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19th century - Americas | | 19th century - Americas: Encyclopedia II - 19th century - Americas | | The United States began expansion across the North American Continent, beginning with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. This expansion was asserted to be the Manifest Destiny of the country. This was accompanied by the subjugation and dispersal of Native Americans. The expansion was accelerated by the building of transcontinental railroads, and growing numbers of immigrants. On January 24, 1848, gold was discovered in California, leading to the largest of many gold and silver "rushes" throught the century. Millions of people flocked to mines a ...
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| | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - 19th century - Americas
19th century - Americas
The United States began expansion across the North American Continent, beginning with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. This expansion was asserted to be the Manifest Destiny of the country. This was accompanied by the subjugation and dispersal of Native Americans. The expansion was accelerated by the building of transcontinental railroads, and growing numbers of immigrants. On January 24, 1848, gold was discovered in California, leading to the largest of many gold and silver "rushes" throught the century. Millions of people flocked to mines and cities in theses western areas, sparking a period of westward expansion. Many Chinese immigrants began to arrive in California, blending into the unique frontier culture. On September 9th, 1850, California was admitted as a state. This expansion eventually forced the country to confront the issue of legalized slavery in its southern states, as the balance between "free states" and "slave states" could not be upheld.
The Civil War in the United States was fought from 1861 to 1865. Abraham Lincoln was President during the war, and is widely considered one of the greatest leaders of western society. Following the war, industrial manufacturing exploded, adding steam to the already growing Industrial Revolution. In 1878, Thomas Edison displayed his new lightbulb, and within a decade had built a major electrical distribution system across the nation. Economic influence would eventually begin expansion outward across the Pacific Ocean and in Latin America.
On October 2, 1835, the Texas Revolution broke out as the Mexican state of Tejas declared independence from the Mexican government. Independence was declared when Santa Ana instated himself as dictator of the Mexican Republic. Following the Battle of the Alamo, Gen. Sam Houston led a major victory against the Mexicans in the Battle of San Jacinto, capturing Santa Ana himself. The Republic of Texas teetered on collapse and Mexican take-over until its annexation by the United States in 1845.
Shortly after the turn of the century, the colonies of Spain and Portugal began to revolt and declare independence, in the mold of the United States. These revolts were successful, resulting in the establishment of many independent countries from Mexico (1821) in North America to Chile (1818) in South America. Unlike the United States of America, these Latin American countries had relatively unstable governments for most of the century. This resulted in interference in internal affairs by European powers, particularly Great Britain. By the end of the century, the United States was also exerting influence. Former European colonies Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay fought in the War of the Triple Alliance from 1864 to 1870, the bloodiest conflict in Latin American history.
On September 7, 1822, The Empire of Brazil declared its independence from Portugal.
Finally, during the century, the portion of the continent that had been retained by the United Kingdom of Great Britain developed slowly but surely. This development lead to the creation of the Dominion of Canada in 1867.
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 Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Americas", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki |
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