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India - Government | | India - Government: Encyclopedia II - India - Government | | India is a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic. India has a quasi-federal form of government and a bicameral parliament operating under a Westminster-style parliamentary system. It has a three-branch system of governance consisting of the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary.
The President is the head of state, and has a largely ceremonial role, including interpreting the constitution, signing laws into action and issuing pardons. He is also the Commander-in-Chief of India's armed forces. The President and the Vice Pres ...
See also:India, India - History, India - Government, India - Politics, India - States and union territories, India - Geography, India - Economy, India - Demographics, India - Culture, India - Sports and games, India - Holidays, India - Notes | | | India, India - Culture, India - Demographics, India - Economy, India - Geography, India - Government, India - History, India - Holidays, India - Notes, India - Politics, India - Sports and games, India - States and union territories, Offical Indian Government Portal, GOI Directory — Directory of governmental websites, Indiaimage National Informatics Centre — Basic Portal to Govt. of India Websites | | |
| | | India: Encyclopedia II - India - Government
India - Government
Main article: Government of India
India is a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic. India has a quasi-federal form of government and a bicameral parliament operating under a Westminster-style parliamentary system. It has a three-branch system of governance consisting of the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary.
The President is the head of state, and has a largely ceremonial role, including interpreting the constitution, signing laws into action and issuing pardons. He is also the Commander-in-Chief of India's armed forces. The President and the Vice President are elected indirectly by an electoral college for five-year terms. The Prime Minister is the head of government, and has most executive powers. He or she is elected by legislators of the political party or coalition commanding a parliamentary majority, and serves a five-year term, with re-election. The constitution does not explicitly provide for a post of Deputy Prime Minister, but this option has been exercised from time to time.
The legislature of India is the bicameral Parliament, which consists of the upper house known as the Rajya Sabha (Council of States), and the lower house known as the Lok Sabha (House of the People). The 245-member Rajya Sabha is chosen indirectly through an electoral college, and has a staggered six-year term. The 545-member Lok Sabha is directly elected by a popular vote for a five-year term, and is the determinative constituent of political power and government formation. All Indian citizens above age 18 are eligible to vote.
The executive arm consists of the President, Vice-President and the Council of Ministers (the Cabinet), headed by the Prime Minister. Any minister holding a portfolio must be a member of either house of parliament. In India's parliamentary system, the executive is subordinate to the legislature.
India's independent judiciary consists of the Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of India. The Supreme Court has both original jurisdiction over disputes between states and the Centre, and appellate jurisdiction over the High Courts of India. There are 18 appellate High Courts, having jurisdiction over a large state, or a group of smaller states. Each of these states has a tiered system of lower courts. A conflict between the legislature and the judiciary is referred to the President.
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 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Government", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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