1881: Encyclopedia II - 1881 - Events

1881 - Events

1881 - January - April

• January 16-January 24 - Siege of Geok Tepe - Russian troops under general Skobeleff defeat Turkomans
• January 24 - William Edward Forster, the chief secretary for Ireland, introduces his Coercion Bill - it goes through a long debate before it is accepted February 2
• January 25 - Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell form the Oriental Telephone Company
• February 2 - Parkfield Earthquake
• February 5 - Phoenix, Arizona is incorporated.
• February 13 - First issue of the feminist newspaper La Citoyenne is published by Hubertine Auclert.
• February 19 - Kansas became the first U.S. state to prohibit all alcoholic beverages.
• March 4 - Rutherford Birchard Hayes is succeeded as President of the United States by James Abram Garfield.
• March 12 - Andrew Watson makes his Scotland debut as the world's first black international football player and captain.
• March 13 - Alexander II of Russia is killed near his palace when a bomb is thrown at him. He is succeeded by his son, Alexander III.
• March 16 - Fenian dynamiters hit Mansion House in London.
• April 21 - The University of Connecticut is founded as the Storrs Agricultural School.
• April 25 - Caulfield Grammar School is founded in Melbourne, Australia.
• April 28 - Billy the Kid escapes from New Mexico jail.

1881 - May - August

• May 12 - In North Africa, Tunisia becomes a French protectorate.
• May 21 - The American Red Cross is established by Clara Barton.
• May 21 - The United States Tennis Association is established by a small group of tennis club members.
• June 12 - The USS Jeannette is crushed in an Arctic Ocean ice pack.
• July 1 - General Order 70, the culmination of the Cardwell-Childers reforms of the British Army's organisation, came into effect.
• July 2 - James Abram Garfield, President of the United States is shot by lawyer Charles Julius Guiteau. He survives the assassination attempt but he suffers from infection of his wound.
• July 4 - In Alabama, the Tuskegee Institute opens.
• July 20 - Indian Wars: Sioux chief Sitting Bull leads the last of his fugitive people in surrender to United States troops at Fort Buford in Montana.
• August 27 - A hurricane hits Florida and Carolinas; about 700 die

1881 - September - December

• September 5 - The Thumb Fire in the U.S. state of Michigan destroys over a million acres (4,000 km²) and kills 282 people.
• September 19 - James Abram Garfield, President of the United States dies due to an infected wound caused by an assassin's bullet and is succeeded by Vice President Chester Alan Arthur.
• October 26 - Gunfight at the O.K. Corral in Tombstone, Cochise County, Arizona, USA.
• October 29 - The Judge (US magazine) first published.
• November 11 - The Clarkson Memorial in Wisbech was completed and unveiled to the public.
• November 19 - A meteorite struck earth near the village of Großliebenthal, a few kilometers southwest of Odessa, Ukraine.
• December 5 - The 47th US Congress (1881-83) convenes
• December 8 - At least 620 die in fire at Ring Theatre, Vienna

1881 - Unknown date

• Founding of the Pali Text Society
• University College Dublin is established in Ireland
• The United States National Lawn Tennis Association (USNLTA) is founded, and the first U.S. Tennis Championships are played.
• Founding of the League of the Three Emperors
• London Evening News begins publication
• Some Vatican archives opened to scholars for the first time
• Abilene, Texas is founded.
• Leyton Orient F.C. is Founded

Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Events", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki