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Indigenous peoples - Characteristics of indigenous peoples: overview | | Indigenous peoples - Characteristics of indigenous peoples: overview: Encyclopedia II - Indigenous peoples - Characteristics of indigenous peoples: overview | |
Indigenous peoples - Population and distribution.
Indigenous societies range from those who have been significantly exposed to the colonizing or expansionary activities of other societies (example: the Maya peoples of Mesoamerica) through to those who as yet remain in comparative isolation from any external influence (example: the Sentinelese and Jarawa of the Andaman Islands).
Precise estimates for the total population of the world's indigenous peoples are very difficult to compile, given the difficulties ...
See also:Indigenous peoples, Indigenous peoples - Characteristics of indigenous peoples: overview, Indigenous peoples - Population and distribution, Indigenous peoples - Common characteristics, Indigenous peoples - Common concerns, Indigenous peoples - Definitions, Indigenous peoples - Historical indigenous cultures, Indigenous peoples - Classical antiquity, Indigenous peoples - European expansion and colonialism, Indigenous peoples - Contemporary distribution and survey, Indigenous peoples - Africa, Indigenous peoples - the Americas, Indigenous peoples - Asia, Indigenous peoples - Europe, Indigenous peoples - Oceania, Indigenous peoples - Viewpoints on indigenous societies, Indigenous peoples - Indigenous viewpoints, Indigenous peoples - Non-indigenous viewpoints, Indigenous peoples - Indigenous rights issues and concerns, Indigenous peoples - Indigenous knowledge and culture, Indigenous peoples - Representation, Indigenous peoples - United Nations, Indigenous peoples - Other accredited organizations, Indigenous peoples - List of indigenous peoples | | | Indigenous peoples, Indigenous peoples - Africa, Indigenous peoples - Asia, Indigenous peoples - Characteristics of indigenous peoples: overview, Indigenous peoples - Classical antiquity, Indigenous peoples - Common characteristics, Indigenous peoples - Common concerns, Indigenous peoples - Contemporary distribution and survey, Indigenous peoples - Definitions, Indigenous peoples - Europe, Indigenous peoples - European expansion and colonialism, Indigenous peoples - Historical indigenous cultures, Indigenous peoples - Indigenous knowledge and culture, Indigenous peoples - Indigenous rights issues and concerns, Indigenous peoples - Indigenous viewpoints, Indigenous peoples - List of indigenous peoples, Indigenous peoples - Non-indigenous viewpoints, Indigenous peoples - Oceania, Indigenous peoples - Other accredited organizations, Indigenous peoples - Population and distribution, Indigenous peoples - Representation, Indigenous peoples - United Nations, Indigenous peoples - Viewpoints on indigenous societies, Indigenous peoples - the Americas | | |
| | | Indigenous peoples: Encyclopedia II - Indigenous peoples - Characteristics of indigenous peoples: overview
Indigenous peoples - Characteristics of indigenous peoples: overview
Indigenous peoples - Population and distribution
Indigenous societies range from those who have been significantly exposed to the colonizing or expansionary activities of other societies (example: the Maya peoples of Mesoamerica) through to those who as yet remain in comparative isolation from any external influence (example: the Sentinelese and Jarawa of the Andaman Islands).
Precise estimates for the total population of the world's indigenous peoples are very difficult to compile, given the difficulties in identification and the variances and inadequacies of available census data. Recent source estimates range from 300 million[1] to 350 million[2] as of the start of the 21st century. This would equate to just under 6% of the total world population. This includes at least 5000 distinct peoples[3] in over 72 countries.
Contemporary distinct indigenous groups survive in populations ranging from only a few dozen to hundreds of thousands or more. Many indigenous populations have undergone a dramatic decline and even extinction, and remain threatened in many parts of the world. In other cases, indigenous populations are undergoing a recovery or expansion in numbers.
Certain indigenous societies persist even though they may no longer inhabit their "traditional" lands, owing to migration, relocation, forced resettlement or having been supplanted by other cultural groups.
