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Tibet - Name | | Tibet - Name: Encyclopedia II - Tibet - Name | |
Tibet - In English.
The English word Tibet, like the word for Tibet in most European languages, ultimately derives (via Arabic and Persian) from a Turkic word Töbän (pl. Töbäd) meaning "the heights". (Behr, W. Oriens 34 (1994): 557-564.) The Chinese word for the Tibetan Empire (7th - 11th centuries), 吐蕃 (tǔfān or tǔbō), may have the same origin.
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See also:Tibet, Tibet - Definitions, Tibet - Status, Tibet - Name, Tibet - In English, Tibet - In Tibetan, Tibet - In Chinese, Tibet - Cities, Tibet - History, Tibet - Evaluation of PRC rule, Tibet - Geography, Tibet - Economy, Tibet - Demographics, Tibet - Culture, Tibet - Further reading & media | | | Tibet, Tibet - Cities, Tibet - Culture, Tibet - Definitions, Tibet - Demographics, Tibet - Economy, Tibet - Evaluation of PRC rule, Tibet - Further reading & media, Tibet - Geography, Tibet - History, Tibet - In Chinese, Tibet - In English, Tibet - In Tibetan, Tibet - Name, Tibet - Status, Évariste Régis Huc (Abbé Huc) visited Tibet in 1845-1846, and wrote his observations in Souvenirs d'un voyage dans la Tartarie, le Thibet, et la Chine pendant les années 1844-1846., Francis Younghusband led a punitive military expedition to Tibet in 1904., Alexandra David-Neel visited Lhasa in 1924, and wrote several books about the country and its culture., List of active autonomist and secessionist movements, Tibetan American | | |
| | | Tibet: Encyclopedia II - Tibet - Name
Tibet - Name
Tibet - In English
The English word Tibet, like the word for Tibet in most European languages, ultimately derives (via Arabic and Persian) from a Turkic word Töbän (pl. Töbäd) meaning "the heights". (Behr, W. Oriens 34 (1994): 557-564.) The Chinese word for the Tibetan Empire (7th - 11th centuries), 吐蕃 (tǔfān or tǔbō), may have the same origin.
Tibet - In Tibetan
Tibetans call their homeland Bod (བོད་), pronounced pö in Lhasa dialect. It is first attested in the geography of Ptolemy as βαται (batai) and in Chinese texts as fa (Beckwith, C. U. of Indiana Diss. 1977). They refer to a fatherland, rather than a motherland as does India.
Tibet - In Chinese
The Chinese name for Tibet, 西藏 (Xīzàng), is a phonetic transliteration derived from Tsang (western Ü-Tsang) The name originated during the Manchu Qing Dynasty of China. It can be broken down into Xi 西 (literally "West"), and Zang 藏 (literally "Tibetan"). The term can be interpreted as either "Western Tibet", or "Tibet of/in the West".
The government of the People's Republic of China equates Tibet with Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR). As such, the name "Xizang" is equated with the TAR. In order to refer non-TAR Tibetan areas, or to all of cultural Tibet, the term 藏区 Zàngqū (literally, "ethnic Tibetan areas") is used. However, Chinese-language versions of pro-Tibetan independence websites, such as the Free Tibet Campaign, the Voice of Tibet, and Tibet Net use 西藏 ("Xizang"), not 藏区 ("Zangqu"), to mean historic Tibet.
Many English-speakers reserve "Xizang", the Chinese word transliterated into English, for the TAR, to keep the concept distinct from that of historic Tibet. Some pro-independence advocates duplicate the situation into the Chinese language, and use 土伯特 or 图伯特, which are both phonetic transcriptions of the word "Tibet", to refer to historic Tibet, though this usage is rare.
The character 藏 (zàng) has been used in transcriptions referring to Tsang as early as the Yuan Dynasty, if not earlier, though the modern term "Xizang" was devised in the 18th century. The Chinese character 藏 (Zàng) has also been generalized to refer to all of Tibet, including other concepts related to Tibet such as the Tibetan language (藏文, Zàngwén) and the Tibetan people (藏族, Zàngzú). The two characters of Xīzàng can literally mean "western storehouse", which some Tibetans find offensive. However, the offending character, "zàng", can also mean "treasure" or "Buddhist scripture". In addition, Chinese transliterations of non-Chinese names do not necessarily take into account the literal meanings of words; usually a positive or neutral connotation combined with phonetic similarity is enough for the transliteration to come into use.
Other related archives10th centuries, 10th century, 12th century, 1368, 13th century, 14th Dalai Lama, 1720, 1759, 1855, 18th century, 1904, 1906, 1907, 1910, 1910s, 1912, 1913, 1924, 1925, 1931, 1946, 1948, 1950, 1950s, 1951, 1959, 1960s, 1962, 1965, 1979, 1980, 1980s, 1989, 19th century, 2002, 20th century, 7th century, Alexandra David-Neel, Amdo, Arabic, Arunachal Pradesh, Autonomous Region, Avalokiteśvara, Bhutan, Brahmaputra, Buryat, Bön, CIA, Central Asia, Chamdo, China Western Development, China proper, Chinese, Chinese imperialism, Cultural Revolution, Culture of Tibet, Dalai Lama, Dalai Lama's government in exile, Dalai Lamas, Dharamsala, Epic of King Gesar, Foreign relations of Tibet, Francis Younghusband, GDP, Gang of Four, Ganges, Gansu, Gedhun Choekyi Nyima, Geneva Convention, Geography of Tibet, Golmud, Government of Tibet in Exile, Great Leap Forward, Gyancain Norbu, Gyantse, Han Chinese, Harry Wu, Himalaya, History of Tibet, Hu Yaobang, Huang He, Hui, India, Indus River, Kham, Kham (Khams), Kingdom of Dali, Kuomintang, Ladakh, Lhasa, Lhoba, List of active autonomist and secessionist movements, Manchu, Manchu Empire, McMahon Line, Mekong, Menba (Monpa), Ming Dynasty, Mongol, Mongol Empire, Mongolia, Mongols, Mount Everest, Muslims, National Assembly of the Republic of China, Nepal, Nepalese, Norbulingka, PRC, Panchen Lama, People's Liberation Army, People's Republic of China, Persian, Plan for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet, Potala Palace, Ptolemy, Qing Dynasty, Qinghai, Qinghai-Tibet Railroad, Qingzang Railway, Red Guards, Renminbi, Republic of China, Sa-skya, Shigatse, Shingon, Sichuan, Sikkim, Sino-Indian War, South Tibet, Tangut Empire, The Black Book of Communism, Tibet Autonomous Region, Tibetan, Tibetan American, Tibetan Buddhism, Tibetan Empire, Tibetan Plateau, Tibetan kings, Tibetan language, Tibetan people, Tibetan script, Tibetans, Tibeto-Burman, Tingri, Vajrayana, Vajrayana Buddhism, World Heritage Site, World War I, Xining, Yangtze, Yangtze River, Yuan Dynasty, Yunnan, a treaty, amban, arable land, autonomous entities, citation needed, civil war in China, de facto, de jure, diplomatic recognition, divide-and-rule, economic reform, elevation, epic poem, fatherland, ft, government in exile, imperialism, infant mortality, lamas, land reform, laogai, life expectancy, livestock, m, monasteries in Tibet, monsoon, motherland, nation, one-child policy, pinyin, province, self-determination, serfs, subsistence agriculture, suzerainty, theocratic, tourism, tulku, Évariste Régis Huc, Ü-Tsang, Ü-Tsang (Dbus-gtsang)
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Name", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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