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Vishnu - Etymology | | Vishnu - Etymology: Encyclopedia II - Vishnu - Etymology | | The traditional Hindu explanation of the name Viṣṇu involves the root viś, meaning "to settle, to enter", or also (in the Rigveda) "to pervade", and a suffix nu, translating to approximately "the All-Pervading One". The early commentator on the Vedas,Yaska, in his Nirukta, defines Vishnu as 'vishnu vishateh; one who enters everywhere', and 'yad vishito bhavati tad vishnurbhavati; that which is free f ...
See also:Vishnu, Vishnu - Etymology, Vishnu - Pre-Puranic Vishnu, Vishnu - In the Vedas, Vishnu - In the Brahmanas, Vishnu - In the Upanishads, Vishnu - Theological attributes and more, Vishnu - Relations with other Deities, Vishnu - Iconography, Vishnu - Worship, Vishnu - Names, Vishnu - Theological beliefs and philosophy | | | Vishnu, Vishnu - Etymology, Vishnu - Iconography, Vishnu - In the Brahmanas, Vishnu - In the Upanishads, Vishnu - In the Vedas, Vishnu - Names, Vishnu - Pre-Puranic Vishnu, Vishnu - Relations with other Deities, Vishnu - Theological attributes and more, Vishnu - Theological beliefs and philosophy, Vishnu - Worship, Hindu deities, List of Hindu deities, the Journal of Vaishnava Studies | | |
| | | Vishnu: Encyclopedia II - Vishnu - Etymology
Vishnu - Etymology
The traditional Hindu explanation of the name Viṣṇu involves the root viś, meaning "to settle, to enter", or also (in the Rigveda) "to pervade", and a suffix nu, translating to approximately "the All-Pervading One". The early commentator on the Vedas,Yaska, in his Nirukta, defines Vishnu as 'vishnu vishateh; one who enters everywhere', and 'yad vishito bhavati tad vishnurbhavati; that which is free from fetters and bondages is Vishnu.'
Adi Sankara in his commentary on Vishnu Sahasranama (Swami Tapasyananda's translation,Ramakrishna Math publications) states derivation from this root, with a meaning "presence everywhere" ("As He pervades everything, vevesti, He is called Visnu"). Adi Sankara states (regarding Vishnu Purana, 3.1.45): "The Power of the Supreme Being has entered within the universe. The root Viś means 'enter into.'"
Regarding the suffix, Manfred Mayrhofer (Indo-Aryan etymological dictionary, 1996, II.566f.) proposes that the nasal is analogous to jiṣṇu "victorious". Mayrhofer further suggests that the name goes back to an already Indo-Iranian *višnu, and was replaced by rašnu in Zoroastrian Iran.
The root viś is also associated with viśva "all" (possibly by popular etymology, the word is generally believed to derive from Indo-Iranian *vi-k'o-, influenced by sarva "all", but a minority opinion does, indeed, derive viśva as from vik'-so, (J. Knobloch (1980)).
Suggestions involving other roots include include vi-ṣṇu "crossing the back", vi-ṣ-ṇu "facing towards all sides" and viṣ-ṇu "active", as well as attempts to explain Vishnu as an amalgate of two unrelated words, or as being derived from a non-Aryan root (see Mayrhofer, A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary (1976) III.231f., J. Gonda, Aspects of Early Visnuism (ISBN 8120810872, reprint 1993) for a collection of references). The name is continued in Prakrit veṇhu, viṇhu.
Other related archivesAcyutah, Adi Sankara, Adityas, Advaita, Agni, Aryan, Asuras, Atharvaveda, Avatars, Bhrigu, Brahma, Brahman, Brahmanas, Caitanya Mahaprabhu, Chandra, Devanagari, Devas, Dvaita, Energy, Ganesha, Garuda, Gaudiya Vaishnava Theology, Gaudiya Vaishnavism, God, Govinda, Grittith, Hanuman, Hayagriva, Hindu Trinity, Hindu deities, Hindu philosophy, Hinduism, Hindus, Hrsikesha, IAST, ISKCON, Indra, Ishta-Deva, Janardana, Kesava, Krishna, Krishnology, Kubera, Lakshmi, List of Hindu deities, Madhava, Madhusudana, Madhva, Mahabharata, Manfred Mayrhofer, Maruta, Maya, Moon, Narasimha, Narayana, Nirukta, Omniscient, Padmanabha, Purana, Puranas, Rama, Ramakrishna, Ramakrishna Math, Ramakrishna Mission, Ramanuja, Rigveda, Sacrifice, Saguna Brahman, Shaivism, Shaivites, Shesha, Shiva, Shri, Shri Rudram, Singular God, Smartas, Soma, Sovereignty, Sridhara, Sriman, Sriman Narayana, Srinivasa, Srivaishnavism, Strength, Sun, Surya, Swami Tapasyananda, Tirupati, Trimurti, Upanishad, Upanishads, Vaishnava Theology, Vaishnavas, Vaishnavism, Vamana, Varaha, Varuna, Vasudeva, Vedas, Venkateswara, Vishishtadvaita, Vishnu Purana, Vishnu Sahasranama, Vishnu sahasranama, Vritra, Vāsudeva, Yama, Yaska, Zoroastrian, adharma, anthropomorphic, avatar, avatars, chakra, conch, cosmos, crown, devas, dharma, earrings, epithets, guņa, lingam, lotus, mace, mankind, narayana, navel, omnipresent, perfect tense, petals, popular etymology, reduplicated, root, saligrama, satya, seasons, the Journal of Vaishnava Studies, yuga
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Etymology", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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