Call and response: Encyclopedia - Call and response

Call and response is a form of "spontaneous verbal and non-verbal interaction between speaker and listener in which all of the statements ('calls') are punctuated by expressions ('responses') from the listener", as stated by Smitherman [1]. In West African cultures, call and response is a pervasive pattern of democratic participation -- in public gatherings, in the discussion of civic affairs, in religious rituals, as well as in vocal and instrumental musical expression (see call and response (music)). It is this tradition that

Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Call and response", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki