apophony vs. transfixation root-and-pattern", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
|
|
|
More material related to Apophony can be found here:
|
|
|
« Back
|
Search the Global Oneness web site |
|
|
|
|
|
Sneak-Peek of Global Oneness Community
Hi friend! The Global Oneness Community, the place for information and sharing about Oneness is not really launched yet (you will see there is still some clean up to do) ...but it is now open for a sneak-peek! And if you wish - please register and become one of the very first members to do so! Jonas
Forum Home,
Articles,
Photo Gallery,
Videos,
News,
Sitemap
...and much more!
|
