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October 31 | | October 31: Encyclopedia - October 31 | | October 31 is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 61 days remaining, as the final day of October.
October 31 - Events.
October 31 is the day of halloween
475 - Romulus Augustus was proclaimed Roman Emperor.
1517 - Protestant Reformation: Martin Luther posts his 95 theses on the door of the [[Wittenberg Castle
Church]].
1587 - Leiden University Library opens its doors after its founding in 1575. ...
Including:
| | | October 31, October 31 - Births, October 31 - Deaths, October 31 - Events, October 31 - Holidays and observances | | |
| | | October 31: Encyclopedia - October 31
October 31
October 31 is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 61 days remaining, as the final day of October.
October 31 - Events
October 31 is the day of halloween
- 475 - Romulus Augustus was proclaimed Roman Emperor.
- 1517 - Protestant Reformation: Martin Luther posts his 95 theses on the door of the [[Wittenberg Castle
Church]].
- 1587 - Leiden University Library opens its doors after its founding in 1575.
- 1822 - Emperor Agustín de Iturbide attempted to dissolve the Mexican Empire.
- 1861 - American Civil War: Citing failing health, Union General Winfield Scott resigns as Commander of the United States Army.
- 1863 - The Maori Wars resumed as British forces in New Zealand led by General Duncan Cameron began their Invasion of the Waikato.
- 1864 - Nevada is admitted as the 36th U.S. state.
- 1876 - A monster cyclone ravages India, resulting in over 200,000 human deaths.
- 1892 - Arthur Conan Doyle publishes The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes.
- 1912 - The Musketeers of Pig Alley, directed by D.W. Griffith, debuts as the first gangster film.
- 1912 - Dominican Republic becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
- 1917 - World War I: Battle of Beersheba - "last successful cavalry charge in history"
- 1922 - Benito Mussolini becomes the youngest Premier in the history of Italy.
- 1923 - 160 consecutive days of 100 degrees at Marble Bar, Australia begins.
- 1926 - Magician Harry Houdini dies of gangrene and peritonitis that developed after his appendix ruptured.
- 1936 - The Boy Scouts of the Philippines was formed.
- 1938 - Great Depression: In an effort to try restore investor confidence, the New York Stock Exchange unveils a fifteen-point program aimed to upgrade protection for the investing public.
- 1940 - World War II: Battle of Britain ends - The United Kingdom prevents Germany from invading Great Britain.
- 1941 - After 14 years of work, drilling is completed on Mount Rushmore.
- 1941 - World War II: The destroyer USS Reuben James is torpedoed by a German U-boat near Iceland, killing more than 100 United States Navy sailors.
- 1941 - American photographer Ansel Adams takes a picture of a moonrise over the town of Hernandez, New Mexico that would become one of the most famous images in the history of photography.
- 1954 - Algerian War of Independence: The Algerian National Liberation Front begins a revolt against French rule.
- 1956 - Suez Crisis: The United Kingdom and France begin bombing Egypt to force the reopening of the Suez Canal.
- 1961 - In the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin's body is removed from Lenin's Tomb.
- 1968 - Vietnam War October surprise:Citing progress with the Paris peace talks, US President Lyndon B. Johnson announces to the nation that he has ordered a complete cessation of "all air, naval, and artillery bombardment of North Vietnam" effective November 1.
- 1981 - Lily and James Potter from the Harry Potter novels were killed by Lord Voldemort.
- 1984 - Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi is assassinated by two Sikh security guards (riots soon broke out in New Delhi and nearly 2,000 innocent Sikhs were killed).
- 1986 - The 5th congress of the Communist Party of Sweden is inaugurated. During the course of the congress the party name is changed to the Solidarity Party and the party ceases to be a communist party.
- 1994 - An American Eagle ATR-72 crashes in Roselawn, Indiana, after circling in icy weather, killing all 68 on board.
- 1996 - A Brazilian TAM Fokker-100 crashes into several houses in São Paulo, Brazil killing 98 including 2 on the ground.
- 1996 - Jean Chrétien becomes UN special envoy to the African Great Lakes.
