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Genus | | Genus: Encyclopedia - Genus | | | In biology, a genus (plural genera) is a grouping in the classification of living organisms having one or more related and morphologically similar species. In the common binomial nomenclature, the name of an organism is composed of two parts: its genus (always capitalized) and a species modifier. An example is Homo sapiens, the name for the human species which belongs to the genus Homo. See scientific cla ...
| | | Genus, Linnaean taxonomy, Cladistics | | |
| | | Genus: Encyclopedia - Genus
Genus
In biology, a genus (plural genera) is a grouping in the classification of living organisms having one or more related and morphologically similar species. In the common binomial nomenclature, the name of an organism is composed of two parts: its genus (always capitalized) and a species modifier. An example is Homo sapiens, the name for the human species which belongs to the genus Homo. See scientific classification for more details of this system.
The type genus of a taxon is usually the first genus to be named and described. Families, and in plants all taxa up to division, are named after the type genus. The genus and these higher taxa are typified by a specimen that shows the characteristics of the genus. The specimen used to describe this species is preserved as the holotype and designated as a generitype in a zoological museum or a herbarium to be available for further study.
A generic name in one kingdom is allowed to bear the same name as a genus or other taxon name in another kingdom (though this is discouraged by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature). For instance, Anura is a genus of plants in the family Asteraceae and the order of frogs; Aotus is the genus of golden peas and night monkeys; Oenanthe is the genus of wheatears and water dropworts, and Prunella is the genus of accentors and self-heal. It is, however, not allowed for two genera within the same kingdom to have the same name. This explains why the platypus genus is Ornithorhynchus — although the name Platypus was chosen by George Shaw in 1799, that name had already been given to the ambrosia beetle by Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Herbst in 1793. Since beetles and platypuses are both member of the kingdom Animalia, the name Platypus could not be used for both. Johann Friedrich Blumenbach published the replacement name Ornithorhynchus in 1800.
See also
- Linnaean taxonomy
- Cladistics
Categories: Scientific classification | Botanical nomenclature | Zoological nomenclature
Other related archives1793, 1799, 1800, Animalia, Anura, Aotus, Asteraceae, Botanical nomenclature, Cladistics, Families, George Shaw, Homo, International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Herbst, Linnaean taxonomy, Oenanthe, Prunella, Scientific classification, Zoological nomenclature, accentors, ambrosia beetle, binomial nomenclature, biology, division, frogs, golden peas, herbarium, holotype, human species, kingdom, morphologically, night monkeys, plants, platypus, scientific classification, self-heal, species, taxon, type genus, water dropworts, wheatears
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Genus", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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