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Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend | | Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend: Encyclopedia II - Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend | | Alexander was a legend in his own time. His court historian Callisthenes portrayed the sea in Cilicia as drawing back from him in proskynesis. Writing after Alexander's death, another participant, Onesicritus, went so far as to invent a tryst between Alexander and Thalestris, queen of the mythical Amazons. When Onesicritus read this passage to his patron, Alexander's general and later King Lysimachus, Lysimac ...
See also:Alexander the Great, Alexander the Great - Early life, Alexander the Great - The ascent of Macedonia, Alexander the Great - Period of conquests, Alexander the Great - The defeat of the Persian Empire, Alexander the Great - The invasion of India, Alexander the Great - After India, Alexander the Great - Alexander's marriages and sexuality, Alexander the Great - The army of Alexander the Great before the Battle of Gaugamela, Alexander the Great - Infantry, Alexander the Great - Cavalry, Alexander the Great - Death, Alexander the Great - Legacy and division of the empire, Alexander the Great - Timeline, Alexander the Great - Alexander's character, Alexander the Great - Stories and legends, Alexander the Great - Ancient sources, Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend, Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend in non-Western sources, Alexander the Great - Main towns founded by Alexander, Alexander the Great - Alexander in popular media, Alexander the Great - Note | | | Alexander the Great, Alexander the Great - After India, Alexander the Great - Alexander in popular media, Alexander the Great - Alexander's character, Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend, Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend in non-Western sources, Alexander the Great - Alexander's marriages and sexuality, Alexander the Great - Ancient sources, Alexander the Great - Cavalry, Alexander the Great - Death, Alexander the Great - Early life, Alexander the Great - Infantry, Alexander the Great - Legacy and division of the empire, Alexander the Great - Main towns founded by Alexander, Alexander the Great - Note, Alexander the Great - Period of conquests, Alexander the Great - Stories and legends, Alexander the Great - The army of Alexander the Great before the Battle of Gaugamela, Alexander the Great - The ascent of Macedonia, Alexander the Great - The defeat of the Persian Empire, Alexander the Great - The invasion of India, Alexander the Great - Timeline | | |
| | | Alexander the Great: Encyclopedia II - Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend
Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend
Alexander was a legend in his own time. His court historian Callisthenes portrayed the sea in Cilicia as drawing back from him in proskynesis. Writing after Alexander's death, another participant, Onesicritus, went so far as to invent a tryst between Alexander and Thalestris, queen of the mythical Amazons. When Onesicritus read this passage to his patron, Alexander's general and later King Lysimachus, Lysimachus reportedly quipped "I wonder where I was at the time."
In the first centuries after Alexander's death, probably in Alexandria, a quantity of the more legendary material coalesced into a text known as the Alexander Romance, later falsely ascribed to the historian Callisthenes and therefore known as Pseudo-Callisthenes. This text underwent numerous expansions and revisions throughout Antiquity and the Middle Ages, exhibiting a plasticity unseen in "higher" literary forms. Latin and Syriac translations were made in Late Antiquity. From these, versions were developed in all the major languages of Europe and the Middle East, including Armenian, Georgian, Persian, Arabic, Turkish, Hebrew, Serbian, Slavonic, Romanian, Hungarian, German, English, Italian, and French. The "Romance" is regarded by most Western scholars as the source of the account of Alexander given in the Qur'an (Sura The Cave). It is the source of many incidents in Ferdowsi's "Shahnama". A Mongolian version is also extant.
Some believe that, excepting certain religious texts, it is the most widely-read work of pre-modern times.
Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend in non-Western sources
Main article: Alexander in the Qur'an (Theory)
Alexander was often identified in Persian and Arabic-language sources as Dhul-Qarnayn, Arabic for the "Two-Horned One", possibly a reference to the appearance of a horn-headed figure that appears on coins minted during his rule and later imitated in ancient Middle Eastern coinage. If this theory is followed, Islamic accounts of the Alexander legend, particularly in the Qur'an and in Persian legends, combined the Pseudo-Callisthenes legendary, pseudo-religious material about Alexander. The same legends from the Pseudo-Callisthenes were combined in Persia with Sasanid Persian ideas about Alexander in the Iskandarnamah.
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 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Alexander's legend", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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