- 1997 - 19-year-old British au pair Louise Woodward, convicted by a Cambridge, Massachusetts, jury of second-degree murder the day before, is sentenced to life in prison.
- 1998 - Iraq disarmament crisis begins: Iraq announces it would no longer cooperate with United Nations weapons inspectors.
- 1999 - EgyptAir Flight 990 traveling from New York City to Cairo crashes off the coast of Nantucket, Massachusetts, killing all 217 on-board.
- 1999 - Roman Catholic Church and Lutheran Church leaders sign the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification, ending a centuries-old doctrinal dispute over the nature of faith and salvation.
- 2000 - A Singapore Airlines Boeing 747-400 operating as Flight 006 collides with construction equipment upon takeoff in Taipei, Taiwan killing 79 passengers and 4 crew members
- 2000 - A chartered Antonov AN-26 explodes after takeoff in Northern Angola killing 50
- 2000 - The last Multics machine was shut down.
- 2002 - A federal grand jury in Houston formally indicted former Enron Corp. chief financial officer Andrew Fastow on 78 counts of wire fraud, money laundering, conspiracy and obstruction of justice related to the collapse of his ex-employer.
- 2003 - A bankruptcy court approves MCI's reorganization plans, essentially clearing the telecommunications company to exit bankruptcy.
- 2003 - Mahathir bin Mohamad resigns as Prime Minister of Malaysia after 22 years in power.
- 2004 - Passenger airline service ends at Mirabel International Airport in Montreal, Canada.
- 2005 - President George W. Bush nominates Appeals court judge Samuel Alito to join the Supreme Court of the United States.
- 2005 - BSkyB starts broadcasting Sky Three on Sky, ntl and Freeview throughout the United Kingdom.
- 2005 - Theo Epstein, the general manager of the Boston Red Sox who helped the team win its first World Series in 86 years, unexpectedly quit during contract negotiations.
October 31 - Births
- 1291 - Philippe de Vitry, French composer (d. 1361)
- 1345 - King Fernando I of Portugal (d. 1383)
- 1391 - King Duarte of Portugal (d. 1438)
- 1424 - King Wladislaus III of Poland (d. 1444)
- 1538 - Caesar Baronius, Italian cardinal and historian (d. 1607)
- 1599 - Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles, English statesman and writer (d. 1680)
- 1620 - John Evelyn, English diarist (d. 1706)
- 1622 - Pierre Paul Puget, French artist (d. 1694)
- 1632 - (baptism) Johannes Vermeer, Flemish painter (d. 1675)
- 1636 - Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria (d. 1679)
- 1692 - Comte de Caylus, French archaelogist (d. 1765)
- 1705 - Pope Clement XIV (d. 1774)
- 1711 - Laura Bassi, Italian scholar (d. 1778)
- 1724 - Christopher Anstey, English writer (d. 1805)
- 1795 - John Keats, British poet (d. 1821)
- 1815 - Karl Weierstraß, German mathematician (d. 1897)
- 1831 - Paolo Mantegazza, Italian neurologist (d. 1910)
- 1835 - Adolf von Baeyer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1917)
- 1860 - Juliette Low, American founder of the Girl Scouts
- 1875 - Eugene Meyer, American businessman and newspaper publisher (d. 1954)
- 1887 - Chiang Kai-shek, Nationalist Chinese leader (d. 1975)
- 1892 - Alexander Alekhine, Russian chess player (d. 1946)
- 1895 - Basil Liddell Hart, British military historian (d. 1970)
- 1896 - Ethel Waters, American singer and actress (d. 1977)
- 1912 - Dale Evans, American singer and actress (d. 2001)
- 1917 - Thomas Hill, Canadian actor
- 1918 - Ian Stevenson, American parapsychologist
- 1920 - Dick Francis, Welsh novelist
- 1920 - Helmut Newton, German photographer (d. 2004)
- 1920 - Fritz Walter, German footballer
- 1922 - Barbara Bel Geddes, American actress (d. 2005)
- 1922 - Illinois Jacquet, American saxophonist (d. 2004)
- 1922 - King Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia
- 1925 - John Anthony Pople, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
- 1927 - Lee Grant, American actress
- 1928 - Cleo Moore, American actress (d. 1973)
- 1929 - Eddie Charlton, Australian snooker player (d. 1994)
- 1930 - Michael Collins, astronaut
- 1931 - Dan Rather, American television journalist
- 1936 - Michael Landon, American actor (d. 1991)
- 1937 - Tom Paxton, American singer
- 1939 - Ron Rifkin, American actor
- 1944 - Kinky Friedman, American musician and novelist
- 1945 - Brian Doyle-Murray, American comedian and actor
- 1946 - Stephen Rea, Irish actor
- 1946 - Norman Lovett, British actor
- 1947 - Deidre Hall, American actress
- 1947 - Frank Shorter, American runner
- 1950 - John Candy, Canadian comedian and actor (d. 1994)
- 1950 - Jane Pauley, American news anchor
- 1953 - Michael J. Anderson, American actor
- 1958 - Jeannie Longo, French cyclist
- 1959 - Neal Stephenson, American author
- 1961 - Peter Jackson, New Zealand film director
- 1961 - Larry Mullen, Irish drummer (U2)
- 1961 - Alonzo Babers, American runner
- 1961 - Kate Campbell, American musician
- 1963 - Dunga, Brazilian footballer
- 1963 - Fred McGriff, baseball player
- 1963 - Rob Schneider, American actor
- 1964 - Marco van Basten, Dutch football player
- 1965 - Annabella Lwin, British singer (Bow Wow Wow)
- 1966 - Adam Horovitz, American singer (Beastie Boys)
- 1968 - Antonio Davis, American basketball player
- 1968 - Vanilla Ice, American rapper
- 1970 - Linn Berggren, Swedish singer (Ace of Base)
- 1970 - Rogers Stevens, American guitarist (Blind Melon)
- 1971 - Alphonso Ford, American basketball player (d. 2004)
- 1971 - Ian Walker, English footballer
- 1972 - Shaun Bartlett, South African footballer
- 1974 - Muzzy Izzet, Turkish footballer
- 1980 - Eddie Kaye Thomas, American actor
- 1981 - Irina Denezhkina, Russian writer
- 1981 - Frank Iero, American guitarist (My Chemical Romance)
- 1986 - Christie Hayes, Australian actress
October 31 - Deaths
- 1147 - Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, English politician
- 1214 - Leonora of England, queen of Alfonso VIII of Castile (b. 1162)
- 1448 - John VIII Palaeologus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1390)
- 1517 - Fra Bartolommeo, Italian artist (b. 1472)
- 1659 - John Bradshaw, English judge (b. 1602)
- 1723 - Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1642)
- 1732 - Victor Amadeus II of Savoy (b. 1666)
- 1733 - Eberhard IV Ludwig, Duke of Württemberg (b. 1676)
- 1744 - Leonardo Leo, Italian composer (b. 1694)
- 1765 - Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, English military leader (b. 1721)
- 1768 - Francesco Maria Veracini, Italian composer (b. 1690)
- 1860 - Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald, British admiral (b. 1775)
- 1879 - Jacob Abbott, American author (b. 1803)
- 1916 - Charles Taze Russell, American founder of the Jehovah's Witnesses (b. 1852)
- 1918 - Egon Schiele, Austrian painter (b. 1890)
- 1926 - Harry Houdini, Hungarian-born magician (b. 1874)
- 1939 - Otto Rank, Austrian psychologist (b. 1884)
- 1943 - Max Reinhardt, German film director (b. 1873)
- 1959 - Jean Cabannes, French physicist (b. 1885)
- 1983 - George Halas, American football player, coach, and team owner (b. 1895)
- 1984 - Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India (b. 1917)
- 1985 - Poul Reichhardt, Danish actor (b. 1913)
- 1986 - Robert S. Mulliken, American physicist and chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (b. 1896)
- 1987 - Joseph Campbell, American author and expert on mythology (b. 1904)
- 1988 - John Houseman, Romanian-born actor and director (b. 1902)
- 1991 - Joseph Papp, American theatrical producer (b. 1921)
- 1993 - Federico Fellini, Italian director (b. 1920)
- 1993 - River Phoenix, American actor (drug overdose) (b. 1970)
- 1995 - Rosalind Cash, American actress (b. 1938)
- 1999 - Greg Moore, Canadian race car driver (b. 1975)
- 2000 - Ring Lardner, Jr., American screenwriter (b. 1915)
- 2002 - Lionel Poilâne, French baker and entrepreneur (b. 1945)
- 2003 - Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer, Indian singer (b. 1908)
- 2003 - Dharmsamrat Paramhans Swami Madhavananda, Indian guru (b. 1923)
- 2003 - Richard Neustadt, American political historian (b. 1919)
- 2005 - Mary Wimbush, English actress (b. 1924)
- 2005 - John "Beatz" Holohan, American drummer (Bayside) (b. 1974)
October 31 - Holidays and observances
- R.C. Saints - October 31 is the feast day of the following Roman Catholic Saints:
- St. Antoninus
- St. Arnulf
- St. Bega
- St. Notburga
- St. Quentin
- St Urban
- St. Wolfgang
- Also see October 31 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Protestant Church - Reformation Day: Martin Luther nailed his 95 theses on the Wittenberg church on this day in 1517
- October 31st is Halloween; also see Samhain (an approximate date)
- Cornwall - Allantide
- Wikipedia - Wikipedia:Tim Starling Day
- Paganism and Celts - Samhain
- October 31st is Nevada Day
October 31 is used in a joke: "Why is the date of Halloween equal to the date of Christmas?". The solution lies in the abbreviations for these two dates: Oct 31 and Dec 25. The abbreviations "Oct" and "Dec" are used not only to denote months, but sometimes as markers of octal and decimal numbers, respectively, and the octal number 31 is equal to the decimal number 25.
Other related archives1147, 1162, 1214, 1291, 1345, 1361, 1383, 1390, 1391, 1424, 1438, 1444, 1448, 1472, 1517, 1538, 1575, 1587, 1599, 1602, 1607, 1620, 1622, 1632, 1636, 1642, 1659, 1666, 1675, 1676, 1679, 1680, 1690, 1692, 1694, 1705, 1706, 1711, 1721, 1723, 1724, 1732, 1733, 1744, 1765, 1768, 1774, 1775, 1778, 1795, 1803, 1805, 1815, 1821, 1822, 1831, 1835, 1852, 1860, 1861, 1863, 1864, 1873, 1874, 1875, 1876, 1879, 1884, 1885, 1887, 1890, 1892, 1895, 1896, 1897, 1902, 1904, 1908, 1910, 1912, 1913, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1950, 1953, 1954, 1956, 1958, 1959, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1977, 1980, 1981, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 475, 95 theses, Ace of Base, Adam Horovitz, Adolf von Baeyer, African Great Lakes, Agustín de Iturbide, Alexander Alekhine, Alfonso VIII of Castile, Algerian National Liberation Front, Algerian War of Independence, Allantide, Alonzo Babers, Alphonso Ford, American Civil War, American Eagle ATR-72, Andrew Fastow, Angola, Annabella Lwin, Ansel Adams, Antonio Davis, Arthur Conan Doyle, Australia, BSkyB, Barbara Bel Geddes, Basil Liddell Hart, Battle of Beersheba, Battle of Britain, Beastie Boys, Benito Mussolini, Blind Melon, Boeing 747-400, Boston Red Sox, Bow Wow Wow, Boy Scouts of the Philippines, Brian Doyle-Murray, British, Buenos Aires, Byzantine Emperor, Caesar Baronius, Cairo, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Celts, Charles Taze Russell, Chiang Kai-shek, Christie Hayes, Christmas, Christopher Anstey, Cleo Moore, Communist Party of Sweden, Comte de Caylus, Cornwall, Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, D.W. Griffith, Dale Evans, Dan Rather, Deidre Hall, Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles, Dharmsamrat Paramhans Swami Madhavananda, Dick Francis, Dominican Republic, Duarte of Portugal, Duncan Cameron, Dunga, Eberhard IV Ludwig, Duke of Württemberg, Eddie Charlton, Eddie Kaye Thomas, Egon Schiele, Egypt, EgyptAir Flight 990, Emperor, Enron, Ethel Waters, Eugene Meyer, Federico Fellini, Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria, Fernando I of Portugal, Flight 006, Fra Bartolommeo, France, Francesco Maria Veracini, Frank Iero, Frank Shorter, Fred McGriff, French, Fritz Walter, George Halas, German, Germany, Great Britain, Great Depression, Greg Moore, Gregorian Calendar, Halloween, Harry Houdini, Harry Potter, Helmut Newton, Ian Stevenson, Ian Walker, Iceland, Illinois Jacquet, India, Indian, Indira Gandhi, Invasion of the Waikato, Iraq, Iraq disarmament crisis, Irina Denezhkina, Italy, Jacob Abbott, Jane Pauley, Jean Cabannes, Jean Chrétien, Jeannie Longo, Johannes Vermeer, John "Beatz" Holohan, John Anthony Pople, John Bradshaw, John Candy, John Evelyn, John Houseman, John Keats, John VIII Palaeologus, Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification, Joseph Campbell, Joseph Papp, Joseph Stalin, Juliette Low, Karl Weierstraß, Kate Campbell, Kinky Friedman, Larry Mullen, Laura Bassi, Lee Grant, Leiden University Library, Lenin's Tomb, Leonardo Leo, Leonora of England, Linn Berggren, Lionel Poilâne, Louise Woodward, Lutheran Church, Lyndon B. Johnson, MCI, Mahathir bin Mohamad, Malaysia, Maori Wars, Marble Bar, Marco van Basten, Martin Luther, Mary Wimbush, Max Reinhardt, Mexican Empire, Michael Collins, Michael J. Anderson, Michael Landon, Mirabel International Airport, Montreal, Mount Rushmore, Multics, Muzzy Izzet, My Chemical Romance, Nantucket, Massachusetts, Neal Stephenson, Nevada, Nevada Day, New Delhi, New Mexico, New York City, New York Stock Exchange, New Zealand, Nobel Prize, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Norman Lovett, Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia, North Vietnam, November 1, October surprise, Otto Rank, Paganism, Paolo Mantegazza, Paris, Peter Jackson, Philippe de Vitry, Pierre Paul Puget, Pope Clement XIV, Poul Reichhardt, President George W. Bush, Prime Minister, Prime Minister of India, Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, Protestant Church, Protestant Reformation, R.C. Saints, Reformation Day, Richard Neustadt, Ring Lardner, Jr., River Phoenix, Rob Schneider, Robert S. Mulliken, Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, Rogers Stevens, Roman Catholic, Roman Catholic Church, Roman Emperor, Romulus Augustus, Ron Rifkin, Rosalind Cash, Roselawn, Indiana, Saints, Samhain, Samuel Alito, Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer, Shaun Bartlett, Sikh, Singapore Airlines, Sky Three, Soviet Union, St Urban, St. Antoninus, St. Arnulf, St. Quentin, St. Wolfgang, Stephen Rea, Suez Canal, Suez Crisis, Supreme Court of the United States, São Paulo, Brazil, TAM, Taipei, Taiwan, The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, The Musketeers of Pig Alley, Theo Epstein, Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald, Thomas Hill, Tom Paxton, U-boat, U.S. state, U2, USS Reuben James, Union, United Kingdom, United Nations, United States Army, United States Navy, Vanilla Ice, Victor Amadeus II of Savoy, Vietnam War, Wikipedia, Wikipedia:Tim Starling Day, Winfield Scott, Wladislaus III of Poland, World Series, World War I, World War II, appendix, au pair, copyright, cyclone, decimal, faith, feast day, gangrene, gangster, joke, leap years, moonrise, octal, peritonitis, photography, riots, salvation, treaty
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "October 31", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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