1949: Encyclopedia - 1949

1949

1949 (MCMXLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday.

1949 - Events

• January 2 - Luis Muñoz Marín became the first democratically elected Governor of Puerto Rico.
• January 4 - RMS Caronia of the Cunard Line departs Southampton for New York on her maiden voyage
• January 4 - February 22 - Series of winter storms in Nebraska, Wyoming, South Dakota, Utah, Colorado and Nevada - winds of up to 72 mph - tens of thousands of cattle and sheep perish
• January 5 - U.S. President Harry S. Truman unveils his Fair Deal program.
• January 11 - Los Angeles, California receives its first recorded snowfall.
• January 22 - Communist forces enter Peking
• January 25 - The first Emmy Awards are presented at the Hollywood Athletic Club.
• January 25 - In the first Israeli election, David Ben-Gurion becomes Prime Minister.
• January 26 - Australian Citizenship comes into being.

1949 - February

• February 1 - Rationing of clothes ends in Britain
• February 8 - Cardinal Mindszenty of Hungary is sentenced to life imprisonment for treason against the Hungarian Communist government.
• February 12 - The Vatican announces the excommunication of all persons involved in the trial and conviction of Cardinal Mindszenty.
• February 14 - The Knesset (Israeli parliament) first convenes.
• February 14 - Antonio Carmona re-elected president of Portugal for lack of opposing candidate
• February 19 - Ezra Pound is awarded the first Bollingen Prize in poetry by the Bollingen Foundation and Yale University.
• February 22 - Grady the Cow, a 1,200-pound cow gets stuck inside a silo on a farm in Yukon, Oklahoma and garners national media attention.

1949 - March

• March 1 - World heavyweight boxing champion Joe Louis retires
• March 1 - Indonesia seizes Yogyakarta from the Dutch
• March 2 - The B-50 Superfortress Lucky Lady II under Captain James Gallagher lands in Fort Worth, Texas after completing the first non-stop around-the-world airplane flight. It was refueled in flight four times.
• March 3 - The Tucker automobile Corporation folds.
• March 12 - The Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, Denver & Rio Grande Western and Western Pacific railroads inaugurate the California Zephyr passenger train between Chicago, Illinois and Los Angeles, California as the first train to feature Vista Dome cars as regular equipment.
• March 28 - United States Secretary of Defense James Forrestal resigns suddenly.
• March 31 - The former British colony of Newfoundland joins Canada as its 10th province.

1949 - April

• April 1 - Éire leaves the Commonwealth and becomes the Republic of Ireland
• April 1 - Founding of the Tokyo Stock Exchange
• April 4 - North Atlantic Treaty is signed in Washington, DC.
• April 18 - Éire formally became the Republic of Ireland.
• April 20 - Royal Navy frigate HMS Amethyst goes up the Yangtze River to evacuate British Commonwealth refugees escaping the advance of the Mao's communist forces. Under heavy fire it rans aground off Rose Island. After an aborted rescue attempt at April 26 it anchors 10 miles upstream. Negotiations with the communist forces to let the ship leave drag on for weeks
• April 23 - Chinese communist troops take Nanking
• April 29 - News Review reveals that neither Selhurst College nor its headmaster H. Rochester Sneath exist

1949 - May

• May 5 - The Council of Europe is founded by the signing of the Treaty of London.
• May 9 - Rainier III of Monaco becomes Prince of Monaco.
• May 11 - Israel is admitted to the U.N. as its 59th member.
• May 11 - Siam changes its name to Thailand.
• May 12 - Cold War: The Soviet Union lifts its Blockade of Berlin.
• May 20 - The AFSA (predecessor of the NSA) is established.
• May 22 - After two months in Bethesda Naval Hospital, James Forrestal commits suicide, under circumstances that seem suspicious to many.
• May 23 - The Federal Republic of Germany is established.
• EDSAC, the first stored-program computer, begins operation at Cambridge University.

