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Alum - Types of alum | | Alum - Types of alum: Encyclopedia II - Alum - Types of alum | |
Alum - Potash alum.
Potash alum, K2SO4·Al2(SO4)3·24H2O, crystallizes in regular octahedra and is very soluble in water. The solution reddens litmus and is an astringent. When heated to nearly a red heat it gives a porous, friable mass which is known as "burnt alum." It fuses at 92 °C in its own water of crystallization. "Neutral alum" is obtained by the addition of as much sodium carbonate to a solution of alum as will begin to cause the separat ...
See also:Alum, Alum - Alchemical and later discoveries and uses, Alum - Pliny's writings, Alum - Alum from alunite, Alum - Alum from clays or bauxite, Alum - Types of alum, Alum - Potash alum, Alum - Soda alum, Alum - Chrome alum, Alum - Ammonium alum, Alum - Alum solubility, Alum - Uses | | | Alum, Alum - Alchemical and later discoveries and uses, Alum - Alum from alunite, Alum - Alum from clays or bauxite, Alum - Alum solubility, Alum - Ammonium alum, Alum - Chrome alum, Alum - Pliny's writings, Alum - Potash alum, Alum - Soda alum, Alum - Types of alum, Alum - Uses, List of minerals | | |
| | | Alum: Encyclopedia II - Alum - Types of alum
Alum - Types of alum
Alum - Potash alum
Potash alum, K2SO4·Al2(SO4)3·24H2O, crystallizes in regular octahedra and is very soluble in water. The solution reddens litmus and is an astringent. When heated to nearly a red heat it gives a porous, friable mass which is known as "burnt alum." It fuses at 92 °C in its own water of crystallization. "Neutral alum" is obtained by the addition of as much sodium carbonate to a solution of alum as will begin to cause the separation of alumina; it is much used in mordanting. Alum finds application as a mordant, in the preparation of lakes for sizing hand-made paper and in the clarifying of turbid liquids. See the mineral alunite.
Alum - Soda alum
Sodium alum, Na2SO4·Al2(SO4)3·24H2O, occurs in nature as the mineral mendozite. It is very soluble in water, and is extremely difficult to purify. In the preparation of this salt, it is preferable to mix the component solutions in the cold, and to evaporate them at a temperature not exceeding 60 °C. 100 parts of water dissolve 110 parts of sodium alum at 0 °C, and 51 parts at 16 °C.
Alum - Chrome alum
Chrome alum, K2SO4·Cr2(SO4)3·24H2O, appears chiefly as a by-product in the manufacture of alizarin, and as a product of the reaction in bichromate batteries.
Alum - Ammonium alum
Ammonia alum, NH4Al(SO4)2·12H2O, a white crystalline double sulfate of aluminium, is used in water purification, in vegetable glues, in porcelain cements, in natural deodorants, in tanning, dyeing and in fireproofing textiles.
Alum - Alum solubility
The solubility of the various alums in water varies greatly, sodium alum being readily soluble in water, while caesium and rubidium alums are only sparingly soluble. The various solubilities are shown in the following table.
At temperature T, 100 parts water dissolve:
Other related archivesAlumnus/a, Bavaria, Belgium, Bohemia, Dioscorides, Greeks, List of minerals, Philippines, Pliny, Potash, Potash alum, Scotland, Torbern Bergman, acid, alchemists, alizarin, aluminium, alunite, ammonia, ammonium, astringent, batteries, bauxite, caesium, calcium carbonate, carbon dioxide, chemistry, chromium, clay, clays, cryolite, crystallize, iron (III), lepidolite, leucite, lime, lithium, litmus, minerals, octahedra, pomegranate, potassium, precipitated, pyrite, rubidium, salts, schist, shale, silicate, slate, sodium, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, specific gravity, sulfate, sulfates, sulfuric acid, water, water of crystallization, weathering
 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Types of alum", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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