Minimalist music: Encyclopedia II - Minimalist music - Minimalist composers

Minimalist music - Minimalist composers

Early minimalists include:

• David Behrman
• Gavin Bryars
• Cornelius Cardew
• Tony Conrad
• Jon Gibson
• Philip Glass
• Terry Jennings
• Petr Kotik (born in Czechoslovakia)
• Douglas Leedy
• Richard Maxfield
• Robert Moran
• Phill Niblock
• Pauline Oliveros
• Charlemagne Palestine
• Steve Reich
• Terry Riley
• Howard Skempton
• Yoshi Wada (born in Japan)
• La Monte Young

Other more current minimalists include:

• Australia
  • Nigel Westlake
• Belgium
  • Wim Mertens
• Czechoslovakia
  • Petr Kotik (based in the United States)
• Finland
  • Erkki Salmenhaara
• Germany
  • Peter Michael Hamel
  • Hauke Harder
  • Hans Otte
  • Ernstalbrecht Stiebler
  • Harald Weiss
  • Walter Zimmermann
• Hungary
  • Zoltán Jeney
  • László Melis
  • László Sáry
  • László Vidovszky
• Italy
  • Fulvio Caldini
  • Giovanni Sollima
• Japan
  • Jo Kondo
  • Yoshi Wada (based in the United States)
• Netherlands
  • Louis Andriessen
  • Simeon ten Holt
• Portugal
  • Ernesto Rodrigues
  • Telectu
• Serbia and Montenegro
  • Vladimir Tošić
• South Africa
  • Kevin Volans (based in Ireland)
• United Kingdom
  • Bob Dickinson
  • Orlando Gough
  • Steve Martland
  • Michael Nyman
  • Andrew Poppy
  • Daniel Patrick Quinn
• United States
  • John Adams
  • Glenn Branca
  • Harold Budd
  • Rhys Chatham (based in France)
  • Philip Corner (based in Italy)
  • DAC Crowell
  • Kurt Doles
  • Paul Dresher
  • Arnold Dreyblatt (based in Germany)
  • William Duckworth
  • Janice Giteck
  • Daniel Goode
  • Tom Johnson (based in France)
  • Elodie Lauten
  • Daniel Lentz
  • Ingram Marshall
  • Meredith Monk
  • Tim Risher
  • Mikel Rouse
  • Frederic Rzewski
  • Stephen Scott
  • Wayne Siegel (based in Denmark)
  • Carl Stone
  • Morton Subotnick

A number of composers showing a distinctly religious influence have been labeled the "mystic minimalists":

• Henryk Górecki
• Hans Otte
• Arvo Pärt
• John Tavener

Other composers whose works have been described as precedents to minimalism include:

• Jakob van Domselaer, whose early-20th century experiments in translating the theories of Piet Mondrian's De Stijl movement into music represent an early precedent to minimalist music.
• Alexander Mosolov, whose orchestral composition Iron Foundry (1923) is made up of mechanical and repetitive patterns
• George Antheil, whose 1924 Ballet Mecanique is characterized by much use of motoric and repetitive patterns, as well as an instrumentation made up of multiple player pianos and mallet percussion
• Erik Satie, seen as a precursor of minimalism as in much of his music, for example his score for Francis Picabia's 1924 film Entr'acte which consists of phrases, many borrowed from bawdy popular songs, ordered seemingly arbitrarily and repetitiously, providing a rhythmic counterpoint to the film.
• Colin McPhee, whose Tabuh-Tabuhan for two pianos and orchestra (1936) features the use of motoric, repetitive, pentatonic patterns drawn from the music of Bali (and featuring a large section of tuned percussion)
• Carl Orff, who, particularly in his later theater works Antigone (1940-49) and Oedipus der Tyrann (1957-58), utilized instrumentations (six pianos and multiple xylophones, in imitation of gamelan music) and musical patterns (motoric, repetitive, triadic) reminiscent of the later music of Steve Reich and Philip Glass
• Yves Klein, whose 1947 Monotone Symphony consisted of a single sustained chord, predating similar works by La Monte Young by several years.
• Morton Feldman, whose works prominently feature some sort of repetition as well as a sparseness
• Alvin Lucier, whose acoustical experiments demand a stripped-down musical surface to bring out details in the phenomena

Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Minimalist composers", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki