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City - Global cities | | City - Global cities: Encyclopedia II - City - Global cities | | A global city, also known as a world city, is a prominent centre of trade, banking, finance, innovations, and markets. The term "global city", as opposed to megacity, was coined by Saskia Sassen in a seminal 1991 work. Whereas "megacity" refers to any city of enormous size, a global city is one of enormous power or influence. Global cities, according to Sassen, have more in common with each other than with other cities in their host nations. Bangkok, Beijing, Brussels, Chicago, Hong Kong, Johannesburg, Kolkata, London, Madrid, Moscow, ...
See also:City, City - Introduction, City - The difference between towns and cities, City - Geography, City - History of cities, City - Modern conceptions, City - Traditional approach, City - Shortcomings, City - Modern approach, City - Global cities, City - Environmental effects, City - Inner city, City - Lists, City - Miscellaneous | | | City, City - Environmental effects, City - Geography, City - Global cities, City - History of cities, City - Inner city, City - Introduction, City - Lists, City - Miscellaneous, City - Modern approach, City - Modern conceptions, City - Shortcomings, City - The difference between towns and cities, City - Traditional approach, List of cities by country, List of cities by latitude, List of metropolitan areas by population, Thirty most populous cities in the world, List of city nicknames, List of fictional cities | | |
| | | City: Encyclopedia II - City - Global cities
City - Global cities
A global city, also known as a world city, is a prominent centre of trade, banking, finance, innovations, and markets. The term "global city", as opposed to megacity, was coined by Saskia Sassen in a seminal 1991 work. Whereas "megacity" refers to any city of enormous size, a global city is one of enormous power or influence. Global cities, according to Sassen, have more in common with each other than with other cities in their host nations. Bangkok, Beijing, Brussels, Chicago, Hong Kong, Johannesburg, Kolkata, London, Madrid, Moscow, Mumbai, New Delhi, New York, Los Angeles, Paris, San Francisco, São Paulo, Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore, Sydney, Tokyo, and Toronto are commonly referred to as global cities, however, the term is also applied to other cities.
The notion of global cities is rooted in the concentration of power and capabilities within all cities. The city is seen as a container where skills and resources are concentrated: the better able a city is to concentrate its skills and resources, the more successful and powerful the city. This makes the city itself more powerful in terms that it can influence what is happening around the world. Following this view of cities, it is possible to rank the world's cities hierarchically (John Friedmann and Goetz Wolff, "World City Formation: An Agenda for Research and Action," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 6, no. 3 (1982): 319).
Critics of the notion point to the different realms of power. The term global city is heavily influenced by economic factors and, thus, may not account for locales that are otherwise significant. For example, cities like Rome and Mecca are powerful in religious and historical terms. Additionally, it has been questioned whether the city itself can be regarded as an actor.
In 1995, Kanter argued that successful cities can be identified by three elements. To be successful, a city needs to have good thinkers (concepts), good makers (competence) or good traders (connections). The interplay of these three elements, Kanter argued, means that good cities are not planned but managed.
Other related archives1500, 1613, 1618, 16th century, 1700, 18th century, 1900, 1995, 2004, Africa, Alexandria, America, American English, Amsterdam, Asia, Athens, Atlantic, Australia, Baghdad, Baltic Sea, Bangkok, Beijing, Brussels, Burning Man, Chicago, China, Chinese, City status in Sweden, City status in the United Kingdom, Constantinople, Continental Europe, County, Cultural Capital of Europe, Derry, Dutch, English speaking world, European, Freedom Ship, Garbage, Genoa, Gisborne, Graz, Great Depression, Greek, Haarlem, Holy Roman Empire, Hong Kong, Immigration, Independent city, Indian, Indus Valley Civilization, Industrial Revolution, Inner city, Istanbul, Jericho, Johannesburg, Kolkata, Kyoto, Lakes, Latin America, Lewis Mumford, List of cities by country, List of cities by latitude, List of city nicknames, List of fictional cities, List of metropolitan areas by population, London, Los Angeles, Low Countries, Lübeck, Madrid, Mecca, Mediterranean, Megacity, Mehrgarh, Mesopotamia, Middle Ages, Moscow, Mumbai, New Delhi, New Urbanism, New York, New Zealand, Nile, Paris, Perth, Peru, Postal code, Preston, Priene, Rome, Sakai, San Francisco, Saskia Sassen, Seoul, Shanghai, SimCity, Singapore, Spanish, St. David's, Stockholm, Sydney, São Paulo, Tenochtitlán, The City, Thirty most populous cities in the world, Tokyo, Toronto, United Kingdom, United States, Ur, Venice, Venice Biennale of architecture, Ville, Wales, Water transports, Westwood Village, administrative functions, agglomeration, air pollution, ancient Rome, areas, aristocrat, banking, benign neglect, business, capital, cathedral, certain privileges, citadels, cities were hard hit by unemployment, city centre, city footprint, city footprinting, city rhythms, city rights, city-states, civilizations, colonizers, connections, conurbation, core, court, downtown, economic, empires, festival, finance, gentrification, geographical, ghetto, global city, grid, hamlet, harbour, historical, histories, housing, human geography, industrial, industry, infrastructure, internal combustion engines, legal status, letters patent, linear approach, markets, mass transit, medieval, metropolitan area, microclimates, migrants from rural communities, municipal government, networks, oceans, physical, planned city, poleis, population density, post-structuralist thinking, power, public transport, rank the world's cities hierarchically, religious, residential, river, rivers, road transport, roads, rural, settlements, sewage, size, slave, social divisions, streets, suburban, subway, sunlight, time immemorial, tornadoes, tourists, town, town halls, town walls, trade, university, urban area, urban geography, urban planning, urbanization, village, Çatalhöyük
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Global cities", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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