1949 - June

• June 2 - Transjordan becomes kingdom of Jordan
• June 6 - With the passage of the Bodh Gaya Temple Act by the Indian government, Mahabodhi Temple is restored to partial Buddhist control.
• June 8 - Red Scare: Such celebrities as Helen Keller, Dorothy Parker, Danny Kaye, Fredric March, John Garfield, Paul Muni and Edward G. Robinson are named in an FBI report as Communist Party members.
• June 8 - George Orwell's book Nineteen Eighty-Four is published.
• June 29 - Last US troops withdraw from South Korea
• June 29 - Dock strike in the UK
• June 29 - Beginning of Apartheid - The South African Citizenship Act suspends the granting of citizenship to British Commonwealth immigrants after five years and imposes a ban on mixed marriages

1949 - July

• July 31 - Captain Kerans of HMS Amethyst decides to make a break after the nightfall under heavy fire from both sides of the river and successfully rejoins the fleet at Woosung the next day

1949 - August

• August 5 - In Ecuador an earthquake destroys 50 towns and kills more than 8000
• August 5 - 6.75 Richter scale earthquake kills 6000 in Ecuador
• August 8 - Bhutan becomes independent
• August 14 - Gang of Salvatore Giuliano explodes mines under police barracks outside Palermo, Sicily
• August 14 - Military coup in Syria ousts the president
• August 28 - Last surviving veterans of the United States Civil War meet in Indianapolis - all six
• August 29 - First meeting of the Council of Europe
• August 29 - Soviet Union tests its first atomic bomb.

1949 - September

• September 5 - A former sharpshooter in World War II, Howard Unruh kills 13 neighbors in Camden, New Jersey with a souvenir Luger to become America's first single-episode mass murderer.
• September 6 - Allied military authorities relinquish control of former Nazi Germany assets back to German control.
• September 7 - Federal Republic of Germany officially founded. Konrad Adenauer is the first federal chancellor
• September 9 - Albert Guay affair: dynamite bomb destroys Canadian Pacific Airlines Douglas DC-3 in Quebec
• September 13 - Soviet Union vetoes United Nations membership of Ceylon, Finland, Iceland, Italy, Jordan and Portugal
• September 17 - Canadian steamship SS Noronic burns in Toronto Harbor with the loss of over 118 lives.
• September 24 - Laszlo Rajk, ex-foreign minister of Hungary, is sentenced to death.
• September 29 - First Plenary Session of the National People's Congress approves design for the Flag of the People's Republic of China.
• September 29 - Mrs. Iva Toguri D'Aquino is found guilty of broadcasting for Japan as "Tokyo Rose" during World War II.

1949 - October

• October 1 - Birth of the People's Republic of China.
• October 7 - Democratic Republic of Germany DDR established officially
• October 13 - Severe flooding in Guatemala
• October 16 - Civil war ends in Greece - communist troops surrender
• October 17 - Chinese communist troops take Canton,_China
• October 27 - An airliner flying from Paris to New York crashes near the Azores. Among the victims are violinist Ginette Neveu and boxer Marcel Cerdan.

1949 - November

• November 24 - Opening day at the ski resort Squaw Valley California.
• November 26 - The Indian Constituent Assembly adopts India's constitution. [1]

1949 - December

• December 8 - Nationalist Chinese finish their evacuation to Taiwan.
• December 10- Robert Gordon (Bob) Menzies elected.
• December 14 - Traicho Kostov, ex-vice prime minister of Bulgaria, is sentenced to death.
• December 15 - Typhoon strikes fishing fleet off Korea - several thousand reported dead.
• December 16 - Sukarno elected president of Republic of Indonesia.
• December 17 - Burma recognizes People's Republic of China.
• December 27 - Queen Juliana of the Netherlands grants Indonesia sovereignty.
• December 30 - India recognizes People's Republic of China.

1949 - An Unknown Date

• The Fourth Geneva Convention is signed.
• Pamir is the last commercial sailing ship to sail round Cape Horn.

1949 - Births

1949 - January

• January 2 - Christopher Durang, American playwright
• January 7 - Steven Williams, American actor
• January 8 - Wolfgang Puck, Austrian chef
• January 10 - George Foreman, American boxer
• January 10 - James Lapine, American stage director and librettist
• January 10 - Linda Lovelace, American actress (d. 2002)
• January 11 - Kalev Ots, Estonian statesman
• January 12 - Wayne Wang, Hong Kong-born film director
• January 13 - Brandon Tartikoff, American television executive (d. 1997)
• January 14 - Lawrence Kasdan, American director and screenwriter
• January 17 - Andy Kaufman, American comedian (d. 1984)
• January 18 - Philippe Starck, French designer
• January 19 - Robert Palmer, English musician (d. 2003)
• January 20 - Göran Persson, Prime Minister of Sweden
• January 24 - John Belushi, American actor (d. 1982)
• January 30 - Peter Agre, American biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
• January 31 - Ken Wilber, American philosopher

