Youth voice: Encyclopedia II - Youth voice - Background

Youth voice - Background

The term "youth voice" is often intended to group together a diversity of perspectives and experiences, regardless of backgrounds, identities, and cultural differences. Alternately, the plural forms of either word are usually intended to recognize plurality and diversity of experience, as in youths voice or youth voices. The concept is traditionally acknowledged by community and classroom educators and youth workers; it is increasingly employed by politicians, researchers, and mainstream media.

The history of youth voice extends at least to the Middle Ages, when as a youth of 14 Joan of Arc led armies into battle. Other sources cite^{[citation needed]} the historic examples of young lamas in Buddism, such as the current Dalai Lama who was only 6 when he was identified as the next spiritual and political leader of Tibet; or Jesus Christ, who according to Christian tradition was just 12 when he began his effort to educate his community about his spiritual beliefs.

In modern times, youth activism, which is reliant upon youth voice, began in the United States in the late 1800s. The US has seen continuous interest (although not sustained) in youth voice since that time, with particular upsurges in the 1930s (American Youth Congress), 1960s (SDS and SNCC) through to the early 1980s (National Commission on Resources for Youth). In the 1950s and 60s sociologist Margaret Mead actively promoted deepened understanding and engagement of youth voice.

Recently, a growing number of nonprofit, educational, and governmental programs around the world claim to advocate and/or engage youth voice in a variety of ways. They include YouthBuild USA, National Youth Rights Association, and youth councils around the world. The United Nations has heavily proponented youth voice through its Youth Unit, as well as the Convention on the Rights of the Child in Articles 5 and 12. A number of academics, authors, and advocates also proponent youth voice, including cultural critic Henry Giroux, activist/author William Upski Wimsatt, critical pedagogue Peter McLaren, and anti-racist/feminist/anti-imperialist theorist bell hooks.

Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Background", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki