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Nuremberg Trials - The main trial | | Nuremberg Trials - The main trial: Encyclopedia II - Nuremberg Trials - The main trial | | | The International Military Tribunal was opened on October 18, 1945, in the Supreme Court Building in Berlin. The first session was presided over by the Soviet judge, Nikitchenko. The prosecution entered indictments against 24 major war criminals and six criminal organizations - the leadership of the Nazi party, the SS and SD, the Gestapo, the SA and the High Command of the German army (OKW). The indictments were for:
participation in a common plan or conspiracy for the accomplishment of crime against peace
planning, initiating and waging wars of aggression and other crime against peace
See also: Nuremberg Trials, Nuremberg Trials - Origin of the trials, Nuremberg Trials - Creation of the court, Nuremberg Trials - Location, Nuremberg Trials - Participants, Nuremberg Trials - The validity of the court, Nuremberg Trials - The main trial, Nuremberg Trials - Influence on the development of international criminal law, Nuremberg Trials - Endnotes, Nuremberg Trials - Notes | | | Nuremberg Trials, Nuremberg Trials - Creation of the court, Nuremberg Trials - Endnotes, Nuremberg Trials - Influence on the development of international criminal law, Nuremberg Trials - Location, Nuremberg Trials - Notes, Nuremberg Trials - Origin of the trials, Nuremberg Trials - Participants, Nuremberg Trials - The main trial, Nuremberg Trials - The validity of the court, Anton Dostler, Dachau International Military Tribunal, Frankfurt Auschwitz trials, IG Farben, International Military Tribunal for the Far East, Japanese war crimes, Judgment at Nuremberg (1961 film), Nuremberg Defense, Nuremberg Diary, Subsequent Nuremberg Trials for the trials before the NMT., War crime, War-responsibility trials in Finland | | |
| | | Nuremberg Trials: Encyclopedia II - Nuremberg Trials - The main trial
Nuremberg Trials - The main trial
The International Military Tribunal was opened on October 18, 1945, in the Supreme Court Building in Berlin. The first session was presided over by the Soviet judge, Nikitchenko. The prosecution entered indictments against 24 major war criminals and six criminal organizations - the leadership of the Nazi party, the SS and SD, the Gestapo, the SA and the High Command of the German army (OKW). The indictments were for:
- participation in a common plan or conspiracy for the accomplishment of crime against peace
- planning, initiating and waging wars of aggression and other crime against peace
- war crimes
- crimes against humanity
The 24 accused were:
"I" indicted "G" indicted and found guilty "º" Not Charged
"I" indicted "G" indicted and found guilty "º" Not Charged
Throughout the trials, specifically between January and July 1946, the defendants and a number of witnesses were interviewed by American psychiatrist Leon Goldensohn. His notes detailing the demeanor and personality of the defendants survive.
The death sentences were carried out by hanging. The French judges suggested the use of a firing squad for the military condemned, as is standard for military courts-martial, but this was opposed by Biddle and the Soviet judges. These argued that the military officers had violated their military ethos and were not worthy of the firing squad, which was considered to be more dignified. The incarcerated prisoners were held at Spandau Prison.
Streicher is reported to have shouted "Heil Hitler!" on the gallows.
The definition of what constitutes a war crime is described by the Nuremberg Principles, a document which was created as a result of the trial. The medical experiments conducted by German doctors led to the creation of the Nuremberg Code to control future trials involving human subjects, including the so-called Doctors' Trial.
Other related archives'London Charter', 1 October, 18 August, 1939, 1940, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1st October, 20th November, 9 September, Laconia incident, A. L. Goodhart, Alexander Volchkov, Allied Control Council, Anton Dostler, Articles lacking sources, August 8, Avalon Project, Berlin, Biscari massacre, Britain, Churchill, Cold War, Conquest, Robert, Dachau International Military Tribunal, David Maxwell-Fyfe, Doctors' Trial, Final Solution, France, Francis Biddle, Frankfurt Auschwitz trials, General, Geneva Convention, Geoffrey Lawrence, German, German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, Gestapo, Great Britain, Harry S. Truman, Hartley Shawcross, Heil Hitler, Henri Donnedieu de Vabres, Henry L. Stimson, Henry Morgenthau Jr., IG Farben, Instrument of Surrender of Germany, International Criminal Court, International Law Commission, International Military Tribunal for the Far East, International law, Iona Nikitchenko, Japanese war crimes, John Parker, John Wheeler-Bennett, Judgment at Nuremberg, Leon Goldensohn, Morgenthau Plan, Nazi, Nazis, Nazism, Nikitchenko, Norman Birkett, November 20, Nuremberg, Nuremberg Code, Nuremberg Defense, Nuremberg Diary, Nuremberg Military Tribunals, Nuremberg Palace of Justice, Nuremberg Principles, Nuremberg Trials, OKW, October 18, Otto Skorzeny, Oxford, Poland, Potsdam, Quebec Conference, R. A. Rudenko, Red Cross, Robert Falco, Robert H. Jackson, Roosevelt, SA, SD, SS, Secretary of War, September 1, Soviet Union, Spandau Prison, Stalin, Subsequent Nuremberg Trials, Tehran, Telford Taylor, The Genocide Convention, Treaty of Versailles, U.S., UK, USA, USSR, United Nations General Assembly, United States, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, War Department, War crime, War crimes, War-responsibility trials in Finland, World War II, Yale Law School, Yalta, aggression, citation needed, conspiracy, crime against peace, crimes against humanity, criminal organizations, ex post facto, governments in exile, hanging, indicted, international criminal law, modern democracy, party rallies, prisoners of war, rules of evidence, sector, show trial, show trials, the Holocaust, tu quoque, victor's justice, war crimes
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "The main trial", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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