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Maya civilization - Decline of the Maya | | Maya civilization - Decline of the Maya: Encyclopedia II - Maya civilization - Decline of the Maya | | In the 8th and 9th centuries CE Classic Maya culture went into decline, with most of the cities of the central lowlands abandoned. Warfare, ecological depletion of croplands, and drought or some combination of those factors are usually suggested as reasons for the decline. There is archaeological evidence of warfare, famine, and revolt against the elite at various central lowlands sites. However, there i ...
See also:Maya civilization, Maya civilization - Origins, Maya civilization - Art, Maya civilization - Architecture, Maya civilization - Urban design, Maya civilization - Building materials, Maya civilization - Building process, Maya civilization - Notable constructions, Maya civilization - Writing and literacy, Maya civilization - Writing system, Maya civilization - Writing tools, Maya civilization - Scribes, Maya civilization - Literacy, Maya civilization - Mathematics, Maya civilization - Religion, Maya civilization - Agriculture, Maya civilization - Decline of the Maya, Maya civilization - Rediscovery of the Pre-Columbian Maya, Maya civilization - List of Maya sites, Maya civilization - Most important sites, Maya civilization - Other important Maya sites, Maya civilization - Reference | | | Maya civilization, Maya civilization - Agriculture, Maya civilization - Architecture, Maya civilization - Art, Maya civilization - Building materials, Maya civilization - Building process, Maya civilization - Decline of the Maya, Maya civilization - List of Maya sites, Maya civilization - Literacy, Maya civilization - Mathematics, Maya civilization - Most important sites, Maya civilization - Notable constructions, Maya civilization - Origins, Maya civilization - Other important Maya sites, Maya civilization - Rediscovery of the Pre-Columbian Maya, Maya civilization - Reference, Maya civilization - Religion, Maya civilization - Scribes, Maya civilization - Urban design, Maya civilization - Writing and literacy, Maya civilization - Writing system, Maya civilization - Writing tools, Maya mythology, Maya calendar, Maya language, Pre-Columbian Maya dance, Vision Serpent, The jaguar in Mesoamerican culture | | |
| | | Maya civilization: Encyclopedia II - Maya civilization - Decline of the Maya
Maya civilization - Decline of the Maya
In the 8th and 9th centuries CE Classic Maya culture went into decline, with most of the cities of the central lowlands abandoned. Warfare, ecological depletion of croplands, and drought or some combination of those factors are usually suggested as reasons for the decline. There is archaeological evidence of warfare, famine, and revolt against the elite at various central lowlands sites. However, there is no single cause universally accepted for their decline.
The Maya cities of the northern lowlands in Yucatan continued to flourish for centuries more; some of the important sites in this era were Chichen Itza, Uxmal, Edzná, and Coba. After the decline of the ruling dynasties of Chichen and Uxmal, Mayapan ruled all of Yucatan until a revolt in 1450; the area then devolved to city states until the Spanish Conquest.
The Itza Maya, Kowoj and Yalain groups of Central Peten survived the "Classic Period Collapse" in small numbers and by 1250 CE reconstituted themselves to form competing polities. The Itza kingdom had its capital at Noj Peten, an archaeological site thought to underlay modern day Flores, Guatemala. It ruled over a polity extending across the Peten Lakes region, encompassing the community of Eckixil on Lake Quexil. These sites and this region were inhabited continuously by independent Maya until after the final Spanish Conquest of 1697 CE.
Post-Classic Maya states also continued to thrive in the southern highlands. One of the Maya kingdoms in this area, the Quiché, is responsible for the best-known Maya work of historiography and mythology, the Popol Vuh.
The Spanish started their conquest of the Maya lands in the 1520s. Some Maya states offered long fierce resistance; the last Maya state, the Itza kingdom, was not subdued by Spanish authorities until 1697.
Other related archives12th century, 1450, 1520s, 1697, 1839, 1950s, 1970s, 19th, 200, 2006, 20th century, 357, 8th, 900, 9th, Altun Ha, Ancient Egyptian, Archaeological, Aztec, Becan, Belize, Bishop Diego de Landa, Bonampak, Caracol, Category:Maya sites, Chiapas highlands, Chichen Itza, Chinkultic, Christian, Cival, Classic Era, Coba, Comalcalco, Copán, Dos Pilas, Edzná, El Mirador, El Perú, Frederick Catherwood, Good, Greek, Greek gods, Gregorian Calendar, Gregorian calendar, Guatemala, Gumarcaj, Inca, Izamal, Jaina, January 5, John Lloyd Stephens, Jolja Cave, Joya de Cerén, Julian calendar, Kabah, Kalakmul, Kaminaljuyu, Kukulcan, Labná, Lamanai, Louisville, Belize, Lubaantun, Maya Long Count Calendar, Maya calendar, Maya calendars, Maya ceramics, Maya civilization, Maya codices, Maya hieroglyphics, Maya language, Maya mythology, Maya numerals, Maya peoples, Mayapan, Mesoamerica, Mesoamerican, Mesoamerican ball game, Mesoamerican ballgame, Mexico, Mixco Viejo, Moon, Naranjo, National Geographic, Nim Li Punit, Obsidian use in Mesoamerica, Olmec, Palenque, Piedras Negras, Popol Vuh, Pre-Columbian Maya dance, Quiché, Quirigua, Rio Bec, Roman, Sayil, Seibal, Spanish Conquest, Takalik Abaj, Teotihuacan, Terminal Pre-classic, The jaguar in Mesoamerican culture, Tikal, Tonina, Tuluum, Uaxactun, Underworld, Usumacinta, Utatlan, Uxmal, Venus, Vision Serpent, Waka, Xunantunich, Yale University, Yaxchilan, Yo'okop, Yucatan, Zaculeu, Zapotec, adobe, art, astronomical, ball-courts, base 20, book, bricks, burial mounds, cacao, cardinal directions, caves, ceiba, cenotes, city-states, codex, constellations, cosmos, cycles, decipherment, drought, epigrapher, equinoxes, evil, funerary, genealogy, glyphs, haab', hell, hieroglyphics, historiography, ink, limestone, lintel, lintels, logograms, lunation, maize, monuments, moon, murals, mythology, numbers, obsidian, painting, phonetic, planets, post and lintel, pottery, priests, putrefaction, pyramids, quills, religious, sacbeob, salt, season, shaman, slash and burn, solar year, solstices, statuary, stelae, stucco, swastika, sweatbath, syllabic, synodic period, temples, torture, tzolk'in, tzompantli, underworld, war, wheel, writing system, zero
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Decline of the Maya", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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