1380s: Encyclopedia II - 1380s - Events and Trends

1380s - Events and Trends

• The Western Schism continues with Pope Urban VI and Avignon Pope Clement VII each considered by some to be the Pope.
• Richard II reigns in England and Charles VI reigns in France.
• Geoffrey Chaucer begins work on The Canterbury Tales
• A civil war in the Scandinavian part of Sweden brought unrest to Finland, too.
• As part of the Hundred Years War, the island of Jersey was attacked many times and was even occupied for a couple of years.
• Many Humanist books produced as part of the early Italian Renaissance. The 1380s saw several classicising groups, including monks and citizens. There was a gradual build-up rather than a big bang. Apart from the elites there was already an audience for the Renaissance. Florence was a very literate audience, already self-conscious and aware of its city and place in the political landscape.

1380

• The city of Sofia (Bulgaria) is taken by the Ottoman Empire (Turks).
• Battle of Kulikovo - Russian forces under Grand Prince Dmitri Ivanovich of Moscow defeat a mixed army of Tatars and Mongols (the Golden Horde), stopping their advance at Kulikovo.
• Charles V of France dies and is succeeded by his son Charles VI who reigned until 1422.
• Haakon VI of Norway dies and is succeeded by his son Olaf III of Denmark as Olaf IV of Norway. Iceland, as a part of Norway passes under the Danish crown.

1381 Peasants' Revolt: In England rebels arrive at Blackheath. King Richard II of England meets the leaders of Peasants Revolt. The revolt is discussed in John Gower's Vox Clamantis and Froissart's Chronicles.

1382

• End of the reign of Emperor Go-En'yu of Japan, fifth and last of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders. Emperor Go-Komatsu ascends to the throne of Japan
• John Wyclif's teachings are condemned by the Synod of London.
• Trieste being donated by his inhabitants to Leopold III von Habsburg.
• Mary of Hungary becomes Queen of Hungary as a child after her father Louis I the Great of Hungary dies

1383 End of the reign of Emperor Chokei of Japan. Emperor Go-Kameyama ascends to the throne of Japan.

1383-1385 Crisis Including the Siege of Lisbon by the Castilian army in 1384

1384 Queen Jadwiga (c. 1374–1399) reigned from 1384 to 1399, venerated in the Roman Catholic Church as Saint Hedwig (Jadwiga) the Queen.

1385

• Battle of Aljubarrota between the Portuguese under John I of Portugal and the Castilians, under John I of Castile. The decisive Portuguese victory guarantees independence and ends the 1383-1385 Crisis
• John I of Portugal becomes the first Portuguese king of the House of Aviz
• The Union of Krewo established the Jagiellonian dynasty in Poland and Lithuania through the marriage of Queen Jadwiga of Poland and Grand Prince Jagiello of Lithuania and saw the acceptance of Roman Catholicism by the Lithuanian elite.
• The marriage of Charles VI of France and Isabella of Bavaria-Straubing is the first French court ball

1386

• Battle of Sempach: Swiss safeguard independence from Habsburg rule
• End of reign of Poland by Capet-Anjou family. Jagiello (Vladislav V) unites Lithuania and Poland.
• Dan I is succeeded as ruler of Wallachia by Mircea the Old.
• The Viking colony of Greenland submits itself to the Norwegian king.

1387

• John Holland, a maternal half-brother of Richard II of England, is created Earl of Huntingdon.
• Olaf IV of Norway/ Olaf III of Denmark dies. The vacant thrones come under the Regency of his mother Margaret I of Denmark who would soon become Queen in her own right.
• Battle of Radcot Bridge: forces loyal to Richard II defeated by Henry Bolingbroke, Earl of Derby.
• Geoffrey Chaucer begins writing The Canterbury Tales.
• Queen Margaret I of Denmark accession to the throne.

1388

• Beginning of prosecution of Lollards in England
• The Battle of Otterburn between England and Scotland

1389

• Margaret I seizes Albert, thus becoming ruler of Denmark, Norway and Sweden
• Battle of Kosovo between Serbs and Ottomans. Both the Serbian Prince Lazar and Murad I were killed in battle.
  • Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Murad I (1359-1389) to Beyazid I (1389-1402)

Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Events and Trends", under the G.N U Free Docmentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki