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Ancient history - The study of ancient history | | Ancient history - The study of ancient history: Encyclopedia II - Ancient history - The study of ancient history | | The fundamental difficulty of studying ancient history is the fact that only a fraction of it has been documented, and only a fraction of those recorded histories have survived into the present day. Literacy was not widespread in any culture until long after the end of ancient history, so there were few people capable of writing histories. Even those written histories which were produced were not widely distributed; the ancients, not having the luxury of a printing press had to make copies of books by hand. The Roman Empire was one of the an ...
See also:Ancient history, Ancient history - The study of ancient history, Ancient history - Archaeology, Ancient history - Primary sources, Ancient history - Chronology, Ancient history - Prehistory, Ancient history - Important events, Ancient history - End of ancient history in Europe, Ancient history - Some prominent civilizations of ancient history, Ancient history - Europe and the Mediterranean, Ancient history - East Asia, Ancient history - Central and Southwest Asia, Ancient history - Saharan and Sub-Saharan Africa, Ancient history - The Americas, Ancient history - References and further reading | | | Ancient history, Ancient history - Archaeology, Ancient history - Central and Southwest Asia, Ancient history - Chronology, Ancient history - East Asia, Ancient history - End of ancient history in Europe, Ancient history - Europe and the Mediterranean, Ancient history - Important events, Ancient history - Prehistory, Ancient history - Primary sources, Ancient history - References and further reading, Ancient history - Saharan and Sub-Saharan Africa, Ancient history - Some prominent civilizations of ancient history, Ancient history - The Americas, Ancient history - The study of ancient history, Ancient music and Timeline of trends in music to 1899, Ancient philosophy, Ancient warfare, Classical Antiquity, Human evolution, Historiography | | |
| | | Ancient history: Encyclopedia II - Ancient history - The study of ancient history
Ancient history - The study of ancient history
The fundamental difficulty of studying ancient history is the fact that only a fraction of it has been documented, and only a fraction of those recorded histories have survived into the present day. Literacy was not widespread in any culture until long after the end of ancient history, so there were few people capable of writing histories. Even those written histories which were produced were not widely distributed; the ancients, not having the luxury of a printing press had to make copies of books by hand. The Roman Empire was one of the ancient West's most literate cultures, but many works by its most widely read historians are lost. For example, Livy, a Roman historian who lived in the 1st century BC, wrote a history of Rome called Ab Urbe Condite ("From the Founding of the City") in 142 volumes. Only 35 still survive. Historians have two major avenues which they take to better understand the ancient world: archaeology and the study of primary sources.
Ancient history - Archaeology
Main article: Archaeology
Archaeology is the study of past human civilizations by finding and interpreting human artefacts. In the study of ancient history, archaeologists excavate the ruins of ancient cities looking for clues as to how the people of the time period lived.
Some important discoveries by archaeologists studying ancient history include:
- The Egyptian pyramids - giant tombs built by the Ancient Egyptians beginning around 2600 BC as the final resting places of their royalty
- The city of Pompeii - an Ancient Roman city that was preserved by the eruption of a volcano in 79 AD; its state of preservation is so great that it is an invaluable window into Roman culture
- The Terracotta Army - the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor in Ancient China
Ancient history - Primary sources
Perhaps most of what is known of the ancient world comes from the accounts of antiquity's own historians. Although it is important to take into account the bias of each ancient author, their firsthand (or primary) accounts are the basis for our understanding of the ancient past.
Some of the more notable ancient writers include:
- Herodotus
- Josephus
- Livy
- Polybius
- Suetonius
- Tacitus
- Thucydides
- Sima Qian
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 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "The study of ancient history", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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