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Athlon 64 - Features | | Athlon 64 - Features: Encyclopedia II - Athlon 64 - Features | | The Athlon 64 features an on-die memory controller, a feature not previously seen on x86 CPUs. Not only does this mean the controller runs at the same clock rate as the CPU itself, it also means the electrical signals have a shorter physical distance to travel compared to the old northbridge interfaces. The result is a significant reduction in latency (response time) for access requests to main memory.
Translation Look-Aside Buffers (TLBs) have also been enlarged, with reduced latencies and improved branch prediction, with four times ...
See also:Athlon 64, Athlon 64 - Features, Athlon 64 - Sockets, Athlon 64 - Athlon 64 FX models, Athlon 64 - Sledgehammer 130 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - Clawhammer 130 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - San Diego 90 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - Toledo 90 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - Athlon 64 models, Athlon 64 - Clawhammer 130 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - Newcastle 130 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - Winchester 90 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - Venice 90 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - San Diego 90 nm SOI | | | Athlon 64, Athlon 64 - Athlon 64 FX models, Athlon 64 - Athlon 64 models, Athlon 64 - Clawhammer 130 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - Features, Athlon 64 - Newcastle 130 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - San Diego 90 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - Sledgehammer 130 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - Sockets, Athlon 64 - Toledo 90 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - Venice 90 nm SOI, Athlon 64 - Winchester 90 nm SOI, List of AMD Athlon 64 microprocessors | | |
| | | Athlon 64: Encyclopedia II - Athlon 64 - Features
Athlon 64 - Features
The Athlon 64 features an on-die memory controller, a feature not previously seen on x86 CPUs. Not only does this mean the controller runs at the same clock rate as the CPU itself, it also means the electrical signals have a shorter physical distance to travel compared to the old northbridge interfaces. The result is a significant reduction in latency (response time) for access requests to main memory.
Translation Look-Aside Buffers (TLBs) have also been enlarged, with reduced latencies and improved branch prediction, with four times the number of bimodal counters in the global history counter. This and other architectural enhancements, especially as regards SSE implementation, improve instruction per cycle (IPC) performance over the previous Athlon XP generation. To make this easier for consumers to understand, AMD has chosen to market the Athlon 64 using a PR rating system, where the numbers roughly map to Pentium 4 performance equivalents, rather than actual clock speed.
Athlon 64 also features CPU speed throttling technology branded Cool'n'Quiet. When the user is running undemanding applications and the load on the processor is light, the processor's clock speed and voltage are reduced. This in turn reduces its peak power consumption (max TDP set at 89 W by AMD) to as low as 32 W (stepping C0, clock speed reduced to 800 MHz) or 22W (stepping CG, clock speed reduced to 1 GHz).
The No Execute bit (NX bit) supported by Windows XP Service Pack 2, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, Windows Server 2003 x64 Edition, and Linux 2.6.8 and higher is also included, for improved protection from malicious buffer overflow security threats. Hardware set permission levels make it much more difficult for malicious code to take control of the system. It is intended to make 64-bit computing a more secure environment.
The Athlon 64 CPUs have been produced with 130 nm and 90 nm SOI process technologies. All of the latest chips (Winchester, Venice and San Diego models) are on 90nm. The Venice and San Diego models also incorporate strained silicon technology co-developed with IBM.
Other related archives16 bit, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 3DNow!, 64-bit, 754, 939, 940, AMD, AMD64, April 15, April 4, Athlon 64 X2, CPU, Cool'n'Quiet, DDR2 SDRAM, Dual-channel, HyperTransport, IPC, January 10, June 1, Linux, List of AMD Athlon 64 microprocessors, MMX, NX Bit, NX Bit (only CG), No Execute bit (NX bit), Opteron, PR rating, SOI, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, Sempron, Semprons, September 23, Socket 754, Socket 939, Socket 940, Socket A, Socket AM2, Socket F, TDP, Windows XP, code, microprocessor, northbridge, stepping, x86
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Features", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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