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Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis |  | Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis: Encyclopedia II - Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis |  | The diagnosis can be established by measuring catecholamine and metanefrine in plasma or urine. One diagnostic test used in the past for a pheochromocytoma is to administer clonidine (Catapres®), a centrally-acting alpha-2 agonist used to treat high blood pressure. Clonidine mimics catecholamines in the brain, causing it to reduce the activity of the sympathetic nerves controlling the adrenal medulla. A healthy adrenal medulla will respond to clonidine by reducing catecholamine production; the lack of a response is evidence of pheochromocyt ...
See also:Pheochromocytoma, Pheochromocytoma - Inheritance, Pheochromocytoma - Features, Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis, Pheochromocytoma - Differential diagnosis, Pheochromocytoma - Treatment |  | | Pheochromocytoma, Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis, Pheochromocytoma - Differential diagnosis, Pheochromocytoma - Features, Pheochromocytoma - Inheritance, Pheochromocytoma - Treatment |  | |
|  |  | Pheochromocytoma: Encyclopedia II - Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis
Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis
The diagnosis can be established by measuring catecholamine and metanefrine in plasma or urine. One diagnostic test used in the past for a pheochromocytoma is to administer clonidine (Catapres®), a centrally-acting alpha-2 agonist used to treat high blood pressure. Clonidine mimics catecholamines in the brain, causing it to reduce the activity of the sympathetic nerves controlling the adrenal medulla. A healthy adrenal medulla will respond to clonidine by reducing catecholamine production; the lack of a response is evidence of pheochromocytoma. Another test is for the clinician to press gently on the adrenal gland. A pheochromocytoma will often release a burst of catecholamines, with the associated signs and symptoms quickly following.
Pheochromocytomae occur most often during young-adult to mid-adult life. Less than 10% of pheochromocytomas are malignant (cancerous).
These tumors can form a pattern with other endocrine gland cancers which is labelled multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN). Pheochromocytoma may occur in patients with MEN 2a and MEN 2b.
Pheochromocytoma - Differential diagnosis
The differential diagnosis of pheochromocytoma includes:
- Anxiety disorders
- Carcinoid tumor
- Essential hypertension
- Hyperthyroidism
- Insulinoma
- Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
- Renovascular hypertension
Other related archivesAnxiety disorders, Carcinoid tumor, Essential hypertension, Hyperthyroidism, Insulinoma, Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, Renovascular hypertension, VHL, adrenal glands, anxiety, arterial hypertension, catecholamines, chromaffin, clonidine, diaphoresis, differential diagnosis, elevated blood pressure, elevated heart rate, epinephrine, ganglia, headaches, high blood pressure, hyperactivity, malignant, malignant hypertension, medulla, multiple endocrine neoplasia, norepinephrine, palpitations, panic attack, paragangliomas, resection, signs, sympathetic nervous system, symptoms, tumor
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Diagnosis", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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