Indigenous peoples - Common characteristics
Characteristics common across many indigenous groups include present or historical reliance upon subsistence-based production (based on pastoral, agricultural and/or hunting and gathering techniques), and a predominantly non-urbanized society. Indigenous societies may be either essentially settled in a given location or exhibit a nomadic lifestyle across a large territory. Indigenous societies are found in every inhabited climate zone and continent.
Indigenous peoples - Common concerns
Indigenous peoples confront a diverse range of issues and concerns associated with their status and interaction with other cultural groups, and changes in their inhabited environment. These challenges may be either specific to particular groups, or are commonly experienced by many such groups.
These issues include cultural and linguistic preservation, land rights, ownership and exploitation of natural resources, political determination and autonomy, environmental degradation and incursion, poverty, health, and discrimination.
The interaction between indigenous and non-indigenous societies throughout history has been a complex one, ranging from outright conflict and subjugation to some degree of mutual benefit and cultural transfer. A particular aspect of anthropological study involves investigation into the ramifications of what is termed first contact, the study of what occurs when two cultures first encounter one another. The situation can be further confused when there is a complicated or contested history of migration and population of a given region, which can give rise to disputes about primacy and ownership of the land and resources.
Other related archivesfirst contact, Aboriginal Australians, Aboriginal peoples in Canada, Adivasis, Aegean Sea, Africa, African, African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (ACHPR), African Union (AU), Amazon rainforests, Americas, Andaman Islands, Arctic, Asia, Australia, Australian, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bushmen, Canada, Category:Indigenous peoples of Africa, Category:Indigenous peoples of Asia, Category:Indigenous peoples of Europe, Category:Indigenous peoples of Oceania, Category:Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Chamorros, Chiapas, Classical, Constitution Act, 1982, Danish, EZLN, Easter Island, Eurasian, European, European colonization of the Americas, First Nations, GRAIN, Greenland, Guam, Guatemala, Hellenic, Herodotus, Hesiod, Homer, India, Indigenous Australians, Indigenous Dialogues, Indigenous peoples of Africa, Indigenous peoples of Asia, Indigenous peoples of Europe, Indigenous peoples of Oceania, Indigenous peoples of the Americas, International Labour Organization, Inuit, Iwi, Jarawa, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Kalahari, Komi, Komi peoples, Latin American, List of indigenous peoples, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Maya peoples, Melanesian, Mesoamerica, Mexico, Micronesian, Métis, Māori, Native American, Native Americans, Nenets, New Zealand, Northern Marianas, Nunavut, Oaxaca, Oceania, Organisation of African Unity (OAU), Pacific, Pacific Island, Papua New Guinea (PNG), Pelasgians, Peru, Polynesian, Pre-Columbian, Pygmy, Russian Federation, Sahara, Sahel, Sakha, Sami people, Samoyedic peoples, San, Scandinavia, Scheduled Tribes, Sentinelese, Siberia, South Africa, Survival International, Thomas Hobbes, Tierra del Fuego, Torres Strait Islanders, Traditional knowledge, Tuareg, United Nations, United States, Urals, Working Group on Indigenous Populations, World Bank, Zimbabwe, Zulu, agricultural, anthropological study, archaeological, barbarians, barbaric, biological resources, biopiracy, civilization, civilize, civilized, colonialism, colonization, continent, cultural, cultural diversity, cultural evolution, cultures, deforestation, discrimination, discriminatory, diseases, elephants, environmental, epidemic, ethnic minorities, exploratory, extinct, first nations, health, human history, human migration, hunter-gatherer, hunting and gathering, indigenous knowledge, knowledge, land rights, leprosy, linguistic, malaria, measles, megafauna, migration, mythological, nation-state, natural resources, noble savages, nomadic, pastoral, pastoralist, patent, pejorative, population decline, poverty, rights, smallpox, social / organizational, stereotype, subsistence-based, the American, tribe, urbanized, world population
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Characteristics of indigenous peoples: overview", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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