1949 - February

• February 2 - Brent Spiner, American actor
• February 9 - Jim Sheridan, Irish film director
• February 10 - Maxime Le Forestier, French singer
• February 10 - Harold Sylvester, American actor
• February 15 - Ken Anderson, American football player
• February 18 - Gary Ridgway, American serial killer
• February 19 - Dan Bunten, American computer game designer(d. 1998)
• February 22 - Niki Lauda, Austrian race car driver
• February 25 - Ric Flair, American professional wrestler

1949 - March

• March 2 - Gates McFadden, American actress
• March 2 - Eddie Money, American singer
• March 2 - JPR Williams, Welsh rugby player
• March 3 - Jesse Jefferson, baseball player
• March 6 - Shaukat Aziz, Prime Minister of Pakistan
• March 6 - Martin Buchan, Scottish footballer
• March 7 - Ghulam Nabi Azad, Indian politician
• March 10 - Larry Wall, American computer programmer
• March 12 - Bill Payne, American musician (Little Feat)
• March 13 - Julia Migenes, American soprano
• March 16 - Erik Estrada, Puerto Rican actor
• March 16 - Victor Garber, Canadian actor
• March 17 - Patrick Duffy, American actor
• March 22 - Fanny Ardant, French actress
• March 23 - Ric Ocasek, American musician (The Cars)
• March 24 - Nick Lowe, American musician
• March 26 - Patrick Süskind, German writer
• March 30 - Marcia Ball, American musician
• March 30 - Lene Lovich, American singer

1949 - April-June

• April 1 - Gérard Mestrallet, French businessman
• April 1 - Gil Scott-Heron, American musician and composer
• April 3 - Richard Thompson, British musician and songwriter
• April 6 - Horst Ludwig Störmer, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• April 7 - John Oates, American musician (Hall and Oates)
• April 14 - John Shea, American actor
• April 16 - Sandy Hawley, Canadian jockey
• April 17 - Claudia de Santa-Fe, American painter and sculptor
• April 18 - Geoff Bodine, American race car driver
• May 4 - John Force, American race car driver
• May 7 - Tanya Falan, American singer
• May 9 - Billy Joel, American musician
• May 18 - Rick Wakeman, English musician and songwriter (Yes)
• May 18 - Bill Wallace, Canadian musician (The Guess Who)
• May 19 - Archie Manning, American football player
• May 24 - Tomaž Pisanski, Slovenian mathematician
• May 26 - Philip Michael Thomas, American actor
• May 26 - Hank Williams Jr., American singer
• May 31 - Tom Berenger, American actor
• June 3 - Peter Turland, Crap English amateur philosopher
• June 8 - Emanuel Ax, Polish-born pianist
• June 13 - Ann Druyan, writer
• June 14 - Jimmy Lea, English musician (Slade)
• June 14 - Harry Turtledove, American historian and novelist
• June 21 - John Agard, British poet and playwright
• June 21 - Jane Urquhart, Canadian author
• June 24 - Albert Zappelli, American Educator

1949 - July

• July 3 - Jan Smithers, American actress
• July 15 - Carl Bildt, Prime Minister of Sweden
• July 17 - Charlie Steiner, American sportscaster
• July 22 - Alan Menken, American composer
• July 26 - Roger Taylor, English musician (Queen)

1949 - August

• August 6 - Alan Campbell, Irish minister
• August 7 - Walid Jumblatt, leader of the Lebanese Druze
• August 12 - Mark Knopfler, English guitarist, Dire Straits
• August 15 - Richard Deacon, Welsh sculptor
• August 23 - Shelley Long, American actress
• August 23 - Rick Springfield, Australian singer and actor
• August 25 - Martin Amis, English novelist
• August 31 - Richard Gere, American actor
• August 31 - H. David Politzer, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

1949 - September

• September 1 - P.A. Sangma, Indian politician
• September 3 - Patriarch Peter VII of Alexandria (d. 2004)
• September 7 - Lee McGeorge Durrell, American author, television presenter, and zookeeper
• September 7 - Gloria Gaynor, American singer
• September 14 - Eikichi Yazawa, Japanese singer
• September 15 - Joe Barton, American politician
• September 17 - Cassandra Peterson, American actress Elvira
• September 18 - Mo Mowlam, British politician (d. 2005)
• September 23 - Bruce Springsteen, American singer and songwriter
• September 27 - Mike Schmidt, baseball player

1949 - October

• October 1 - Isaac Bonewits, American author and occultist
• October 8 - Sigourney Weaver, American actress
• October 14 - Katy Manning, British actress
• October 20 - Valeri Borzov, Ukrainian athlete
• October 21 - Benjamin Netanyahu, Prime Minister of Israel
• October 22 - Arsene Wenger, French football manager
• October 22 - Stiv Bators, American musician (The Dead Boys) (d. 1990)

1949 - November

• November 5 - Armin Shimerman, American actor
• November 6 - Arturo Sandoval, Cuban musician
• November 7 - Aiswarya, Queen of Nepal (d. 2001)
• November 7 - Judi Bari, American environmental activist (d. 1997)
• November 24 - Nicholas Richard Ainger, British politician
• November 26 - Juanin Clay, American actress (d. 1995)
• November 29 - Alexander Godunov, Russian-born dancer and actor (d. 1995)

1949 - December

• December 3 - John Akii-Bua Ugandan hurdler (d. 1997)
• December 4 - Jeff Bridges, American actor
• December 4 - Pamela Stephenson, New Zealand-born comedienne, actress, and singer
• December 7 - Tom Waits, American singer, composer, and actor
• December 12 - Bill Nighy, English actor
• December 13 – Randy Owen, lead singer of the country music band Alabama
• December 14 - Bill Buckner, baseball player
• December 15 - Don Johnson, American actor
• December 17 - Paul Rodgers, British singer (Free)
• December 22 - Maurice Gibb, Australian musician (The Bee Gees) (d. 2003)
• December 22 - Robin Gibb, Australian musician (The Bee Gees)
• December 24 - Randy Neugebauer, American politician
• December 25 - Sissy Spacek, American actress
• December 25 - Joe Louis Walker, American musician
• December 26 - José Ramos Horta, Foreign Minister of East Timor, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize

1949 - Unknown date

• William Hope, Canadian actor

1949 - Deaths

1949 - January

• January 6 - Victor Fleming, American director (b. 1883)
• January 11 - Nelson Doubleday, American publisher (b. 1889)
• January 14 - Joaquín Turina, Spanish composer (b. 1882)
• January 28 - Jean-Pierre Wimille, French race car driver (b. 1908)

1949 - February

• February 12 - Imam Hassan al Banna, Egyptian founder of the Muslim Brotherhood (b. 1906)

1949 - March

• March 30 - Friedrich Bergius, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1884)

1949 - April

• April 19 - Ulrich Salchow, Swedish figure skater (b. 1877)

1949 - May

• May 6 - Maurice Maeterlinck, Belgian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1862)
• May 9 - Louis II, Prince of Monaco (b. 1870)
• May 22 - James Forrestal, U.S. Secretary of Navy and Defense (suicide) (b. 1892)
• May 22 - Klaus Mann, German writer (suicide) (b. 1906)

1949 - June

• June 10 - Sigrid Undset, Norwegian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1882)
• June 14 - Russell Doubleday, American author and publisher (b. 1872)

1949 - July

• July 9 - Fritz Bennicke Hart, English-born composer (b. 1874)
• July 12 - Douglas Hyde, first President of Ireland (b. 1860)
• July 18- Vítězslav Novák, Czech composer (b. 1870)

1949 - August

• August 18 - Paul Mares, American musician (b. 1900)
• August 30 - Arthur Fielder, English cricketer (b. 1877)

1949 - September

• September 8 - Richard Strauss, German composer (b. 1864)
• September 13 - August Krogh, Danish zoophysiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1874)
• September 19 - Will Cuppy, American humorist (b. 1884)
• September 19 - Nikolaos Skalkottas, Greek composer (b. 1901)

1949 - October

• October 27 - Marcel Cerdan, French boxer (plane crash) (b. 1916)
• October 27 - Ginette Neveu, French violinist (plane crash) (b. 1919)

1949 - December

• December 6 - Leadbelly, American musician (b. 1885)
• December 11 - Krishna Chandra Bhattacharya, Indian philosopher (b. 1875)
• December 16 - Sidney Olcott, Canadian film director (b. 1873)
• December 28 - Hervey Allen, American author (b. 1889)
• December 28 - Jack Lovelock, New Zealand athlete (b. 1910)

1949 - Nobel Prizes

• Physics - Yukawa Hideki
• Chemistry - William Francis Giauque
• Medicine - Walter Rudolf Hess, Antonio Caetano De Abreu Freire Egas Moniz
• Literature - William Faulkner
• Peace - John Boyd Orr

Category: 1949

Adapted from the Wikipedia article "1949", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1949, used and available under the GNU Free Documentation License.