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Scramjet - Simple description | | Scramjet - Simple description: Encyclopedia II - Scramjet - Simple description | | A scramjet is a type of engine which is designed to operate at the high speeds normally associated with rocket propulsion. It is different from a rocket because it uses air collected from the atmosphere to burn its fuel, rather than carrying oxidiser in tanks. Normal jet engines and ramjet engines also use air collected from the atmosphere in this way. The problem is that collecting air from the atmosphere causes drag, which increases quickly as the speed increases. Also, at high speed, the air collected becomes so ho ...
See also:Scramjet, Scramjet - History, Scramjet - Simple description, Scramjet - Theory, Scramjet - Applications, Scramjet - Recent progress, Scramjet - Scramjet programmes, Scramjet - HyShot, Scramjet - Hyper-X, Scramjet - Russia and France and NASA, Scramjet - GASL projectile, Scramjet - Scramjet in the movies | | | Scramjet, Scramjet - Applications, Scramjet - GASL projectile, Scramjet - History, Scramjet - HyShot, Scramjet - Hyper-X, Scramjet - Recent progress, Scramjet - Russia and France and NASA, Scramjet - Scramjet in the movies, Scramjet - Scramjet programmes, Scramjet - Simple description, Scramjet - Theory | | |
| | | Scramjet: Encyclopedia II - Scramjet - Simple description
Scramjet - Simple description
A scramjet is a type of engine which is designed to operate at the high speeds normally associated with rocket propulsion. It is different from a rocket because it uses air collected from the atmosphere to burn its fuel, rather than carrying oxidiser in tanks. Normal jet engines and ramjet engines also use air collected from the atmosphere in this way. The problem is that collecting air from the atmosphere causes drag, which increases quickly as the speed increases. Also, at high speed, the air collected becomes so hot that the fuel doesn't burn properly any more.
A scramjet tries to solve both of these problems by changing the design of a ramjet. The main change is that the blockage inside the engine is reduced, so that the air isn't slowed down as much. This means that the air is cooler, so that the fuel can burn properly. Unfortunately the higher speed of the air means that the fuel has to mix and burn in a very short time, which is difficult to achieve.
To keep the combustion of the fuel going at the same rate, the pressure and temperature in the engine need to be kept constant. Unfortunately, the blockages which were removed from the ramjet were useful to control the air in the engine, and so the scramjet is forced to fly at a particular speed for each altitude. This is called a "constant dynamic pressure path" because the wind that the scramjet feels in its face is constant, making the scramjet fly faster at higher altitude and slower at lower altitude.
The inside of a very simple scramjet would look like two kitchen funnels attached by their small ends. The first funnel is the intake, and the air is pushed through, becoming compressed and hot. In the small section, where the two funnels join, fuel is added, and the combustion makes the gas become even hotter and more compressed. Finally, the second funnel is a nozzle, like the nozzle of a rocket, and thrust is produced.
Other related archives12 February, 16 November, 1947, 1960s, 1968, 1974, 1992, 1995, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, 30 August, A$, Aerojet, Air breathing engines, Airport, Arnold Air Force Base, Australia, Bell X-1, Boeing, Boeing B-52, Computational fluid dynamics, Concorde, EADS, Earth, France, French, Ft, Guinness Book of Records, HyShot, Hyper-X, Hypersonic, ISTAR, July 26, July 30, June 2, Kazakhstan, Los Angeles, Mach, March 27, NASA, National Aerospace Plane (NASP), North American, November 17, ONERA, Pegasus rocket, Pratt & Whitney, Pratt and Whitney, Rocketdyne, Russia, Russian, SR-71, Stealth, Sydney, Australia, Tennessee, Tupolev Tu-144, U.S. Army, U.S. state, UCAV, US $, US Air Force, US Navy, US military, University of Queensland, World War II, X-15, X-43A, aircraft, atmosphere, classified, enthalpy, flame holder, flight control surfaces, fuel, funnels, hydrogen, hypersonic, inch, jet, jet-, jetliner, jumbo jets, kinetic energy, milliseconds, missile, nozzle, oxidizer, parabolic trajectory, projectile, propulsion, ramjet, rocket, rocket-powered aircraft, shock, sounding rocket, space shuttle, spacecraft, specific impulse, stealth, stratosphere, subsonic, supersonic, supersonic transports, turbine, turbofan, turbojet, weight and complexity issues that must be considered.
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Simple description", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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